# Troubleshooting identity and access issues for Amazon IoT Greengrass
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Use the following information to help you diagnose and fix common issues that you might encounter when working with Amazon IoT Greengrass and IAM.

**Topics**
+ [I'm not authorized to perform an action in Amazon IoT Greengrass](#security_iam_troubleshoot-no-permissions)
+ [I'm not authorized to perform iam:PassRole](#security_iam_troubleshoot-passrole)
+ [I'm an administrator and want to allow others to access Amazon IoT Greengrass](#security_iam_troubleshoot-admin-delegate)
+ [I want to allow people outside of my Amazon Web Services account to access my Amazon IoT Greengrass resources](#security_iam_troubleshoot-cross-account-access)

For general troubleshooting help, see [Troubleshooting Amazon IoT Greengrass V2](troubleshooting.md).

## I'm not authorized to perform an action in Amazon IoT Greengrass
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If you receive an error that states you're not authorized to perform an action, you must contact your administrator for assistance. Your administrator is the person who provided you with your user name and password.

The following example error occurs when the `mateojackson` IAM user tries to view details about a core device, but does not have `greengrass:GetCoreDevice` permissions.

```
User: arn:aws-cn:iam::123456789012:user/mateojackson is not authorized to perform: greengrass:GetCoreDevice on resource: arn:aws-cn:greengrass:us-west-2:123456789012:coreDevices/MyGreengrassCore
```

In this case, Mateo asks his administrator to update his policies to allow him to access the `arn:aws-cn:greengrass:us-west-2:123456789012:coreDevices/MyGreengrassCore` resource using the `greengrass:GetCoreDevice` action.

The following are general IAM issues that you might encounter when working with Amazon IoT Greengrass.

## I'm not authorized to perform iam:PassRole
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If you receive an error that you're not authorized to perform the `iam:PassRole` action, your policies must be updated to allow you to pass a role to Amazon IoT Greengrass.

Some Amazon Web Services services allow you to pass an existing role to that service instead of creating a new service role or service-linked role. To do this, you must have permissions to pass the role to the service.

The following example error occurs when an IAM user named `marymajor` tries to use the console to perform an action in Amazon IoT Greengrass. However, the action requires the service to have permissions that are granted by a service role. Mary does not have permissions to pass the role to the service.

```
User: arn:aws-cn:iam::123456789012:user/marymajor is not authorized to perform: iam:PassRole
```

In this case, Mary's policies must be updated to allow her to perform the `iam:PassRole` action.

If you need help, contact your Amazon administrator. Your administrator is the person who provided you with your sign-in credentials.

## I'm an administrator and want to allow others to access Amazon IoT Greengrass
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To allow others to access Amazon IoT Greengrass, you must grant permission to the people or applications that need access. If you are using Amazon IAM Identity Center to manage people and applications, you assign permission sets to users or groups to define their level of access. Permission sets automatically create and assign IAM policies to IAM roles that are associated with the person or application. For more information, see [Permission sets](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/singlesignon/latest/userguide/permissionsetsconcept.html) in the *Amazon IAM Identity Center User Guide*.

If you are not using IAM Identity Center, you must create IAM entities (users or roles) for the people or applications that need access. You must then attach a policy to the entity that grants them the correct permissions in Amazon IoT Greengrass. After the permissions are granted, provide the credentials to the user or application developer. They will use those credentials to access Amazon. To learn more about creating IAM users, groups, policies, and permissions, see [IAM Identities](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/IAM/latest/UserGuide/id.html) and [Policies and permissions in IAM](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/IAM/latest/UserGuide/access_policies.html) in the *IAM User Guide*.

## I want to allow people outside of my Amazon Web Services account to access my Amazon IoT Greengrass resources
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You can create an IAM role that users in other accounts or people outside of your organization can use to access your Amazon resources. You can specify the who is trusted to assume the role. For more information, see [Providing access to an IAM user in another Amazon Web Services account that you own](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/IAM/latest/UserGuide/id_roles_common-scenarios_aws-accounts.html) and [Providing access to Amazon Web Services accounts owned by third parties](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/IAM/latest/UserGuide/id_roles_common-scenarios_third-party.html) in the *IAM User Guide*.

Amazon IoT Greengrass doesn't support cross-account access based on resource-based policies or access control lists (ACLs).