Elastic Load Balancing controls - Amazon Security Hub
[ELB.1] Application Load Balancer should be configured to redirect all HTTP requests to HTTPS[ELB.2] Classic Load Balancers with SSL/HTTPS listeners should use a certificate provided by Amazon Certificate Manager[ELB.3] Classic Load Balancer listeners should be configured with HTTPS or TLS termination[ELB.4] Application Load Balancer should be configured to drop http headers[ELB.5] Application and Classic Load Balancers logging should be enabled[ELB.6] Application, Gateway, and Network Load Balancers should have deletion protection enabled[ELB.7] Classic Load Balancers should have connection draining enabled[ELB.8] Classic Load Balancers with SSL listeners should use a predefined security policy that has strong Amazon Configuration[ELB.9] Classic Load Balancers should have cross-zone load balancing enabled[ELB.10] Classic Load Balancer should span multiple Availability Zones[ELB.12] Application Load Balancer should be configured with defensive or strictest desync mitigation mode[ELB.13] Application, Network and Gateway Load Balancers should span multiple Availability Zones[ELB.14] Classic Load Balancer should be configured with defensive or strictest desync mitigation mode[ELB.16] Application Load Balancers should be associated with an Amazon WAF web ACL
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Elastic Load Balancing controls

These controls are related to Elastic Load Balancing resources.

These controls may not be available in all Amazon Web Services Regions. For more information, see Availability of controls by Region.

[ELB.1] Application Load Balancer should be configured to redirect all HTTP requests to HTTPS

Related requirements: PCI DSS v3.2.1/2.3,PCI DSS v3.2.1/4.1, NIST.800-53.r5 AC-17(2), NIST.800-53.r5 AC-4, NIST.800-53.r5 IA-5(1), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-12(3), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-13, NIST.800-53.r5 SC-23, NIST.800-53.r5 SC-23(3), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-7(4), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-8, NIST.800-53.r5 SC-8(1), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-8(2), NIST.800-53.r5 SI-7(6)

Category: Detect > Detection services

Severity: Medium

Resource type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::LoadBalancer

Amazon Config rule: alb-http-to-https-redirection-check

Schedule type: Periodic

Parameters: None

This control checks whether HTTP to HTTPS redirection is configured on all HTTP listeners of Application Load Balancers. The control fails if any of the HTTP listeners of Application Load Balancers do not have HTTP to HTTPS redirection configured.

Before you start to use your Application Load Balancer, you must add one or more listeners. A listener is a process that uses the configured protocol and port to check for connection requests. Listeners support both the HTTP and HTTPS protocols. You can use an HTTPS listener to offload the work of encryption and decryption to your load balancer. To enforce encryption in transit, you should use redirect actions with Application Load Balancers to redirect client HTTP requests to an HTTPS request on port 443.

To learn more, see Listeners for your Application Load Balancers in User Guide for Application Load Balancers.

Remediation

To redirect HTTP requests to HTTPS, you must add an Application Load Balancer listener rule or edit an existing rule.

For instructions on adding a new rule, see Add a rule in the User Guide for Application Load Balancers. For Protocol : Port, choose HTTP, and then enter 80. For Add action, Redirect to, choose HTTPS, and then enter 443.

For instructions on editing an existing rule, see Edit a rule in the User Guide for Application Load Balancers. For Protocol : Port, choose HTTP, and then enter 80. For Add action, Redirect to, choose HTTPS, and then enter 443.

[ELB.2] Classic Load Balancers with SSL/HTTPS listeners should use a certificate provided by Amazon Certificate Manager

Related requirements: NIST.800-53.r5 AC-17(2), NIST.800-53.r5 AC-4, NIST.800-53.r5 IA-5(1), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-12(3), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-13, NIST.800-53.r5 SC-23, NIST.800-53.r5 SC-23(5), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-7(4), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-8, NIST.800-53.r5 SC-8(1), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-8(2), NIST.800-53.r5 SI-7(6)

Category: Protect > Data Protection > Encryption of data-in-transit

Severity: Medium

Resource type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancing::LoadBalancer

Amazon Config rule: elb-acm-certificate-required

Schedule type: Change triggered

Parameters: None

This control checks whether the Classic Load Balancer uses HTTPS/SSL certificates provided by Amazon Certificate Manager (ACM). The control fails if the Classic Load Balancer configured with HTTPS/SSL listener does not use a certificate provided by ACM.

To create a certificate, you can use either ACM or a tool that supports the SSL and TLS protocols, such as OpenSSL. Security Hub recommends that you use ACM to create or import certificates for your load balancer.

ACM integrates with Classic Load Balancers so that you can deploy the certificate on your load balancer. You also should automatically renew these certificates.

Remediation

For information about how to associate an ACM SSL/TLS certificate with a Classic Load Balancer, see the Amazon Knowledge Center article How can I associate an ACM SSL/TLS certificate with a Classic, Application, or Network Load Balancer?

[ELB.3] Classic Load Balancer listeners should be configured with HTTPS or TLS termination

Related requirements: NIST.800-53.r5 AC-17(2), NIST.800-53.r5 AC-4, NIST.800-53.r5 IA-5(1), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-12(3), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-13, NIST.800-53.r5 SC-23, NIST.800-53.r5 SC-23(3), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-7(4), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-8, NIST.800-53.r5 SC-8(1), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-8(2), NIST.800-53.r5 SI-7(6)

Category: Protect > Data Protection > Encryption of data-in-transit

Severity: Medium

Resource type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancing::LoadBalancer

Amazon Config rule: elb-tls-https-listeners-only

Schedule type: Change triggered

Parameters: None

This control checks whether your Classic Load Balancer listeners are configured with HTTPS or TLS protocol for front-end (client to load balancer) connections. The control is applicable if a Classic Load Balancer has listeners. If your Classic Load Balancer does not have a listener configured, then the control does not report any findings.

The control passes if the Classic Load Balancer listeners are configured with TLS or HTTPS for front-end connections.

The control fails if the listener is not configured with TLS or HTTPS for front-end connections.

Before you start to use a load balancer, you must add one or more listeners. A listener is a process that uses the configured protocol and port to check for connection requests. Listeners can support both HTTP and HTTPS/TLS protocols. You should always use an HTTPS or TLS listener, so that the load balancer does the work of encryption and decryption in transit.

Remediation

To remediate this issue, update your listeners to use the TLS or HTTPS protocol.

To change all noncompliant listeners to TLS/HTTPS listeners

  1. Open the Amazon EC2 console at https://console.amazonaws.cn/ec2/.

  2. In the navigation pane, under Load Balancing, choose Load Balancers.

  3. Select your Classic Load Balancer.

  4. On the Listeners tab, choose Edit.

  5. For all listeners where Load Balancer Protocol is not set to HTTPS or SSL, change the setting to HTTPS or SSL.

  6. For all modified listeners, on the Certificates tab, choose Change default.

  7. For ACM and IAM certificates, select a certificate.

  8. Choose Save as default.

  9. After you update all of the listeners, choose Save.

[ELB.4] Application Load Balancer should be configured to drop http headers

Related requirements: NIST.800-53.r5 SC-7(4), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-8(2)

Category: Protect > Network Security

Severity: Medium

Resource type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::LoadBalancer

Amazon Config rule: alb-http-drop-invalid-header-enabled

Schedule type: Change triggered

Parameters: None

This control evaluates Amazon Application Load Balancers to ensure they are configured to drop invalid HTTP headers. The control fails if the value of routing.http.drop_invalid_header_fields.enabled is set to false.

By default, Application Load Balancers are not configured to drop invalid HTTP header values. Removing these header values prevents HTTP desync attacks.

Note that you can disable this control if ELB.12 is enabled.

Remediation

To remediate this issue, configure your load balancer to drop invalid header fields.

To configure the load balancer to drop invalid header fields

  1. Open the Amazon EC2 console at https://console.amazonaws.cn/ec2/.

  2. In the navigation pane, choose Load balancers.

  3. Choose an Application Load Balancer.

  4. From Actions, choose Edit attributes.

  5. Under Drop Invalid Header Fields, choose Enable.

  6. Choose Save.

[ELB.5] Application and Classic Load Balancers logging should be enabled

Related requirements: NIST.800-53.r5 AC-4(26), NIST.800-53.r5 AU-10, NIST.800-53.r5 AU-12, NIST.800-53.r5 AU-2, NIST.800-53.r5 AU-3, NIST.800-53.r5 AU-6(3), NIST.800-53.r5 AU-6(4), NIST.800-53.r5 CA-7, NIST.800-53.r5 SC-7(9), NIST.800-53.r5 SI-7(8)

Category: Identify > Logging

Severity: Medium

Resource type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancing::LoadBalancer, AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::LoadBalancer

Amazon Config rule: elb-logging-enabled

Schedule type: Change triggered

Parameters: None

This control checks whether the Application Load Balancer and the Classic Load Balancerhave logging enabled. The control fails if access_logs.s3.enabled is false.

Elastic Load Balancing provides access logs that capture detailed information about requests sent to your load balancer. Each log contains information such as the time the request was received, the client's IP address, latencies, request paths, and server responses. You can use these access logs to analyze traffic patterns and to troubleshoot issues.

To learn more, see Access logs for your Classic Load Balancer in User Guide for Classic Load Balancers.

Remediation

To enable access logs, see Step 3: Configure access logs in the User Guide for Application Load Balancers.

[ELB.6] Application, Gateway, and Network Load Balancers should have deletion protection enabled

Related requirements: NIST.800-53.r5 CA-9(1), NIST.800-53.r5 CM-2, NIST.800-53.r5 CM-2(2), NIST.800-53.r5 CM-3, NIST.800-53.r5 SC-5(2)

Category: Recover > Resilience > High availability

Severity: Medium

Resource type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::LoadBalancer

Amazon Config rule: elb-deletion-protection-enabled

Schedule type: Change triggered

Parameters: None

This control checks whether an Application, Gateway, or Network Load Balancer has deletion protection enabled. The control fails if deletion protection is disabled.

Enable deletion protection to protect your Application, Gateway, or Network Load Balancer from deletion.

Remediation

To prevent your load balancer from being deleted accidentally, you can enable deletion protection. By default, deletion protection is disabled for your load balancer.

If you enable deletion protection for your load balancer, you must disable delete protection before you can delete the load balancer.

To enable deletion protection for an Application Load Balancer, see Deletion protection in the User Guide for Application Load Balancers. To enable deletion protection for a Gateway Load Balancer, see Deletion protection in the User Guide for Gateway Load Balancers. To enable deletion protection for a Network Load Balancer, see Deletion protection in the User Guide for Network Load Balancers.

[ELB.7] Classic Load Balancers should have connection draining enabled

Related requirements: NIST.800-53.r5 CA-9(1), NIST.800-53.r5 CM-2

Category: Recover > Resilience

Severity: Medium

Resource type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancing::LoadBalancer

Amazon Configrule: elb-connection-draining-enabled (custom Security Hub rule)

Schedule type: Change triggered

Parameters: None

This control checks whether Classic Load Balancers have connection draining enabled.

Enabling connection draining on Classic Load Balancers ensures that the load balancer stops sending requests to instances that are de-registering or unhealthy. It keeps the existing connections open. This is particularly useful for instances in Auto Scaling groups, to ensure that connections aren't severed abruptly.

Remediation

To enable connection draining on Classic Load Balancers, see Configure connection draining for your Classic Load Balancer in User Guide for Classic Load Balancers.

[ELB.8] Classic Load Balancers with SSL listeners should use a predefined security policy that has strong Amazon Configuration

Related requirements: NIST.800-53.r5 AC-17(2), NIST.800-53.r5 AC-4, NIST.800-53.r5 IA-5(1), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-12(3), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-13, NIST.800-53.r5 SC-23, NIST.800-53.r5 SC-23(3), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-7(4), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-8, NIST.800-53.r5 SC-8(1), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-8(2), NIST.800-53.r5 SI-7(6)

Category: Protect > Data Protection > Encryption of data-in-transit

Severity: Medium

Resource type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancing::LoadBalancer

Amazon Config rule: elb-predefined-security-policy-ssl-check

Schedule type: Change triggered

Parameters:

  • predefinedPolicyName: ELBSecurityPolicy-TLS-1-2-2017-01 (not customizable)

This control checks whether your Classic Load Balancer HTTPS/SSL listeners use the predefined policy ELBSecurityPolicy-TLS-1-2-2017-01. The control fails if the Classic Load Balancer HTTPS/SSL listeners do not use ELBSecurityPolicy-TLS-1-2-2017-01.

A security policy is a combination of SSL protocols, ciphers, and the Server Order Preference option. Predefined policies control the ciphers, protocols, and preference orders to support during SSL negotiations between a client and load balancer.

Using ELBSecurityPolicy-TLS-1-2-2017-01 can help you to meet compliance and security standards that require you to disable specific versions of SSL and TLS. For more information, see Predefined SSL security policies for Classic Load Balancers in User Guide for Classic Load Balancers.

Remediation

For information on how to use the predefined security policy ELBSecurityPolicy-TLS-1-2-2017-01 with a Classic Load Balancer, see Configure security settings in User Guide for Classic Load Balancers.

[ELB.9] Classic Load Balancers should have cross-zone load balancing enabled

Related requirements: NIST.800-53.r5 CP-10, NIST.800-53.r5 CP-6(2), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-36, NIST.800-53.r5 SC-5(2), NIST.800-53.r5 SI-13(5)

Category: Recover > Resilience > High availability

Severity: Medium

Resource type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancing::LoadBalancer

Amazon Config rule: elb-cross-zone-load-balancing-enabled

Schedule type: Change triggered

Parameters: None

This control checks if cross-zone load balancing is enabled for the Classic Load Balancers (CLBs). The control fails if cross-zone load balancing is not enabled for a CLB.

A load balancer node distributes traffic only across the registered targets in its Availability Zone. When cross-zone load balancing is disabled, each load balancer node distributes traffic only across the registered targets in its Availability Zone. If the number of registered targets is not same across the Availability Zones, traffic wont be distributed evenly and the instances in one zone may end up over utilized compared to the instances in another zone. With cross-zone load balancing enabled, each load balancer node for your Classic Load Balancer distributes requests evenly across the registered instances in all enabled Availability Zones. For details see Cross-zone load balancing in the Elastic Load Balancing User Guide.

Remediation

To enable cross-zone load balancing in a Classic Load Balancer, see Enable cross-zone load balancing in the User Guide for Classic Load Balancers.

[ELB.10] Classic Load Balancer should span multiple Availability Zones

Related requirements: NIST.800-53.r5 CP-10, NIST.800-53.r5 CP-6(2), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-36, NIST.800-53.r5 SC-5(2), NIST.800-53.r5 SI-13(5)

Category: Recover > Resilience > High availability

Severity: Medium

Resource type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancing::LoadBalancer

Amazon Config rule: clb-multiple-az

Schedule type: Change triggered

Parameters:

Parameter Description Type Allowed custom values Security Hub default value

minAvailabilityZones

Minimum number of Availability Zones

Enum

2, 3, 4, 5, 6

2

This control checks whether a Classic Load Balancer has been configured to span at least the specified number of Availability Zones (AZs). The control fails if the Classic Load Balancer does not span at least the specified number of AZs. Unless you provide a custom parameter value for the minimum number of AZs, Security Hub uses a default value of two AZs.

A Classic Load Balancer can be set up to distribute incoming requests across Amazon EC2 instances in a single Availability Zone or multiple Availability Zones. A Classic Load Balancer that does not span multiple Availability Zones is unable to redirect traffic to targets in another Availability Zone if the sole configured Availability Zone becomes unavailable.

Remediation

To add Availability Zones to a Classic Load Balancer, see Add or remove subnets for your Classic Load Balancer in the User Guide for Classic Load Balancers.

[ELB.12] Application Load Balancer should be configured with defensive or strictest desync mitigation mode

Related requirements: NIST.800-53.r5 AC-4(21), NIST.800-53.r5 CA-9(1), NIST.800-53.r5 CM-2

Category: Protect > Data Protection > Data integrity

Severity: Medium

Resource type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::LoadBalancer

Amazon Config rule: alb-desync-mode-check

Schedule type: Change triggered

Parameters:

  • desyncMode: defensive, strictest (not customizable)

This control checks whether an Application Load Balancer is configured with defensive or strictest desync mitigation mode. The control fails if an Application Load Balancer is not configured with defensive or strictest desync mitigation mode.

HTTP Desync issues can lead to request smuggling and make applications vulnerable to request queue or cache poisoning. In turn, these vulnerabilities can lead to credential stuffing or execution of unauthorized commands. Application Load Balancers configured with defensive or strictest desync mitigation mode protect your application from security issues that may be caused by HTTP Desync.

Remediation

To update desync mitigation mode of an Application Load Balancer, see Desync mitigation mode in the User Guide for Application Load Balancers.

[ELB.13] Application, Network and Gateway Load Balancers should span multiple Availability Zones

Related requirements: NIST.800-53.r5 CP-10, NIST.800-53.r5 CP-6(2), NIST.800-53.r5 SC-36, NIST.800-53.r5 SC-5(2), NIST.800-53.r5 SI-13(5)

Category: Recover > Resilience > High availability

Severity: Medium

Resource type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::LoadBalancer

Amazon Config rule: elbv2-multiple-az

Schedule type: Change triggered

Parameters:

Parameter Description Type Allowed custom values Security Hub default value

minAvailabilityZones

Minimum number of Availability Zones

Enum

2, 3, 4, 5, 6

2

This control checks whether an Elastic Load Balancer V2 (Application, Network, or Gateway Load Balancer) has registered instances from at least the specified number of Availability Zones (AZs). The control fails if an Elastic Load Balancer V2 doesn't have instances registered in at least the specified number of AZs. Unless you provide a custom parameter value for the minimum number of AZs, Security Hub uses a default value of two AZs.

Elastic Load Balancing automatically distributes your incoming traffic across multiple targets, such as EC2 instances, containers, and IP addresses, in one or more Availability Zones. Elastic Load Balancing scales your load balancer as your incoming traffic changes over time. It is recommended to configure at least two availability zones to ensure availability of services, as the Elastic Load Balancer will be able to direct traffic to another availability zone if one becomes unavailable. Having multiple availability zones configured will help eliminate having a single point of failure for the application.

Remediation

To add an Availability Zone to an Application Load Balancer, see Availability Zones for your Application Load Balancer in the User Guide for Application Load Balancers. To add an Availability Zone to an Network Load Balancer, see Network Load Balancers in the User Guide for Network Load Balancers. To add an Availability Zone to a Gateway Load Balancer, see Create a Gateway Load Balancer in the User Guide for Gateway Load Balancers.

[ELB.14] Classic Load Balancer should be configured with defensive or strictest desync mitigation mode

Related requirements: NIST.800-53.r5 AC-4(21), NIST.800-53.r5 CA-9(1), NIST.800-53.r5 CM-2

Category: Protect > Data Protection > Data integrity

Severity: Medium

Resource type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancing::LoadBalancer

Amazon Config rule: clb-desync-mode-check

Schedule type: Change triggered

Parameters:

  • desyncMode: defensive, strictest (not customizable)

This control checks whether a Classic Load Balancer is configured with defensive or strictest desync mitigation mode. The control fails if the Classic Load Balancer isn't configured with defensive or strictest desync mitigation mode.

HTTP Desync issues can lead to request smuggling and make applications vulnerable to request queue or cache poisoning. In turn, these vulnerabilities can lead to credential hijacking or execution of unauthorized commands. Classic Load Balancers configured with defensive or strictest desync mitigation mode protect your application from security issues that may be caused by HTTP Desync.

Remediation

To update desync mitigation mode on a Classic Load Balancer, see Modify desync mitigation mode in the User Guide for Classic Load Balancers.

[ELB.16] Application Load Balancers should be associated with an Amazon WAF web ACL

Related requirements: NIST.800-53.r5 AC-4(21)

Category: Protect > Protective services

Severity: Medium

Resource type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::LoadBalancer

Amazon Config rule: alb-waf-enabled

Schedule type: Change triggered

Parameters: None

This control checks whether an Application Load Balancer is associated with an Amazon WAF Classic or Amazon WAF web access control list (web ACL). The control fails if the Enabled field for the Amazon WAF configuration is set to false.

Amazon WAF is a web application firewall that helps protect web applications and APIs from attacks. With Amazon WAF, you can configure a web ACL, which is a set of rules that allow, block, or count web requests based on customizable web security rules and conditions that you define. We recommend associating your Application Load Balancer with an Amazon WAF web ACL to help protect it from malicious attacks.

Remediation

To associate an Application Load Balancer with a web ACL, see Associating or disassociating a web ACL with an Amazon resource in the Amazon WAF Developer Guide.