**This page is only for existing customers of the Amazon Glacier service using Vaults and the original REST API from 2012.** If you're looking for archival storage solutions, we recommend using the Amazon Glacier storage classes in Amazon S3, S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval, S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval, and S3 Glacier Deep Archive. To learn more about these storage options, see [Amazon Glacier storage classes](https://www.amazonaws.cn/s3/storage-classes/glacier/). Amazon Glacier (original standalone vault-based service) is no longer accepting new customers. Amazon Glacier is a standalone service with its own APIs that stores data in vaults and is distinct from Amazon S3 and the Amazon S3 Glacier storage classes. Your existing data will remain secure and accessible in Amazon Glacier indefinitely. No migration is required. For low-cost, long-term archival storage, Amazon recommends the [Amazon S3 Glacier storage classes](https://www.amazonaws.cn/s3/storage-classes/glacier/), which deliver a superior customer experience with S3 bucket-based APIs, full Amazon Web Services Region availability, lower costs, and Amazon service integration. If you want enhanced capabilities, consider migrating to Amazon S3 Glacier storage classes by using our [Amazon Solutions Guidance for transferring data from Amazon Glacier vaults to Amazon S3 Glacier storage classes](https://www.amazonaws.cn/solutions/guidance/data-transfer-from-amazon-s3-glacier-vaults-to-amazon-s3/). # Step 3: Upload an Archive to a Vault in Amazon Glacier Step 3: Upload an Archive to a Vault In this step, you'll upload a sample archive to the vault that you created in the preceding step (see [Step 2: Create a Vault in Amazon Glacier](getting-started-create-vault.md)). Depending on the development platform that you're using, choose one of the links at the end of this section. **Important** Any archive operation, such as upload, download, or deletion, requires you to use the Amazon Command Line Interface (CLI) or write code. There is no console support for archive operations. For example, to upload data, such as photos, videos, and other documents, you must either use the Amazon CLI or write code to make requests, by using either the REST API directly or by using the Amazon SDKs. To install the Amazon CLI, see [Amazon Command Line Interface](http://www.amazonaws.cn/cli/). For more information about using Amazon Glacier with the Amazon CLI, see [Amazon CLI Reference for Amazon Glacier](http://docs.amazonaws.cn/cli/latest/reference/glacier/index.html). For examples of using the Amazon CLI to upload archives to Amazon Glacier, see [Using Amazon Glacier with the Amazon Command Line Interface](http://docs.amazonaws.cn/cli/latest/userguide/cli-using-glacier.html). An archive is any object, such as a photo, video, or document, that you store in a vault. An archive is the base unit of storage in Amazon Glacier. You can upload an archive in a single request. For large archives, Amazon Glacier provides a multipart upload API operation that enables you to upload an archive in parts. In this getting started section, you upload a sample archive in a single request. For this exercise, you specify a file that is smaller in size. For larger files, multipart upload is suitable. For more information, see [Uploading Large Archives in Parts (Multipart Upload)](uploading-archive-mpu.md). **Topics** + [ # Upload an Archive to a Vault in Amazon Glacier by Using the Amazon SDK for Java ](getting-started-upload-archive-java.md) + [ # Upload an Archive to a Vault in Amazon Glacier by Using the Amazon SDK for .NET ](getting-started-upload-archive-dotnet.md) # Upload an Archive to a Vault in Amazon Glacier by Using the Amazon SDK for Java Upload an Archive by Using Java The following Java code example uses the high-level API of the Amazon SDK for Java to upload a sample archive to the vault. In the code example, note the following: + The example creates an instance of the `AmazonGlacierClient` class. + The example uses the `upload` API operation of the `ArchiveTransferManager` class from the high-level API of the Amazon SDK for Java. + The example uses the US West (Oregon) Region (`us-west-2`). For step-by-step instructions on how to run this example, see [Running Java Examples for Amazon Glacier Using Eclipse](using-aws-sdk-for-java.md#setting-up-and-testing-sdk-java). You must update the code as shown with the name of the archive file that you want to upload. **Note** Amazon Glacier keeps an inventory of all the archives in your vaults. When you upload the archive in the following example, it will not appear in a vault in the management console until the vault inventory has been updated. This update usually happens once a day. **SDK for Java 2.x** There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [Amazon Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/javav2/example_code/glacier#code-examples). ``` import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.glacier.GlacierClient; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.glacier.model.UploadArchiveRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.glacier.model.UploadArchiveResponse; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.glacier.model.GlacierException; import java.io.File; import java.nio.file.Path; import java.nio.file.Paths; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.security.MessageDigest; import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; /** * Before running this Java V2 code example, set up your development * environment, including your credentials. * * For more information, see the following documentation topic: * * https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/latest/developer-guide/get-started.html */ public class UploadArchive { static final int ONE_MB = 1024 * 1024; public static void main(String[] args) { final String usage = """ Usage: \s Where: strPath - The path to the archive to upload (for example, C:\\AWS\\test.pdf). vaultName - The name of the vault. """; if (args.length != 2) { System.out.println(usage); System.exit(1); } String strPath = args[0]; String vaultName = args[1]; File myFile = new File(strPath); Path path = Paths.get(strPath); GlacierClient glacier = GlacierClient.builder() .region(Region.US_EAST_1) .build(); String archiveId = uploadContent(glacier, path, vaultName, myFile); System.out.println("The ID of the archived item is " + archiveId); glacier.close(); } public static String uploadContent(GlacierClient glacier, Path path, String vaultName, File myFile) { // Get an SHA-256 tree hash value. String checkVal = computeSHA256(myFile); try { UploadArchiveRequest uploadRequest = UploadArchiveRequest.builder() .vaultName(vaultName) .checksum(checkVal) .build(); UploadArchiveResponse res = glacier.uploadArchive(uploadRequest, path); return res.archiveId(); } catch (GlacierException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } return ""; } private static String computeSHA256(File inputFile) { try { byte[] treeHash = computeSHA256TreeHash(inputFile); System.out.printf("SHA-256 tree hash = %s\n", toHex(treeHash)); return toHex(treeHash); } catch (IOException ioe) { System.err.format("Exception when reading from file %s: %s", inputFile, ioe.getMessage()); System.exit(-1); } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException nsae) { System.err.format("Cannot locate MessageDigest algorithm for SHA-256: %s", nsae.getMessage()); System.exit(-1); } return ""; } public static byte[] computeSHA256TreeHash(File inputFile) throws IOException, NoSuchAlgorithmException { byte[][] chunkSHA256Hashes = getChunkSHA256Hashes(inputFile); return computeSHA256TreeHash(chunkSHA256Hashes); } /** * Computes an SHA256 checksum for each 1 MB chunk of the input file. This * includes the checksum for the last chunk, even if it's smaller than 1 MB. */ public static byte[][] getChunkSHA256Hashes(File file) throws IOException, NoSuchAlgorithmException { MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256"); long numChunks = file.length() / ONE_MB; if (file.length() % ONE_MB > 0) { numChunks++; } if (numChunks == 0) { return new byte[][] { md.digest() }; } byte[][] chunkSHA256Hashes = new byte[(int) numChunks][]; FileInputStream fileStream = null; try { fileStream = new FileInputStream(file); byte[] buff = new byte[ONE_MB]; int bytesRead; int idx = 0; while ((bytesRead = fileStream.read(buff, 0, ONE_MB)) > 0) { md.reset(); md.update(buff, 0, bytesRead); chunkSHA256Hashes[idx++] = md.digest(); } return chunkSHA256Hashes; } finally { if (fileStream != null) { try { fileStream.close(); } catch (IOException ioe) { System.err.printf("Exception while closing %s.\n %s", file.getName(), ioe.getMessage()); } } } } /** * Computes the SHA-256 tree hash for the passed array of 1 MB chunk * checksums. */ public static byte[] computeSHA256TreeHash(byte[][] chunkSHA256Hashes) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException { MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-256"); byte[][] prevLvlHashes = chunkSHA256Hashes; while (prevLvlHashes.length > 1) { int len = prevLvlHashes.length / 2; if (prevLvlHashes.length % 2 != 0) { len++; } byte[][] currLvlHashes = new byte[len][]; int j = 0; for (int i = 0; i < prevLvlHashes.length; i = i + 2, j++) { // If there are at least two elements remaining. if (prevLvlHashes.length - i > 1) { // Calculate a digest of the concatenated nodes. md.reset(); md.update(prevLvlHashes[i]); md.update(prevLvlHashes[i + 1]); currLvlHashes[j] = md.digest(); } else { // Take care of the remaining odd chunk currLvlHashes[j] = prevLvlHashes[i]; } } prevLvlHashes = currLvlHashes; } return prevLvlHashes[0]; } /** * Returns the hexadecimal representation of the input byte array */ public static String toHex(byte[] data) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(data.length * 2); for (byte datum : data) { String hex = Integer.toHexString(datum & 0xFF); if (hex.length() == 1) { // Append leading zero. sb.append("0"); } sb.append(hex); } return sb.toString().toLowerCase(); } } ``` + For API details, see [UploadArchive](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/goto/SdkForJavaV2/glacier-2012-06-01/UploadArchive) in *Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API Reference*. # Upload an Archive to a Vault in Amazon Glacier by Using the Amazon SDK for .NET Upload an Archive by Using .NET The following C\$1 code example uses the high-level API of the Amazon SDK for .NET to upload a sample archive to the vault. In the code example, note the following: + The example creates an instance of the `ArchiveTransferManager` class for the specified Amazon Glacier Region endpoint. + The code example uses the US West (Oregon) Region (`us-west-2`). + The example uses the `Upload` API operation of the `ArchiveTransferManager` class to upload your archive. For small archives, this operation uploads the archive directly to Amazon Glacier. For larger archives, this operation uses the multipart upload API operation in Amazon Glacier to split the upload into multiple parts for better error recovery, if any errors are encountered while streaming the data to Amazon Glacier. For step-by-step instructions on how to run the following example, see [Running Code Examples](using-aws-sdk-for-dot-net.md#setting-up-and-testing-sdk-dotnet). You must update the code as shown with the name of your vault and the name of the archive file to upload. **Note** Amazon Glacier keeps an inventory of all the archives in your vaults. When you upload the archive in the following example, the archive will not appear in a vault in the management console until the vault inventory has been updated. This update usually happens once a day. **Example — Uploading an Archive by Using the High-Level API of the Amazon SDK for .NET** ``` using System; using Amazon.Glacier; using Amazon.Glacier.Transfer; using Amazon.Runtime; namespace glacier.amazon.com.docsamples { class ArchiveUploadHighLevel_GettingStarted { static string vaultName = "examplevault"; static string archiveToUpload = "*** Provide file name (with full path) to upload ***"; public static void Main(string[] args) { try { var manager = new ArchiveTransferManager(Amazon.RegionEndpoint.USWest2); // Upload an archive. string archiveId = manager.Upload(vaultName, "getting started archive test", archiveToUpload).ArchiveId; Console.WriteLine("Copy and save the following Archive ID for the next step."); Console.WriteLine("Archive ID: {0}", archiveId); Console.WriteLine("To continue, press Enter"); Console.ReadKey(); } catch (AmazonGlacierException e) { Console.WriteLine(e.Message); } catch (AmazonServiceException e) { Console.WriteLine(e.Message); } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine(e.Message); } Console.WriteLine("To continue, press Enter"); Console.ReadKey(); } } } ```