Subscribe - Amazon Simple Notification Service
Request ParametersResponse ElementsErrorsExamplesSee Also
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Subscribe

Subscribes an endpoint to an Amazon SNS topic. If the endpoint type is HTTP/S or email, or if the endpoint and the topic are not in the same Amazon Web Services account, the endpoint owner must run the ConfirmSubscription action to confirm the subscription.

You call the ConfirmSubscription action with the token from the subscription response. Confirmation tokens are valid for two days.

This action is throttled at 100 transactions per second (TPS).

Request Parameters

For information about the parameters that are common to all actions, see Common Parameters.

Attributes
Attributes.entry.N.key (key)
Attributes.entry.N.value (value)

A map of attributes with their corresponding values.

The following lists the names, descriptions, and values of the special request parameters that the Subscribe action uses:

  • DeliveryPolicy – The policy that defines how Amazon SNS retries failed deliveries to HTTP/S endpoints.

  • FilterPolicy – The simple JSON object that lets your subscriber receive only a subset of messages, rather than receiving every message published to the topic.

  • FilterPolicyScope – This attribute lets you choose the filtering scope by using one of the following string value types:

    • MessageAttributes (default) – The filter is applied on the message attributes.

    • MessageBody – The filter is applied on the message body.

  • RawMessageDelivery – When set to true, enables raw message delivery to Amazon SQS or HTTP/S endpoints. This eliminates the need for the endpoints to process JSON formatting, which is otherwise created for Amazon SNS metadata.

  • RedrivePolicy – When specified, sends undeliverable messages to the specified Amazon SQS dead-letter queue. Messages that can't be delivered due to client errors (for example, when the subscribed endpoint is unreachable) or server errors (for example, when the service that powers the subscribed endpoint becomes unavailable) are held in the dead-letter queue for further analysis or reprocessing.

The following attribute applies only to Amazon Data Firehose delivery stream subscriptions:

  • SubscriptionRoleArn – The ARN of the IAM role that has the following:

    • Permission to write to the Firehose delivery stream

    • Amazon SNS listed as a trusted entity

    Specifying a valid ARN for this attribute is required for Firehose delivery stream subscriptions. For more information, see Fanout to Firehose delivery streams in the Amazon SNS Developer Guide.

The following attributes apply only to FIFO topics:

  • ReplayPolicy – Adds or updates an inline policy document for a subscription to replay messages stored in the specified Amazon SNS topic.

  • ReplayStatus – Retrieves the status of the subscription message replay, which can be one of the following:

    • Completed – The replay has successfully redelivered all messages, and is now delivering newly published messages. If an ending point was specified in the ReplayPolicy then the subscription will no longer receive newly published messages.

    • In progress – The replay is currently replaying the selected messages.

    • Failed – The replay was unable to complete.

    • Pending – The default state while the replay initiates.

Type: String to string map

Required: No

Endpoint

The endpoint that you want to receive notifications. Endpoints vary by protocol:

  • For the http protocol, the (public) endpoint is a URL beginning with http://.

  • For the https protocol, the (public) endpoint is a URL beginning with https://.

  • For the email protocol, the endpoint is an email address.

  • For the email-json protocol, the endpoint is an email address.

  • For the sms protocol, the endpoint is a phone number of an SMS-enabled device.

  • For the sqs protocol, the endpoint is the ARN of an Amazon SQS queue.

  • For the application protocol, the endpoint is the EndpointArn of a mobile app and device.

  • For the lambda protocol, the endpoint is the ARN of an Amazon Lambda function.

  • For the firehose protocol, the endpoint is the ARN of an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream.

Type: String

Required: No

Protocol

The protocol that you want to use. Supported protocols include:

  • http – delivery of JSON-encoded message via HTTP POST

  • https – delivery of JSON-encoded message via HTTPS POST

  • email – delivery of message via SMTP

  • email-json – delivery of JSON-encoded message via SMTP

  • sms – delivery of message via SMS

  • sqs – delivery of JSON-encoded message to an Amazon SQS queue

  • application – delivery of JSON-encoded message to an EndpointArn for a mobile app and device

  • lambda – delivery of JSON-encoded message to an Amazon Lambda function

  • firehose – delivery of JSON-encoded message to an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream.

Type: String

Required: Yes

ReturnSubscriptionArn

Sets whether the response from the Subscribe request includes the subscription ARN, even if the subscription is not yet confirmed.

If you set this parameter to true, the response includes the ARN in all cases, even if the subscription is not yet confirmed. In addition to the ARN for confirmed subscriptions, the response also includes the pending subscription ARN value for subscriptions that aren't yet confirmed. A subscription becomes confirmed when the subscriber calls the ConfirmSubscription action with a confirmation token.

The default value is false.

Type: Boolean

Required: No

TopicArn

The ARN of the topic you want to subscribe to.

Type: String

Required: Yes

Response Elements

The following element is returned by the service.

SubscriptionArn

The ARN of the subscription if it is confirmed, or the string "pending confirmation" if the subscription requires confirmation. However, if the API request parameter ReturnSubscriptionArn is true, then the value is always the subscription ARN, even if the subscription requires confirmation.

Type: String

Errors

For information about the errors that are common to all actions, see Common Errors.

AuthorizationError

Indicates that the user has been denied access to the requested resource.

HTTP Status Code: 403

FilterPolicyLimitExceeded

Indicates that the number of filter polices in your Amazon Web Services account exceeds the limit. To add more filter polices, submit an Amazon SNS Limit Increase case in the Amazon Web Services Support Center.

HTTP Status Code: 403

InternalError

Indicates an internal service error.

HTTP Status Code: 500

InvalidParameter

Indicates that a request parameter does not comply with the associated constraints.

HTTP Status Code: 400

InvalidSecurity

The credential signature isn't valid. You must use an HTTPS endpoint and sign your request using Signature Version 4.

HTTP Status Code: 403

NotFound

Indicates that the requested resource does not exist.

HTTP Status Code: 404

ReplayLimitExceeded

Indicates that the request parameter has exceeded the maximum number of concurrent message replays.

HTTP Status Code: 403

SubscriptionLimitExceeded

Indicates that the customer already owns the maximum allowed number of subscriptions.

HTTP Status Code: 403

Examples

The structure of AUTHPARAMS depends on the signature of the API request. For more information, see Examples of the complete Signature Version 4 signing process (Python) in the Amazon General Reference.

Example of an Amazon SQS subscription

The following example Query request subscribes an Amazon SQS queue to an SNS topic. For more information, see Subscribe Queue to Amazon SNS Topic in the Amazon SQS Developer Guide.

Sample Request

https://sns.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/?Action=Subscribe
&TopicArn=arn%3Aaws%3Asns%3Aus-west-2%3A123456789012%3AMyTopic
&Endpoint=arn%3Aaws%3Asqs%3Aus-west-2%3A123456789012%3AMyQueue
&Protocol=sqs
&Version=2010-03-31
&AUTHPARAMS

Sample Response

<SubscribeResponse xmlns="https://sns.amazonaws.com/doc/2010-03-31/">
    <SubscribeResult>
        <SubscriptionArn>arn:aws:sns:us-west-2:123456789012:MyTopic:6b0e71bd-7e97-4d97-80ce-4a0994e55286</SubscriptionArn>
    </SubscribeResult>
    <ResponseMetadata>
        <RequestId>c4407779-24a4-56fa-982c-3d927f93a775</RequestId>
    </ResponseMetadata>
</SubscribeResponse>

Example of an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream subscription

This example illustrates one usage of Subscribe.

Sample Request

https://sns.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/?Action=Subscribe
&TopicArn=arn:aws:sns:us-west-2:123456789012:MyTopic
&Endpoint=arn:aws:firehose:us-west-2:123456789012:deliverystream/MyStream
&Protocol=firehose
&Attributes.entry.1.key=SubscriptionRoleArn
&Attributes.entry.1.value=arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/FirehoseRoleArn
&Version=2010-03-31
&AUTHPARAMS

Sample Response

<SubscribeResponse xmlns="http://sns.amazonaws.com/doc/2010-03-31/">
    <SubscribeResult>
        <SubscriptionArn>
            arn:aws:sns:us-west-2:123456789012:MyTopic:
            6b0e71bd-7e97-4d97-80ce-4a0994e55286
        </SubscriptionArn>
    </SubscribeResult>
    <ResponseMetadata>
        <RequestId>c4407779-24a4-56fa-982c-3d927f93a775</RequestId>
    </ResponseMetadata>
</SubscribeResponse>

See Also

For more information about using this API in one of the language-specific Amazon SDKs, see the following: