# 在 CloudWatch Application Insights 中使用服务相关角色
<a name="CHAP_using-service-linked-roles-appinsights"></a>

CloudWatch Application Insights 使用 Amazon Identity and Access Management (IAM)[ 服务相关角色](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/IAM/latest/UserGuide/id_roles_terms-and-concepts.html#iam-term-service-linked-role)。服务相关角色是一种独特类型的 IAM 角色，它与 CloudWatch Application Insights 直接相关。服务相关角色由 CloudWatch Application Insights 预定义，并包含该服务代表您调用其他 Amazon 服务所需的一切权限。

服务相关角色更方便设置 CloudWatch Application Insights，因为无需手动添加必要权限。CloudWatch Application Insights 定义其服务相关角色的权限，除非另外定义，否则只有 CloudWatch Application Insights 可以代入其角色。定义的权限包括信任策略和权限策略，而且权限策略不能附加到任何其他 IAM 实体。

有关支持服务相关角色的其他服务的信息，请参阅[使用 IAM 的 Amazon 服务](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/IAM/latest/UserGuide/reference_aws-services-that-work-with-iam.html)并查找 **Service-Linked Role**（服务相关角色）列中显示为 **Yes**（是）的服务。选择**是**链接，查看该服务的服务相关角色文档。

## CloudWatch Application Insights 的服务相关角色权限
<a name="service-linked-role-permissions"></a>

CloudWatch Application Insights 使用名为 **AWSServiceRoleForApplicationInsights** 的服务相关角色。Application Insights 使用此角色执行操作，例如分析客户的资源组、创建 CloudFormation 堆栈以创建有关指标的告警，以及在 EC2 实例上配置 CloudWatch 代理。服务相关角色附加了 IAM policy，名为 `CloudwatchApplicationInsightsServiceLinkedRolePolicy`。有关此策略的更新，请参阅 [对 Amazon 托管式策略的 Application Insights 更新](security-iam-awsmanpol-appinsights.md#security-iam-awsmanpol-appinsights-updates)。

角色权限策略允许 CloudWatch Application Insights 对资源完成以下操作。

------
#### [ JSON ]

****  

```
{
  "Version":"2012-10-17",		 	 	 
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Sid": "CloudWatch",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "cloudwatch:DescribeAlarmHistory",
        "cloudwatch:DescribeAlarms",
        "cloudwatch:GetMetricData",
        "cloudwatch:ListMetrics",
        "cloudwatch:PutMetricAlarm",
        "cloudwatch:DeleteAlarms",
        "cloudwatch:PutAnomalyDetector",
        "cloudwatch:DeleteAnomalyDetector",
        "cloudwatch:DescribeAnomalyDetectors"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "CloudWatchLogs",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "logs:FilterLogEvents",
        "logs:GetLogEvents",
        "logs:DescribeLogStreams",
        "logs:DescribeLogGroups"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "EventBridge",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "events:DescribeRule"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "CloudFormation",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "cloudFormation:CreateStack",
        "cloudFormation:UpdateStack",
        "cloudFormation:DeleteStack",
        "cloudFormation:DescribeStackResources",
        "cloudFormation:UpdateTerminationProtection"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:cloudformation:*:*:stack/ApplicationInsights-*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "CloudFormationStacks",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "cloudFormation:DescribeStacks",
        "cloudFormation:ListStackResources",
        "cloudFormation:ListStacks"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "Tag",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "tag:GetResources"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "ResourceGroups",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "resource-groups:ListGroupResources",
        "resource-groups:GetGroupQuery",
        "resource-groups:GetGroup"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "ApplicationInsightsResourceGroup",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "resource-groups:CreateGroup",
        "resource-groups:DeleteGroup"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:resource-groups:*:*:group/ApplicationInsights-*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "ElasticLoadBalancing",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "elasticloadbalancing:DescribeLoadBalancers",
        "elasticloadbalancing:DescribeTargetGroups",
        "elasticloadbalancing:DescribeTargetHealth"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "AutoScaling",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "autoscaling:DescribeAutoScalingGroups"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "SSMParameter",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "ssm:PutParameter",
        "ssm:DeleteParameter",
        "ssm:AddTagsToResource",
        "ssm:RemoveTagsFromResource",
        "ssm:GetParameters"
      ],
      "Resource": "arn:aws:ssm:*:*:parameter/AmazonCloudWatch-ApplicationInsights-*"
    },
    {
      "Sid": "SSMAssociation",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "ssm:CreateAssociation",
        "ssm:UpdateAssociation",
        "ssm:DeleteAssociation",
        "ssm:DescribeAssociation"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:ec2:*:*:instance/*",
        "arn:aws:ssm:*:*:association/*",
        "arn:aws:ssm:*:*:managed-instance/*",
        "arn:aws:ssm:*:*:document/AWSEC2-ApplicationInsightsCloudwatchAgentInstallAndConfigure",
        "arn:aws:ssm:*:*:document/AWS-ConfigureAWSPackage",
        "arn:aws:ssm:*:*:document/AmazonCloudWatch-ManageAgent"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "SSMOpsItem",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "ssm:GetOpsItem",
        "ssm:CreateOpsItem",
        "ssm:DescribeOpsItems",
        "ssm:UpdateOpsItem",
        "ssm:DescribeInstanceInformation"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "SSMTags",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "ssm:AddTagsToResource"
      ],
      "Resource": "arn:aws:ssm:*:*:opsitem/*"
    },
    {
      "Sid": "SSMGetCommandInvocation",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "ssm:ListCommandInvocations",
        "ssm:GetCommandInvocation"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "SSMSendCommand",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": "ssm:SendCommand",
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:ec2:*:*:instance/*",
        "arn:aws:ssm:*:*:document/AWSEC2-CheckPerformanceCounterSets",
        "arn:aws:ssm:*:*:document/AWS-ConfigureAWSPackage",
        "arn:aws:ssm:*:*:document/AWSEC2-DetectWorkload",
        "arn:aws:ssm:*:*:document/AmazonCloudWatch-ManageAgent"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "EC2",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "ec2:DescribeInstances",
        "ec2:DescribeVolumes",
        "ec2:DescribeVolumeStatus",
        "ec2:DescribeVpcs",
        "ec2:DescribeVpcAttribute",
        "ec2:DescribeNatGateways"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "RDS",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "rds:DescribeDBInstances",
        "rds:DescribeDBClusters"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "Lambda",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "lambda:ListFunctions",
        "lambda:GetFunctionConfiguration",
        "lambda:ListEventSourceMappings"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "EventBridgeManagedRule",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "events:PutRule",
        "events:PutTargets",
        "events:RemoveTargets",
        "events:DeleteRule"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:events:*:*:rule/AmazonCloudWatch-ApplicationInsights-*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "XRay",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "xray:GetServiceGraph",
        "xray:GetTraceSummaries",
        "xray:GetTimeSeriesServiceStatistics",
        "xray:GetTraceGraph"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "DynamoDB",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "dynamodb:ListTables",
        "dynamodb:DescribeTable",
        "dynamodb:DescribeContributorInsights",
        "dynamodb:DescribeTimeToLive"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "ApplicationAutoscaling",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "application-autoscaling:DescribeScalableTargets"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "S3",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "s3:ListAllMyBuckets",
        "s3:GetMetricsConfiguration",
        "s3:GetReplicationConfiguration"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "States",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "states:ListStateMachines",
        "states:DescribeExecution",
        "states:DescribeStateMachine",
        "states:GetExecutionHistory"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "APIGateway",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "apigateway:GET"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "ECS",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "ecs:DescribeClusters",
        "ecs:DescribeContainerInstances",
        "ecs:DescribeServices",
        "ecs:DescribeTaskDefinition",
        "ecs:DescribeTasks",
        "ecs:DescribeTaskSets",
        "ecs:ListClusters",
        "ecs:ListContainerInstances",
        "ecs:ListServices",
        "ecs:ListTasks"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "ECSCluster",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "ecs:UpdateClusterSettings"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:ecs:*:*:cluster/*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "EKS",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "eks:DescribeCluster",
        "eks:DescribeFargateProfile",
        "eks:DescribeNodegroup",
        "eks:ListClusters",
        "eks:ListFargateProfiles",
        "eks:ListNodegroups",
        "fsx:DescribeFileSystems",
        "fsx:DescribeVolumes"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "SNS",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "sns:GetSubscriptionAttributes",
        "sns:GetTopicAttributes",
        "sns:GetSMSAttributes",
        "sns:ListSubscriptionsByTopic",
        "sns:ListTopics"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "SQS",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "sqs:ListQueues"
      ],
      "Resource": "*"
    },
    {
      "Sid": "CloudWatchLogsDeleteSubscriptionFilter",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "logs:DeleteSubscriptionFilter"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:logs:*:*:log-group:*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "CloudWatchLogsCreateSubscriptionFilter",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "logs:PutSubscriptionFilter"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:logs:*:*:log-group:*",
        "arn:aws:logs:*:*:destination:AmazonCloudWatch-ApplicationInsights-LogIngestionDestination*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "EFS",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "elasticfilesystem:DescribeFileSystems"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "Route53",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "route53:GetHostedZone",
        "route53:GetHealthCheck",
        "route53:ListHostedZones",
        "route53:ListHealthChecks",
        "route53:ListQueryLoggingConfigs"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid": "Route53Resolver",
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "route53resolver:ListFirewallRuleGroupAssociations",
        "route53resolver:GetFirewallRuleGroup",
        "route53resolver:ListFirewallRuleGroups",
        "route53resolver:ListResolverEndpoints",
        "route53resolver:GetResolverQueryLogConfig",
        "route53resolver:ListResolverQueryLogConfigs",
        "route53resolver:ListResolverQueryLogConfigAssociations",
        "route53resolver:GetResolverEndpoint",
        "route53resolver:GetFirewallRuleGroupAssociation"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "*"
      ]
    }
  ]
}
```

------

您必须配置权限，允许 IAM 实体（如用户、组或角色）创建、编辑或删除服务关联角色。有关更多信息，请参阅《IAM 用户指南》**中的[服务关联角色权限](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/IAM/latest/UserGuide/using-service-linked-roles.html#service-linked-role-permissions)。

## 为 CloudWatch Application Insights 创建服务相关角色
<a name="create-service-linked-role"></a>

您无需手动创建服务关联角色。当您在 Amazon Web Services 管理控制台 中创建新的 Application Insights 应用程序时，CloudWatch Application Insights 将为您创建服务相关角色。

如果删除该服务相关角色，然后希望再次创建该角色，您可以使用相同的过程在您的账户中重新创建该角色。当您创建新的 Application Insights 应用程序时，CloudWatch Application Insights 将为您再次创建服务相关角色。

## 为 CloudWatch Application Insights 编辑服务相关角色
<a name="edit-slr"></a>

CloudWatch Application Insights 不允许您编辑 AWSServiceRoleForApplicationInsights 服务相关角色。创建服务关联角色后，您将无法更改角色的名称，因为可能有多种实体引用该角色。但是可以使用 IAM 编辑角色描述。有关更多信息，请参阅《IAM 用户指南》**中的[编辑服务关联角色](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/IAM/latest/UserGuide/using-service-linked-roles.html#edit-service-linked-role)。

## 为 CloudWatch Application Insights 删除服务相关角色
<a name="delete-service-linked-role"></a>

如果不再需要使用某个需要服务关联角色的功能或服务，我们建议您删除该角色。这样，您就可以避免使用当前未监控或维护的未使用实体。不过，您必须先删除 Application Insights 中的所有应用程序，然后才能手动删除该角色。

**注意**  
在尝试删除资源时，如果 CloudWatch Application Insights 服务正在使用该角色，删除可能会失败。如果发生这种情况，请等待几分钟后重试。

**若要删除 AWSServiceRoleForApplicationInsights 使用的 CloudWatch Application Insights 资源**
+ 删除所有 CloudWatch Application Insights 应用程序。有关更多信息，请参阅《CloudWatch Application Insights 用户指南》中的“删除应用程序”。

**使用 IAM 手动删除服务关联角色**

使用 IAM 控制台、Amazon CLI 或 Amazon API 删除 AWSServiceRoleForApplicationInsights 服务相关角色。有关更多信息，请参见《IAM 用户指南》**中的[删除服务相关角色](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/IAM/latest/UserGuide/using-service-linked-roles.html#delete-service-linked-role)。

## CloudWatch Application Insights 服务相关角色支持的区域
<a name="slr-regions"></a>

CloudWatch Application Insights 支持在服务可用的所有 Amazon 区域中使用服务相关角色。有关更多信息，请参阅 [CloudWatch Application Insights 区域和端点](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/general/latest/gr/applicationinsights.html)。