Services or capabilities described in Amazon Web Services documentation might vary by Region. To see the differences applicable to the China Regions, see Getting Started with Amazon Web Services in China (PDF).

Troubleshooting mount issues

File system mount on Windows instance fails

A file system mount on an Amazon EC2 instance on Microsoft Windows fails.

Action to take

Don't use Amazon EFS with Windows EC2 instances, which isn't supported.

Access denied by server

A file system mount fails with the following message:

/efs mount.nfs4: access denied by server while mounting 127.0.0.1:/

This issue can occur if your NFS client does not have permission to mount the file system.

Action to take

If you are attempting to mount the file system using IAM, make sure you are using the -o iam option in your mount command. This tells the EFS mount helper to pass your credentials to the EFS mount target. If you still don't have access, check your file system policy and your identity policy to ensure there are no DENY clauses that apply to your connection, and that there is at least one ALLOW clause that applies to the connection. For more information, see Using IAM to control file system data access and Creating file system policies.

Automatic mounting fails and the instance is unresponsive

This issue can occur if the file system was mounted automatically on an instance and the _netdev option wasn't declared. If _netdev is missing, your EC2 instance might stop responding. This result is because network file systems need to be initialized after the compute instance starts its networking.

Action to take

If this issue occurs, contact Amazon Support.

Mounting multiple Amazon EFS file systems in /etc/fstab fails

For instances that use the systemd init system with two or more Amazon EFS entries at /etc/fstab, there might be times where some or all of these entries are not mounted. In this case, the dmesg output shows one or more lines similar to the following.

NFS: nfs4_discover_server_trunking unhandled error -512. Exiting with error EIO

Action to take

In this case, we recommend that you create a new systemd service file in /etc/systemd/system/mount-nfs-sequentially.service. The code to include in the file depends on whether you are manually mounting the file systems or using the Amazon EFS mount helper.

After you create the file, run the following two commands:

Then restart your Amazon EC2 instance. The file systems are mounted on demand, generally within a second.

Mount command fails with "wrong fs type" error message

The mount command fails with the following error message.

mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on 10.1.25.30:/, 
missing codepage or helper program, or other error (for several filesystems 
(e.g. nfs, cifs) you might need a /sbin/mount.<type> helper program)
In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so.

Action to take

If you receive this message, install the nfs-utils (or nfs-common on Ubuntu) package. For more information, see Installing the NFS client.

Mount command fails with "incorrect mount option" error message

The mount command fails with the following error message.

mount.nfs: an incorrect mount option was specified

Action to take

This error message most likely means that your Linux distribution doesn't support Network File System versions 4.0 and 4.1 (NFSv4). To confirm this is the case, you can run the following command.

$ grep CONFIG_NFS_V4_1 /boot/config*

If the preceding command returns # CONFIG_NFS_V4_1 is not set, NFSv4.1 is not supported on your Linux distribution. For a list of the Amazon Machine Images (AMIs) for Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) that support NFSv4.1, see NFS support.

Mounting with access point fails

The mount command fails when mounting with an access point, with the following error message:

mount.nfs4: mounting access_point failed, reason given by server: No such file or directory

Action to take

This error message indicates that the specified EFS path does not exist. Make sure that you provide the ownership and permissions for the access point root directory. EFS will not create the root directory without this information. For more information, see Working with Amazon EFS access points.

If you don't specify any root directory ownership and permissions, and the root directory does not already exist, EFS will not create the root directory. When this happens, any attempts to mount the file system using the access point will fail.

File system mount fails immediately after file system creation

It can take up to 90 seconds after creating a mount target for the Domain Name Service (DNS) records to propagate fully in an Amazon Web Services Region.

Action to take

If you're programmatically creating and mounting file systems, for example with an Amazon CloudFormation template, we recommend that you implement a wait condition.

File system mount hangs and then fails with timeout error

The file system mount command hangs for a minute or two, and then fails with a timeout error. The following code shows an example.

$ sudo mount -t nfs -o nfsvers=4.1,rsize=1048576,wsize=1048576,hard,timeo=600,retrans=2,noresvport mount-target-ip:/ mnt

[2+ minute wait here]
mount.nfs: Connection timed out
$ 

Action to take

This error can occur because either the Amazon EC2 instance or the mount target security groups are not configured properly. Make sure that the mount target security group has an inbound rule that allows NFS access from the EC2 security group.

For more information, see Creating security groups.

Verify that the mount target IP address that you specified is valid. If you specify the wrong IP address and there is nothing else at that IP address to reject the mount, you might experience this issue.

File system mount with NFS using DNS name fails

Attempts to mount a file system using an NFS client (not using the amazon-efs-utils client) using the file system's DNS name fails, as shown in the following example:

$ sudo mount -t nfs -o nfsvers=4.1,rsize=1048576,wsize=1048576,hard,timeo=600,retrans=2,noresvport file-system-id.efs.aws-region.amazonaws.com:/ mnt   
mount.nfs: Failed to resolve server file-system-id.efs.aws-region.amazonaws.com: 
  Name or service not known.   

$   

Action to take

Check your VPC configuration. If you are using a custom VPC, make sure that DNS settings are enabled. For more information, see DNS attributes for your VPC in the Amazon VPC User Guide. Also, file system and mount target DNS names are not resolvable from outside the VPC where they exist.

Before you can mount a file system using its DNS name in the mount command, you must do the following:

File system mount fails with "nfs not responding"

An Amazon EFS file system mount fails on a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) reconnection event with "nfs: server_name still not responding".

Action to take

Use the noresvport mount option to make sure that the NFS client uses a new TCP source port when a network connection is reestablished. Doing this helps ensure uninterrupted availability after a network recovery event.

Mount target lifecycle state is stuck

The mount target lifecycle state is stuck in the creating or deleting state.

Action to take

Retry the CreateMountTarget or DeleteMountTarget call.

Mount target lifecycle state shows error

The mount target lifecycle state shows as error.

Action to take

Amazon EFS cannot create the necessary Domain Name System (DNS)  records for new file system mount targets if the virtual private cloud (VPC) has conflicting hosted zones. Amazon EFS cannot create new records within a customer-owned hosted zone. If you need to maintain a hosted zone with a conflicting efs.<region>.amazonaws.com DNS range, create the hosted zone in a separate VPC. For more information about DNS considerations for VPC, see DNS attributes for your VPC.

To resolve this issue, delete the conflicting efs.<region>.amazonaws.com host from the VPC and create the mount target again. For more information about deleting the mount target, see Creating and managing mount targets and security groups.

Mount does not respond

An Amazon EFS mount appears unresponsive. For example, commands like ls hang.

Action to take

This error can occur if another application is writing large amounts of data to the file system. Access to the files that are being written might be blocked until the operation is complete. In general, any commands or applications that attempt to access files that are being written to might appear to hang. For example, the ls command might hang when it gets to the file that is being written. This result is because some Linux distributions alias the ls command so that it retrieves file attributes in addition to listing the directory contents.

To resolve this issue, verify that another application is writing files to the Amazon EFS mount, and that it is in the Uninterruptible sleep (D) state, as in the following example:

$ ps aux | grep large_io.py 
root 33253 0.5 0.0 126652 5020 pts/3 D+ 18:22 0:00 python large_io.py /efs/large_file

After you've verified that this is the case, you can address the issue by waiting for the other write operation to complete, or by implementing a workaround. In the example of ls, you can use the /bin/ls command directly, instead of an alias. Doing this allows the command to proceed without hanging on the file being written. In general, if the application writing the data can force a data flush periodically, perhaps by using fsync(2), doing so can help improve the responsiveness of your file system for other applications. However, this improvement might be at the expense of performance when the application writes data.

Mounted client gets disconnected

A client mounted to an Amazon EFS file system can occasionally become disconnected due to any number of causes. NFS clients are designed to automatically reconnect in case of interruption to minimize the impact of routine disconnections on application performance and availability. In most cases, clients transparently reconnect within seconds.

However, the NFS client software included in older versions of the Linux kernel (versions v5.4 and below) include a behavior that causes NFS clients to, upon disconnection, attempt reconnecting on the same TCP source port. This behavior does not comply with the TCP RFC, and can prevent these clients from quickly re-establishing connections to their NFS server (in this case, an EFS file system).

To resolve this issue, we strongly recommend that you use the Amazon EFS mount helper to mount your EFS file systems. The EFS mount helper uses mount settings that are optimized for Amazon EFS file systems. For more information about the EFS client and mount helper, see Using the amazon-efs-utils tools.

If you can't use the EFS mount helper, we strongly recommend using the noresvport NFS mount option, which instructs NFS clients to re-establish connections using new TCP source ports to avoid this issue. For more information, see Recommended NFS mount options.

Operations on newly mounted file system return "bad file handle" Error

Operations performed on a newly mounted file system return a bad file handle error.

This error can happen if an Amazon EC2 instance was connected to one file system and one mount target with a specified IP address, and then that file system and mount target were deleted. If you create a new file system and mount target to connect to that Amazon EC2 instance with the same mount target IP address, this issue can occur.

Action to take

You can resolve this error by unmounting the file system, and then remounting the file system on the Amazon EC2 instance. For more information about unmounting your Amazon EFS file system, see Unmounting file systems.

Unmounting a file system fails

If your file system is busy, you can't unmount it.

Action to take

You can resolve this issue in the following ways: