示例代码：使用多重验证请求凭证

要获取 IAM 身份的一组短期凭证

以下 get-session-token 命令将检索进行调用的 IAM 身份的一组短期凭证。生成的凭证可用于策略要求多重身份验证（MFA）的请求。凭证在生成 15 分钟后过期。

aws sts get-session-token \
    --duration-seconds 900 \
    --serial-number "YourMFADeviceSerialNumber" \
    --token-code 123456

输出：

{
    "Credentials": {
        "AccessKeyId": "ASIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE",
        "SecretAccessKey": "wJalrXUtnFEMI/K7MDENG/bPxRfiCYzEXAMPLEKEY",
        "SessionToken": "AQoEXAMPLEH4aoAH0gNCAPyJxz4BlCFFxWNE1OPTgk5TthT+FvwqnKwRcOIfrRh3c/LTo6UDdyJwOOvEVPvLXCrrrUtdnniCEXAMPLE/IvU1dYUg2RVAJBanLiHb4IgRmpRV3zrkuWJOgQs8IZZaIv2BXIa2R4OlgkBN9bkUDNCJiBeb/AXlzBBko7b15fjrBs2+cTQtpZ3CYWFXG8C5zqx37wnOE49mRl/+OtkIKGO7fAE",
        "Expiration": "2020-05-19T18:06:10+00:00"
    }
}

有关更多信息，请参阅《Amazon IAM 用户指南》中的请求临时安全凭证。

示例 1：返回包含在设定时间段内有效的临时凭证的 Amazon.RuntimeAWSCredentials 实例。用于请求临时凭证的凭证是根据当前 shell 默认值推断出来的。要指定其他凭证，请使用 -ProfileName 或 -AccessKey/-SecretKey 参数。

Get-STSSessionToken

输出：

AccessKeyId                             Expiration                              SecretAccessKey                        SessionToken
-----------                             ----------                              ---------------                        ------------
EXAMPLEACCESSKEYID                      2/16/2015 9:12:28 PM                    examplesecretaccesskey...              SamPleTokeN.....

示例 2：返回包含有效期为一小时的临时凭证的 Amazon.RuntimeAWSCredentials 实例。用于发出请求的凭证是从指定的配置文件中获得的。

Get-STSSessionToken -DurationInSeconds 3600 -ProfileName myprofile

输出：

AccessKeyId                             Expiration                              SecretAccessKey                        SessionToken
-----------                             ----------                              ---------------                        ------------
EXAMPLEACCESSKEYID                      2/16/2015 9:12:28 PM                    examplesecretaccesskey...              SamPleTokeN.....

示例 3：使用与其凭证在配置文件“myprofilename”中指定的账户关联的 MFA 设备的标识号和该设备提供的值，返回包含有效期为一小时的临时凭证的 Amazon.RuntimeAWSCredentials 实例。

Get-STSSessionToken -DurationInSeconds 3600 -ProfileName myprofile -SerialNumber YourMFADeviceSerialNumber -TokenCode 123456

输出：

AccessKeyId                             Expiration                              SecretAccessKey                        SessionToken
-----------                             ----------                              ---------------                        ------------
EXAMPLEACCESSKEYID                      2/16/2015 9:12:28 PM                    examplesecretaccesskey...              SamPleTokeN.....

通过传递 MFA 令牌获取会话令牌，然后使用令牌列出账户的 Amazon S3 存储桶。

def list_buckets_with_session_token_with_mfa(mfa_serial_number, mfa_totp, sts_client):
    """
    Gets a session token with MFA credentials and uses the temporary session
    credentials to list Amazon S3 buckets.

    Requires an MFA device serial number and token.

    :param mfa_serial_number: The serial number of the MFA device. For a virtual MFA
                              device, this is an Amazon Resource Name (ARN).
    :param mfa_totp: A time-based, one-time password issued by the MFA device.
    :param sts_client: A Boto3 STS instance that has permission to assume the role.
    """
    if mfa_serial_number is not None:
        response = sts_client.get_session_token(
            SerialNumber=mfa_serial_number, TokenCode=mfa_totp
        )
    else:
        response = sts_client.get_session_token()
    temp_credentials = response["Credentials"]

    s3_resource = boto3.resource(
        "s3",
        aws_access_key_id=temp_credentials["AccessKeyId"],
        aws_secret_access_key=temp_credentials["SecretAccessKey"],
        aws_session_token=temp_credentials["SessionToken"],
    )

    print(f"Buckets for the account:")
    for bucket in s3_resource.buckets.all():
        print(bucket.name)

using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Amazon;
using Amazon.SecurityToken;
using Amazon.SecurityToken.Model;

namespace AssumeRoleExample
{
    class AssumeRole
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// This example shows how to use the AWS Security Token
        /// Service (AWS STS) to assume an IAM role.
        ///
        /// NOTE: It is important that the role that will be assumed has a
        /// trust relationship with the account that will assume the role.
        ///
        /// Before you run the example, you need to create the role you want to
        /// assume and have it trust the IAM account that will assume that role.
        ///
        /// See https://docs.aws.amazon.com/IAM/latest/UserGuide/id_roles_create.html
        /// for help in working with roles.
        /// </summary>

        private static readonly RegionEndpoint REGION = RegionEndpoint.USWest2;

        static async Task Main()
        {
            // Create the SecurityToken client and then display the identity of the
            // default user.
            var roleArnToAssume = "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/testAssumeRole";

            var client = new Amazon.SecurityToken.AmazonSecurityTokenServiceClient(REGION);

            // Get and display the information about the identity of the default user.
            var callerIdRequest = new GetCallerIdentityRequest();
            var caller = await client.GetCallerIdentityAsync(callerIdRequest);
            Console.WriteLine($"Original Caller: {caller.Arn}");

            // Create the request to use with the AssumeRoleAsync call.
            var assumeRoleReq = new AssumeRoleRequest()
            {
                DurationSeconds = 1600,
                RoleSessionName = "Session1",
                RoleArn = roleArnToAssume
            };

            var assumeRoleRes = await client.AssumeRoleAsync(assumeRoleReq);

            // Now create a new client based on the credentials of the caller assuming the role.
            var client2 = new AmazonSecurityTokenServiceClient(credentials: assumeRoleRes.Credentials);

            // Get and display information about the caller that has assumed the defined role.
            var caller2 = await client2.GetCallerIdentityAsync(callerIdRequest);
            Console.WriteLine($"AssumedRole Caller: {caller2.Arn}");
        }
    }
}

###############################################################################
# function iecho
#
# This function enables the script to display the specified text only if
# the global variable $VERBOSE is set to true.
###############################################################################
function iecho() {
  if [[ $VERBOSE == true ]]; then
    echo "$@"
  fi
}

###############################################################################
# function errecho
#
# This function outputs everything sent to it to STDERR (standard error output).
###############################################################################
function errecho() {
  printf "%s\n" "$*" 1>&2
}

###############################################################################
# function sts_assume_role
#
# This function assumes a role in the AWS account and returns the temporary
#  credentials.
#
# Parameters:
#       -n role_session_name -- The name of the session.
#       -r role_arn -- The ARN of the role to assume.
#
# Returns:
#       [access_key_id, secret_access_key, session_token]
#     And:
#       0 - If successful.
#       1 - If an error occurred.
###############################################################################
function sts_assume_role() {
  local role_session_name role_arn response
  local option OPTARG # Required to use getopts command in a function.

  # bashsupport disable=BP5008
  function usage() {
    echo "function sts_assume_role"
    echo "Assumes a role in the AWS account and returns the temporary credentials:"
    echo "  -n role_session_name -- The name of the session."
    echo "  -r role_arn -- The ARN of the role to assume."
    echo ""
  }

  while getopts n:r:h option; do
    case "${option}" in
      n) role_session_name=${OPTARG} ;;
      r) role_arn=${OPTARG} ;;
      h)
        usage
        return 0
        ;;
      \?)
        ech o"Invalid parameter"
        usage
        return 1
        ;;
    esac
  done

  response=$(aws sts assume-role \
    --role-session-name "$role_session_name" \
    --role-arn "$role_arn" \
    --output text \
    --query "Credentials.[AccessKeyId, SecretAccessKey, SessionToken]")

  local error_code=${?}

  if [[ $error_code -ne 0 ]]; then
    aws_cli_error_log $error_code
    errecho "ERROR: AWS reports create-role operation failed.\n$response"
    return 1
  fi

  echo "$response"

  return 0
}

bool AwsDoc::STS::assumeRole(const Aws::String &roleArn,
                             const Aws::String &roleSessionName,
                             const Aws::String &externalId,
                             Aws::Auth::AWSCredentials &credentials,
                             const Aws::Client::ClientConfiguration &clientConfig) {
    Aws::STS::STSClient sts(clientConfig);
    Aws::STS::Model::AssumeRoleRequest sts_req;

    sts_req.SetRoleArn(roleArn);
    sts_req.SetRoleSessionName(roleSessionName);
    sts_req.SetExternalId(externalId);

    const Aws::STS::Model::AssumeRoleOutcome outcome = sts.AssumeRole(sts_req);

    if (!outcome.IsSuccess()) {
        std::cerr << "Error assuming IAM role. " <<
                  outcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl;
    }
    else {
        std::cout << "Credentials successfully retrieved." << std::endl;
        const Aws::STS::Model::AssumeRoleResult result = outcome.GetResult();
        const Aws::STS::Model::Credentials &temp_credentials = result.GetCredentials();

        // Store temporary credentials in return argument.
        // Note: The credentials object returned by assumeRole differs
        // from the AWSCredentials object used in most situations.
        credentials.SetAWSAccessKeyId(temp_credentials.GetAccessKeyId());
        credentials.SetAWSSecretKey(temp_credentials.GetSecretAccessKey());
        credentials.SetSessionToken(temp_credentials.GetSessionToken());
    }

    return outcome.IsSuccess();
}

要代入角色

以下 assume-role 命令将检索 IAM 角色 s3-access-example 的一组短期凭证。

aws sts assume-role \
    --role-arn arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/xaccounts3access \
    --role-session-name s3-access-example

输出：

{
    "AssumedRoleUser": {
        "AssumedRoleId": "AROA3XFRBF535PLBIFPI4:s3-access-example",
        "Arn": "arn:aws:sts::123456789012:assumed-role/xaccounts3access/s3-access-example"
    },
    "Credentials": {
        "SecretAccessKey": "9drTJvcXLB89EXAMPLELB8923FB892xMFI",
        "SessionToken": "AQoXdzELDDY//////////wEaoAK1wvxJY12r2IrDFT2IvAzTCn3zHoZ7YNtpiQLF0MqZye/qwjzP2iEXAMPLEbw/m3hsj8VBTkPORGvr9jM5sgP+w9IZWZnU+LWhmg+a5fDi2oTGUYcdg9uexQ4mtCHIHfi4citgqZTgco40Yqr4lIlo4V2b2Dyauk0eYFNebHtYlFVgAUj+7Indz3LU0aTWk1WKIjHmmMCIoTkyYp/k7kUG7moeEYKSitwQIi6Gjn+nyzM+PtoA3685ixzv0R7i5rjQi0YE0lf1oeie3bDiNHncmzosRM6SFiPzSvp6h/32xQuZsjcypmwsPSDtTPYcs0+YN/8BRi2/IcrxSpnWEXAMPLEXSDFTAQAM6Dl9zR0tXoybnlrZIwMLlMi1Kcgo5OytwU=",
        "Expiration": "2016-03-15T00:05:07Z",
        "AccessKeyId": "ASIAJEXAMPLEXEG2JICEA"
    }
}

该命令的输出包含访问密钥、私有密钥和会话令牌，您可以使用它们对 Amazon 进行身份验证。

要使用 Amazon CLI，则可以设置与角色关联的命名配置文件。使用配置文件时，Amazon CLI 将调用 assume-role 并为您管理凭证。有关更多信息，请参阅《Amazon CLI 用户指南》中的在 Amazon CLI 中使用 IAM 角色。

import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sts.StsClient;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sts.model.AssumeRoleRequest;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sts.model.StsException;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sts.model.AssumeRoleResponse;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sts.model.Credentials;
import java.time.Instant;
import java.time.ZoneId;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.time.format.FormatStyle;
import java.util.Locale;

/**
 * To make this code example work, create a Role that you want to assume.
 * Then define a Trust Relationship in the AWS Console. You can use this as an
 * example:
 *
 * {
 * "Version": "2012-10-17",
 * "Statement": [
 * {
 * "Effect": "Allow",
 * "Principal": {
 * "AWS": "<Specify the ARN of your IAM user you are using in this code
 * example>"
 * },
 * "Action": "sts:AssumeRole"
 * }
 * ]
 * }
 *
 * For more information, see "Editing the Trust Relationship for an Existing
 * Role" in the AWS Directory Service guide.
 *
 * Also, set up your development environment, including your credentials.
 *
 * For information, see this documentation topic:
 *
 * https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/latest/developer-guide/get-started.html
 */
public class AssumeRole {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        final String usage = """

                Usage:
                    <roleArn> <roleSessionName>\s

                Where:
                    roleArn - The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the role to assume (for example, rn:aws:iam::000008047983:role/s3role).\s
                    roleSessionName - An identifier for the assumed role session (for example, mysession).\s
                """;

        if (args.length != 2) {
            System.out.println(usage);
            System.exit(1);
        }

        String roleArn = args[0];
        String roleSessionName = args[1];
        Region region = Region.US_EAST_1;
        StsClient stsClient = StsClient.builder()
                .region(region)
                .build();

        assumeGivenRole(stsClient, roleArn, roleSessionName);
        stsClient.close();
    }

    public static void assumeGivenRole(StsClient stsClient, String roleArn, String roleSessionName) {
        try {
            AssumeRoleRequest roleRequest = AssumeRoleRequest.builder()
                    .roleArn(roleArn)
                    .roleSessionName(roleSessionName)
                    .build();

            AssumeRoleResponse roleResponse = stsClient.assumeRole(roleRequest);
            Credentials myCreds = roleResponse.credentials();

            // Display the time when the temp creds expire.
            Instant exTime = myCreds.expiration();
            String tokenInfo = myCreds.sessionToken();

            // Convert the Instant to readable date.
            DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofLocalizedDateTime(FormatStyle.SHORT)
                    .withLocale(Locale.US)
                    .withZone(ZoneId.systemDefault());

            formatter.format(exTime);
            System.out.println("The token " + tokenInfo + "  expires on " + exTime);

        } catch (StsException e) {
            System.err.println(e.getMessage());
            System.exit(1);
        }
    }
}

创建客户端。

import { STSClient } from "@aws-sdk/client-sts";
// Set the AWS Region.
const REGION = "us-east-1";
// Create an AWS STS service client object.
export const client = new STSClient({ region: REGION });

代入 IAM 角色。

import { AssumeRoleCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sts";

import { client } from "../libs/client.js";

export const main = async () => {
  try {
    // Returns a set of temporary security credentials that you can use to
    // access Amazon Web Services resources that you might not normally
    // have access to.
    const command = new AssumeRoleCommand({
      // The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the role to assume.
      RoleArn: "ROLE_ARN",
      // An identifier for the assumed role session.
      RoleSessionName: "session1",
      // The duration, in seconds, of the role session. The value specified
      // can range from 900 seconds (15 minutes) up to the maximum session
      // duration set for the role.
      DurationSeconds: 900,
    });
    const response = await client.send(command);
    console.log(response);
  } catch (err) {
    console.error(err);
  }
};

// Load the AWS SDK for Node.js
const AWS = require("aws-sdk");
// Set the region
AWS.config.update({ region: "REGION" });

var roleToAssume = {
  RoleArn: "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/RoleName",
  RoleSessionName: "session1",
  DurationSeconds: 900,
};
var roleCreds;

// Create the STS service object
var sts = new AWS.STS({ apiVersion: "2011-06-15" });

//Assume Role
sts.assumeRole(roleToAssume, function (err, data) {
  if (err) console.log(err, err.stack);
  else {
    roleCreds = {
      accessKeyId: data.Credentials.AccessKeyId,
      secretAccessKey: data.Credentials.SecretAccessKey,
      sessionToken: data.Credentials.SessionToken,
    };
    stsGetCallerIdentity(roleCreds);
  }
});

//Get Arn of current identity
function stsGetCallerIdentity(creds) {
  var stsParams = { credentials: creds };
  // Create STS service object
  var sts = new AWS.STS(stsParams);

  sts.getCallerIdentity({}, function (err, data) {
    if (err) {
      console.log(err, err.stack);
    } else {
      console.log(data.Arn);
    }
  });
}

示例 1：返回一组临时凭证（访问密钥、秘密密钥和会话令牌），这些凭证可用于在一小时内访问请求用户通常可能无法访问的 Amazon 资源。返回的凭证具有所担任角色的访问策略和所提供策略允许的权限（您不能使用所提供策略授予超出所担任角色访问策略定义权限的权限）。

Use-STSRole -RoleSessionName "Bob" -RoleArn "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/demo" -Policy "...JSON policy..." -DurationInSeconds 3600

示例 2：返回一组有效期为一小时的临时凭证，其拥有的权限与所担任角色访问策略中定义的权限相同。

Use-STSRole -RoleSessionName "Bob" -RoleArn "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/demo" -DurationInSeconds 3600

示例 3：返回一组临时凭证，提供与用于执行 cmdlet 的用户凭证关联的 MFA 的序列号和生成的令牌。

Use-STSRole -RoleSessionName "Bob" -RoleArn "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/demo" -DurationInSeconds 3600 -SerialNumber "GAHT12345678" -TokenCode "123456"

示例 4：返回一组临时凭证，其已承担客户账户中定义的角色。对于第三方可以担任的每个角色，客户账户必须使用每次担任该角色时都必须在 -ExternalId 参数中传递的标识符来创建角色。

Use-STSRole -RoleSessionName "Bob" -RoleArn "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/demo" -DurationInSeconds 3600 -ExternalId "ABC123"

代入需要 MFA 令牌的 IAM 角色并使用临时凭证列出该账户的 Amazon S3 存储桶。

def list_buckets_from_assumed_role_with_mfa(
    assume_role_arn, session_name, mfa_serial_number, mfa_totp, sts_client
):
    """
    Assumes a role from another account and uses the temporary credentials from
    that role to list the Amazon S3 buckets that are owned by the other account.
    Requires an MFA device serial number and token.

    The assumed role must grant permission to list the buckets in the other account.

    :param assume_role_arn: The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the role that
                            grants access to list the other account's buckets.
    :param session_name: The name of the STS session.
    :param mfa_serial_number: The serial number of the MFA device. For a virtual MFA
                              device, this is an ARN.
    :param mfa_totp: A time-based, one-time password issued by the MFA device.
    :param sts_client: A Boto3 STS instance that has permission to assume the role.
    """
    response = sts_client.assume_role(
        RoleArn=assume_role_arn,
        RoleSessionName=session_name,
        SerialNumber=mfa_serial_number,
        TokenCode=mfa_totp,
    )
    temp_credentials = response["Credentials"]
    print(f"Assumed role {assume_role_arn} and got temporary credentials.")

    s3_resource = boto3.resource(
        "s3",
        aws_access_key_id=temp_credentials["AccessKeyId"],
        aws_secret_access_key=temp_credentials["SecretAccessKey"],
        aws_session_token=temp_credentials["SessionToken"],
    )

    print(f"Listing buckets for the assumed role's account:")
    for bucket in s3_resource.buckets.all():
        print(bucket.name)

  # Creates an AWS Security Token Service (AWS STS) client with specified credentials.
  # This is separated into a factory function so that it can be mocked for unit testing.
  #
  # @param key_id [String] The ID of the access key used by the STS client.
  # @param key_secret [String] The secret part of the access key used by the STS client.
  def create_sts_client(key_id, key_secret)
    Aws::STS::Client.new(access_key_id: key_id, secret_access_key: key_secret)
  end

  # Gets temporary credentials that can be used to assume a role.
  #
  # @param role_arn [String] The ARN of the role that is assumed when these credentials
  #                          are used.
  # @param sts_client [AWS::STS::Client] An AWS STS client.
  # @return [Aws::AssumeRoleCredentials] The credentials that can be used to assume the role.
  def assume_role(role_arn, sts_client)
    credentials = Aws::AssumeRoleCredentials.new(
      client: sts_client,
      role_arn: role_arn,
      role_session_name: 'create-use-assume-role-scenario'
    )
    @logger.info("Assumed role '#{role_arn}', got temporary credentials.")
    credentials
  end

async fn assume_role(config: &SdkConfig, role_name: String, session_name: Option<String>) {
    let provider = aws_config::sts::AssumeRoleProvider::builder(role_name)
        .session_name(session_name.unwrap_or("rust_sdk_example_session".into()))
        .configure(config)
        .build()
        .await;

    let local_config = aws_config::from_env()
        .credentials_provider(provider)
        .load()
        .await;
    let client = Client::new(&local_config);
    let req = client.get_caller_identity();
    let resp = req.send().await;
    match resp {
        Ok(e) => {
            println!("UserID :               {}", e.user_id().unwrap_or_default());
            println!("Account:               {}", e.account().unwrap_or_default());
            println!("Arn    :               {}", e.arn().unwrap_or_default());
        }
        Err(e) => println!("{:?}", e),
    }
}

import AWSSTS

    public func assumeRole(role: IAMClientTypes.Role, sessionName: String)
        async throws -> STSClientTypes.Credentials
    {
        let input = AssumeRoleInput(
            roleArn: role.arn,
            roleSessionName: sessionName
        )
        do {
            let output = try await stsClient.assumeRole(input: input)

            guard let credentials = output.credentials else {
                throw ServiceHandlerError.authError
            }

            return credentials
        } catch {
            print("Error assuming role: ", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }