DB instance class types - Amazon Relational Database Service
General-purposeMemory-optimizedCompute-optimizedBurstable-performanceOptimized Reads
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DB instance class types

Amazon RDS supports DB instance classes for the following use cases:

For more information about Amazon EC2 instance types, see Instance types in the Amazon EC2 documentation.

General-purpose instance class type

The following general-purpose DB instance classes are available:

  • db.m7g – General-purpose DB instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton3 processors. These instance classes deliver balanced compute, memory, and networking for a broad range of general-purpose workloads.

    You can modify a DB instance to use one of the DB instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton3 processors. To do so, complete the same steps as with any other DB instance modification.

  • db.m6g – General-purpose DB instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton2 processors. These instances deliver balanced compute, memory, and networking for a broad range of general-purpose workloads. The db.m6gd instance classes have local NVMe-based SSD block-level storage for applications that need high-speed, low latency local storage.

    You can modify a DB instance to use one of the DB instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton2 processors. To do so, complete the same steps as with any other DB instance modification.

  • db.m6i – General-purpose DB instance classes powered by 3rd Generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors. These instances are SAP Certified and ideal for workloads such as backend servers supporting enterprise applications, gaming servers, caching fleets, and application development environments. The db.m6id and db.m6idn instance classes offer up to 7.6 TB of local NVMe-based SSD storage, whereas db.m6in offers EBS-only storage. The db.m6in and db.m6idn classes offer up to 200 Gbps of network bandwidth.

  • db.m5 –General-purpose DB instance classes that provide a balance of compute, memory, and network resources, and are a good choice for many applications. The db.m5d instance class offers NVMe-based SSD storage that is physically connected to the host server. The db.m5 instance classes provide more computing capacity than the previous db.m4 instance classes. They are powered by the Amazon Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor.

  • db.m4 – General-purpose DB instance classes that provide more computing capacity than the previous db.m3 instance classes.

    For the RDS for Oracle DB engines, Amazon RDS no longer supports db.m4 DB instance classes. If you had previously created RDS for Oracle db.m4 DB instances, Amazon RDS automatically upgrades those DB instances to equivalent db.m5 DB instance classes.

    For the RDS for MariaDB, RDS for MySQL, RDS for SQL Server, and RDS for PostgreSQL DB engines, Amazon RDS has started the end-of-support process for this DB instance class using the following schedule. For all RDS DB instances that use this instance class, we recommend that you upgrade to a newer generation DB instance class as soon as possible.

    Action or recommendation Date

    Starting on this date, Amazon RDS began automatically upgrading instances using db.m4 to the newer generation db.m5 instance class. Creating DB instances using the db.m4 instance class is no longer supported.

    June 1, 2024

    Amazon RDS ends support for db.m4.

    December 31, 2024

  • db.m3 – General-purpose DB instance classes that provide more computing capacity than the previous db.m1 instance classes.

    For the RDS for MariaDB, RDS for MySQL, and RDS for PostgreSQL DB engines, Amazon RDS has started the end-of-life process for db.m3 DB instance classes using the following schedule, which includes upgrade recommendations. For all RDS DB instances that use db.m3 DB instance classes, we recommend that you upgrade to a higher generation DB instance class as soon as possible.

    Action or recommendation Dates

    You can no longer create RDS DB instances that use db.m3 DB instance classes.

    Now

    Amazon RDS started automatic upgrades of RDS DB instances that use db.m3 DB instance classes to equivalent db.m5 DB instance classes.

    February 1, 2023

Memory-optimized instance class type

The memory-optimized Z family supports the following instance classes:

  • db.z1d – Instance classes optimized for memory-intensive applications. These instance classes offer both high compute capacity and a high memory footprint. High frequency z1d instances deliver a sustained all-core frequency of up to 4.0 GHz.

The memory-optimized X family supports the following instance classes:

  • db.x2g – Instance classes optimized for memory-intensive applications and powered by Amazon Graviton2 processors. These instance classes offer low cost per GiB of memory.

    You can modify a DB instance to use one of the DB instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton2 processors. To do so, complete the same steps as with any other DB instance modification.

  • db.x2i – Instance classes optimized for memory-intensive applications. The db.x2iedn and db.x2idn instance class types are powered by third-generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors (Ice Lake). They include up to 3.8 TB of local NVMe SSD storage, up to 100 Gbps of networking bandwidth, and up to 4 TiB (db.x2iden) or 2 TiB (db.x2idn) of memory. The db.x2iezn type is powered by second-generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors (Cascade Lake) with an all-core turbo frequency of up to 4.5 GHz and up to 1.5 TiB of memory.

  • db.x1 – Instance classes optimized for memory-intensive applications. These instance classes offer one of the lowest price per GiB of RAM among the DB instance classes and up to 1,952 GiB of DRAM-based instance memory. The db.x1e instance class type offers up to 3,904 GiB of DRAM-based instance memory.

The memory-optimized R family supports the following instance class types:

  • db.r7g – Instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton3 processors. These instance classes are ideal for running memory-intensive workloads in open-source databases such as MySQL and PostgreSQL.

    You can modify a DB instance to use one of the DB instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton3 processors. To do so, complete the same steps as with any other DB instance modification.

  • db.r6g – Instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton2 processors. These instance classes are ideal for running memory-intensive workloads in open-source databases such as MySQL and PostgreSQL. The db.r6gd type offers local NVMe-based SSD block-level storage for applications that need high-speed, low latency local storage.

    You can modify a DB instance to use one of the DB instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton2 processors. To do so, complete the same steps as with any other DB instance modification.

  • db.r6i – Instance classes powered by 3rd Generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors. These instance classes are SAP-Certified and are an ideal fit for memory-intensive workloads in open-source databases such as MySQL and PostgreSQL. The db.r6id, db.r6in, and db.r6idn instance classes have a memory-to-vCPU ratio of 8:1 and a maximum memory of 1 TiB. The db.r6id and db.r6idn classes offer up to 7.6 TB of direct-attached NVMe-based SSD storage, whereas db.r6in offers EBS-only storage. The db.r6idn and db.r6in classes offer up to 200 Gbps of network bandwidth.

  • db.r5b – Instance classes that are memory-optimized for throughput-intensive applications. Powered by the Amazon Nitro System, db.r5b instances deliver up to 60 Gbps bandwidth and 260,000 IOPS of EBS performance. This is the fastest block storage performance on EC2.

  • db.r5d – Instance classes that are optimized for low latency, very high random I/O performance, and high sequential read throughput.

  • db.r5 – Instance classes optimized for memory-intensive applications. These instance classes offer improved networking performance. They are powered by the Amazon Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor.

  • db.r4 – Instance classes that provide improved networking over previous db.r3 instance classes.

    For the RDS for Oracle DB engines, Amazon RDS has started the end-of-life process for db.r4 DB instance classes using the following schedule, which includes upgrade recommendations. For RDS for Oracle DB instances that use db.r4 instance classes, we recommend that you upgrade to a higher generation instance class as soon as possible.

    Action or recommendation Dates

    You can no longer create RDS for Oracle DB instances that use db.r4 DB instance classes.

    


    Now

    Amazon RDS started automatic upgrades of RDS for Oracle DB instances that use db.r4 DB instance classes to equivalent db.r5 DB instance classes.

    April 17, 2023

    For the RDS for MariaDB, RDS for MySQL, RDS for SQL Server, and RDS for PostgreSQL DB engines, Amazon RDS has started the end-of-support process for this DB instance class using the following schedule. For all RDS DB instances that use this instance class, we recommend that you upgrade to a newer generation DB instance class as soon as possible.

    Action or recommendation Dates

    Starting on this date, Amazon RDS began automatically upgrading instances using db.r4 to the newer generation db.r5 instance class. Creating DB instances using the db.m4 instance class is no longer supported.

    June 1, 2024

    Amazon RDS ends support for db.r4.

    December 31, 2024

  • db.r3 – Instance classes that provide memory optimization.

    For the RDS for MariaDB, RDS for MySQL, and RDS for PostgreSQL DB engines, Amazon RDS has started the end-of-life process for db.r3 DB instance classes using the following schedule, which includes upgrade recommendations. For all RDS DB instances that use db.r3 DB instance classes, we recommend that you upgrade to a higher generation DB instance class as soon as possible.

    Action or recommendation Dates

    You can no longer create RDS DB instances that use db.r3 DB instance classes.

    Now

    Amazon RDS started automatic upgrades of RDS DB instances that use db.r3 DB instance classes to equivalent db.r5 DB instance classes.

    February 1, 2023

Compute-optimized instance class type

The following compute-optimized instance class types are available:

  • db.c6gd – Instance classes that are ideal for running advanced compute-intensive workloads. Powered by Amazon Graviton2 processors, these instance classes offer local NVMe-based SSD block-level storage for applications that need high-speed, low latency local storage.

    Note

    The c6gd instance classes are supported only for Multi-AZ DB cluster deployments. They're the only instance class supported for Multi-AZ DB clusters that offer the medium instance size. For more information, see Multi-AZ DB cluster deployments.

Burstable-performance instance class types

The following burstable-performance DB instance class types are available:

  • db.t4g – General-purpose instance classes powered by Arm-based Amazon Graviton2 processors. These instance classes deliver better price performance than previous burstable-performance DB instance classes for a broad set of burstable general-purpose workloads. Amazon RDS db.t4g instances are configured for Unlimited mode. This means that they can burst beyond the baseline over a 24-hour window for an additional charge.

    You can modify a DB instance to use one of the DB instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton2 processors. To do so, complete the same steps as with any other DB instance modification.

  • db.t3 – Instance classes that provide a baseline performance level, with the ability to burst to full CPU usage. The db.t3 instances are configured for Unlimited mode. These instance classes provide more computing capacity than the previous db.t2 instance classes. They are powered by the Amazon Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor.

  • db.t2 – Instance classes that provide a baseline performance level, with the ability to burst to full CPU usage. The db.t2 instances are configured for Unlimited mode. We recommend using these instance classes only for development and test servers, or other non-production servers.

    For the RDS for MariaDB, RDS for MySQL, RDS for SQL Server, and RDS for PostgreSQL DB engines, Amazon RDS has started the end-of-support process for this DB instance class using the following schedule. For all RDS DB instances that use this instance class, we recommend that you upgrade to a newer generation DB instance class as soon as possible.

    Action or recommendation Dates

    Starting on this date, Amazon RDS began automatically upgrading instances using db.t2 to the newer generation db.t3 instance class. Creating DB instances using the db.t2 instance class is no longer supported.

    June 1, 2024

    Amazon RDS ends support for db.t2.

    December 31, 2024
Note

The DB instance classes that use the Amazon Nitro System (db.m5, db.r5, db.t3) are throttled on combined read plus write workload.

For DB instance class hardware specifications, see Hardware specifications for DB instance classes.

Optimized Reads instance class type

The following Optimized Reads instance class types are available:

  • db.r6gd – Instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton2 processors. These instance classes are ideal for running memory-intensive workloads and offer local NVMe-based SSD block-level storage for applications that need high-speed, low latency local storage.

  • db.r6id – Instance classes powered by 3rd Generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors. These instance classes are SAP-Certified and are an ideal fit for memory-intensive workloads. They offer a maximum memory of 1 TiB and up to 7.6 TB of direct-attached NVMe-based SSD storage.