使用 EventBridge 监控容量块使用 Amazon CloudTrail 记录容量块 API 调用

监控容量块

主题

使用 EventBridge 监控容量块
使用 Amazon CloudTrail 记录容量块 API 调用

使用 EventBridge 监控容量块

当您的容量块预留开始时，Amazon EC2 将通过 EventBridge 发出一个事件，表明您的容量已准备就绪，可以使用。在容量块预留结束前 40 分钟，您会收到另一个 EventBridge 事件，通知您预留中运行的所有实例将在 10 分钟后开始进行终止。有关 EventBridge 事件的更多信息，请参阅 Amazon EventBridge 事件。

容量块发出的事件结构如下：

已交付的容量块

以下示例显示了已交付的容量块的事件。


{
  "customer_event_id": "[Capacity Reservation Id]-delivered",
  "detail_type": "Capacity Block Reservation Delivered",
  "source": "aws.ec2",
  "account": "[Customer Account ID]",
  "time": "[Current time]",
  "resources": [
    "[ODCR ARN]"
  ],
  "detail": {
    "capacity-reservation-id": "[ODCR ID]",
    "end-date": "[ODCR End Date]"
  }
}

容量块过期警告

以下示例显示了容量块过期警告事件。


{
  "customer_event_id": "[Capacity Reservation Id]-approaching-expiry",
  "detail_type": "Capacity Block Reservation Expiration Warning",
  "source": "aws.ec2",
  "account": "[Customer Account ID]",
  "time": "[Current time]",
  "resources": [
    "[ODCR ARN]"
  ],
  "detail": {
    "capacity-reservation-id": "[ODCR ID]",
    "end-date": "[ODCR End Date]"
  }
}

使用 Amazon CloudTrail 记录容量块 API 调用

容量块与 Amazon CloudTrail 集成，后者是一种服务，提供用户、角色或 Amazon 服务在容量块中采取的操作的记录。CloudTrail 将容量块的 API 调用作为事件捕获。捕获的调用包含来自容量块控制台的调用以及对容量块 API 操作的代码调用。如果您创建跟踪，则可以将 CloudTrail 事件持续交付到 Amazon S3 存储桶，包括容量块事件。如果您不配置跟踪，则仍可在 CloudTrail 控制台中的 事件历史记录 中查看最新事件。使用 CloudTrail 收集的信息，您可以确定向容量块发出的请求、发出请求的 IP 地址、请求方、请求时间以及其他详细信息。

要了解有关 CloudTrail 的更多信息，请参阅 Amazon CloudTrail 用户指南。

CloudTrail 中的容量块信息

在您创建 Amazon Web Services 账户时，将在该账户上启用 CloudTrail。当容量块中发生活动时，该活动将记录在 CloudTrail 事件中，并与其他 Amazon 服务事件一同记录在事件历史记录中。您可以在 Amazon Web Services 账户中查看、搜索和下载最新事件。有关更多信息，请参阅使用 CloudTrail 事件历史记录查看事件。

要持续记录 Amazon Web Services 账户中的事件（包括容量块事件），请创建跟踪。通过跟踪记录，CloudTrail 可将日志文件传送至 Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) 存储桶。预设情况下，在控制台中创建跟踪记录时，此跟踪记录应用于所有Amazon Web Services 区域。此跟踪记录在 Amazon 分区中记录所有区域中的事件，并将日志文件传送至您指定的 Amazon S3 存储桶。此外，您可以配置其他 Amazon 服务，进一步分析在 CloudTrail 日志中收集的事件数据并采取行动。有关更多信息，请参阅下列内容：

CloudTrail 会记录所有容量块操作，并记录在 Amazon EC2 API 参考中。例如，对 CapacityBlockScheduled 和 CapacityBlockActive 操作的调用会在 CloudTrail 日志文件中生成条目。

每个事件或日志条目都包含有关生成请求的人员信息。身份信息可帮助您确定以下内容：

请求是使用根用户凭证还是 Amazon Identity and Access Management（IAM）用户凭证发出的。
请求是使用角色还是联合用户的临时安全凭证发出的。
请求是否由其它 Amazon 服务发出。

有关更多信息，请参阅 CloudTrail userIdentity 元素。

了解容量块日志文件条目

跟踪是一种配置，可用于将事件作为日志文件传送到您指定的 Amazon S3 存储桶。CloudTrail 日志文件包含一个或多个日记账条目。一个事件表示来自任何源的一个请求，包括有关所请求的操作、操作的日期和时间、请求参数等方面的信息。CloudTrail 日志文件不是公用 API 调用的有序堆栈跟踪，因此它们不会按任何特定顺序显示。

以下示例显示了 CloudTrail 日志条目：

TerminateCapacityBlocksInstances
CapacityBlockPaymentFailed
CapacityBlockScheduled
CapacityBlockActive
CapacityBlockFailed
CapacityBlockExpired

注意

为了保护数据隐私，已从示例中删除了一些字段。

TerminateCapacityBlocksInstances


{
  "eventVersion": "1.05",
  "userIdentity": {
    "accountId": "123456789012",
    "invokedBy": "Amazon Internal;"
  },
  "eventTime": "2023-10-02T00:06:08Z",
  "eventSource": "ec2.amazonaws.com",
  "eventName": "TerminateCapacityBlockInstances",
  "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
  "sourceIPAddress": "203.0.113.25",
  "userAgent": "aws-cli/1.15.61 Python/2.7.10 Darwin/16.7.0 botocore/1.10.60",
  "requestParameters": null,
  "responseElements": null,
  "eventID": "a1b2c3d4-EXAMPLE",
  "readOnly": false,
  "resources": [
    {
      "accountId": "123456789012",
      "type": "AWS::EC2::Instance",
      "ARN": "arn:aws:ec2:US East (N. Virginia):123456789012:instance/i-1234567890abcdef0"
    }
    {
      "accountId": "123456789012",
      "type": "AWS::EC2::Instance",
      "ARN": "arn:aws::ec2:US East (N. Virginia):123456789012:instance/i-0598c7d356eba48d7"
    }
  ],
  "eventType": "AwsServiceEvent",
  "recipientAccountId": "123456789012",
  "serviceEventDetails": {
      "capacityReservationId": "cr-12345678",
      }
}

CapacityBlockPaymentFailed


{
  "eventVersion": "1.05",
  "userIdentity": {
    "accountId": "123456789012",
    "invokedBy": "Amazon Internal;"
  },
  "eventTime": "2023-10-02T00:06:08Z",
  "eventSource": "ec2.amazonaws.com",
  "eventName": "CapacityBlockPaymentFailed",
  "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
  "sourceIPAddress": "203.0.113.25",
  "userAgent": "aws-cli/1.15.61 Python/2.7.10 Darwin/16.7.0 botocore/1.10.60",
  "requestParameters": null,
  "responseElements": null,
  "eventID": "a1b2c3d4-EXAMPLE",
  "readOnly": false,
  "resources": [
    {
      "ARN": "arn:aws:ec2:US East (N. Virginia):123456789012:capacity-reservation/cr-12345678",
      "accountId": "123456789012",
      "type": "AWS::EC2::CapacityReservation"
    }
  ],
  "eventType": "AwsServiceEvent",
  "recipientAccountId": "123456789012",
  "serviceEventDetails": {
      "capacityReservationId": "cr-12345678",
      "capacityReservationState": "payment-failed"
      }
}

CapacityBlockScheduled


{
  "eventVersion": "1.05",
  "userIdentity": {
    "accountId": "123456789012",
    "invokedBy": "Amazon Internal;"
  },
  "eventTime": "2023-10-02T00:06:08Z",
  "eventSource": "ec2.amazonaws.com",
  "eventName": "CapacityBlockScheduled",
  "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
  "sourceIPAddress": "203.0.113.25",
  "userAgent": "aws-cli/1.15.61 Python/2.7.10 Darwin/16.7.0 botocore/1.10.60",
  "requestParameters": null,
  "responseElements": null,
  "eventID": "a1b2c3d4-EXAMPLE",
  "readOnly": false,
  "resources": [
    {
      "ARN": "arn:aws:ec2:US East (N. Virginia):123456789012:capacity-reservation/cr-12345678",
      "accountId": "123456789012",
      "type": "AWS::EC2::CapacityReservation"
    }
  ],
  "eventType": "AwsServiceEvent",
  "recipientAccountId": "123456789012",
  "serviceEventDetails": {
      "capacityReservationId": "cr-12345678",
      "capacityReservationState": "scheduled"
      }
}

CapacityBlockActive


{
  "eventVersion": "1.05",
  "userIdentity": {
    "accountId": "123456789012",
    "invokedBy": "Amazon Internal;"
  },
  "eventTime": "2023-10-02T00:06:08Z",
  "eventSource": "ec2.amazonaws.com",
  "eventName": "CapacityBlockActive",
  "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
  "sourceIPAddress": "203.0.113.25",
  "userAgent": "aws-cli/1.15.61 Python/2.7.10 Darwin/16.7.0 botocore/1.10.60",
  "requestParameters": null,
  "responseElements": null,
  "eventID": "a1b2c3d4-EXAMPLE",
  "readOnly": false,
  "resources": [
    {
      "ARN": "arn:aws:ec2:US East (N. Virginia):123456789012:capacity-reservation/cr-12345678",
      "accountId": "123456789012",
      "type": "AWS::EC2::CapacityReservation"
    }
  ],
  "eventType": "AwsServiceEvent",
  "recipientAccountId": "123456789012",
  "serviceEventDetails": {
      "capacityReservationId": "cr-12345678",
      "capacityReservationState": "active"
      }
 }

CapacityBlockFailed


{
  "eventVersion": "1.05",
  "userIdentity": {
    "accountId": "123456789012",
    "invokedBy": "Amazon Internal;"
  },
  "eventTime": "2023-10-02T00:06:08Z",
  "eventSource": "ec2.amazonaws.com",
  "eventName": "CapacityBlockFailed",
  "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
  "sourceIPAddress": "203.0.113.25",
  "userAgent": "aws-cli/1.15.61 Python/2.7.10 Darwin/16.7.0 botocore/1.10.60",
  "requestParameters": null,
  "responseElements": null,
  "eventID": "a1b2c3d4-EXAMPLE",
  "readOnly": false,
  "resources": [
    {
      "ARN": "arn:aws:ec2:US East (N. Virginia):123456789012:capacity-reservation/cr-12345678",
      "accountId": "123456789012",
      "type": "AWS::EC2::CapacityReservation"
    }
  ],
  "eventType": "AwsServiceEvent",
  "recipientAccountId": "123456789012",
  "serviceEventDetails": {
      "capacityReservationId": "cr-12345678",
      "capacityReservationState": "failed"
      }
 }

CapacityBlockExpired


{
  "eventVersion": "1.05",
  "userIdentity": {
    "accountId": "123456789012",
    "invokedBy": "Amazon Internal;"
  },
  "eventTime": "2023-10-02T00:06:08Z",
  "eventSource": "ec2.amazonaws.com",
  "eventName": "CapacityBlockExpired",
  "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
  "sourceIPAddress": "203.0.113.25",
  "userAgent": "aws-cli/1.15.61 Python/2.7.10 Darwin/16.7.0 botocore/1.10.60",
  "requestParameters": null,
  "responseElements": null,
  "eventID": "a1b2c3d4-EXAMPLE",
  "readOnly": false,
  "resources": [
    {
      "ARN": "arn:aws:ec2:US East (N. Virginia):123456789012:capacity-reservation/cr-12345678",
      "accountId": "123456789012",
      "type": "AWS::EC2::CapacityReservation"
    }
  ],
  "eventType": "AwsServiceEvent",
  "recipientAccountId": "123456789012",
  "serviceEventDetails": {
      "capacityReservationId": "cr-12345678",
      "capacityReservationState": "expired"
      }
 }

Javascript 在您的浏览器中被禁用或不可用。

要使用 Amazon Web Services 文档，必须启用 Javascript。请参阅浏览器的帮助页面以了解相关说明。

使用容量块

实例生命周期