Reporting batch item failures for Lambda functions with a Kinesis trigger
The following code examples show how to implement partial batch response for Lambda functions that receive events from a Kinesis stream. The function reports the batch item failures in the response, signaling to Lambda to retry those messages later.
- .NET
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- Amazon SDK for .NET
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Note
There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the Serverless examples
repository. Reporting Kinesis batch item failures with Lambda using .NET.
// Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 using System.Text; using System.Text.Json.Serialization; using Amazon.Lambda.Core; using Amazon.Lambda.KinesisEvents; using AWS.Lambda.Powertools.Logging; // Assembly attribute to enable the Lambda function's JSON input to be converted into a .NET class. [assembly: LambdaSerializer(typeof(Amazon.Lambda.Serialization.SystemTextJson.DefaultLambdaJsonSerializer))] namespace KinesisIntegration; public class Function { // Powertools Logger requires an environment variables against your function // POWERTOOLS_SERVICE_NAME [Logging(LogEvent = true)] public async Task<StreamsEventResponse> FunctionHandler(KinesisEvent evnt, ILambdaContext context) { if (evnt.Records.Count == 0) { Logger.LogInformation("Empty Kinesis Event received"); return new StreamsEventResponse(); } foreach (var record in evnt.Records) { try { Logger.LogInformation($"Processed Event with EventId: {record.EventId}"); string data = await GetRecordDataAsync(record.Kinesis, context); Logger.LogInformation($"Data: {data}"); // TODO: Do interesting work based on the new data } catch (Exception ex) { Logger.LogError($"An error occurred {ex.Message}"); /* Since we are working with streams, we can return the failed item immediately. Lambda will immediately begin to retry processing from this failed item onwards. */ return new StreamsEventResponse { BatchItemFailures = new List<StreamsEventResponse.BatchItemFailure> { new StreamsEventResponse.BatchItemFailure { ItemIdentifier = record.Kinesis.SequenceNumber } } }; } } Logger.LogInformation($"Successfully processed {evnt.Records.Count} records."); return new StreamsEventResponse(); } private async Task<string> GetRecordDataAsync(KinesisEvent.Record record, ILambdaContext context) { byte[] bytes = record.Data.ToArray(); string data = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes); await Task.CompletedTask; //Placeholder for actual async work return data; } } public class StreamsEventResponse { [JsonPropertyName("batchItemFailures")] public IList<BatchItemFailure> BatchItemFailures { get; set; } public class BatchItemFailure { [JsonPropertyName("itemIdentifier")] public string ItemIdentifier { get; set; } } }
- Go
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- SDK for Go V2
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Note
There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the Serverless examples
repository. Reporting Kinesis batch item failures with Lambda using Go.
// Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 package main import ( "context" "fmt" "github.com/aws/aws-lambda-go/events" "github.com/aws/aws-lambda-go/lambda" ) func handler(ctx context.Context, kinesisEvent events.KinesisEvent) (map[string]interface{}, error) { batchItemFailures := []map[string]interface{}{} for _, record := range kinesisEvent.Records { curRecordSequenceNumber := "" // Process your record if /* Your record processing condition here */ { curRecordSequenceNumber = record.Kinesis.SequenceNumber } // Add a condition to check if the record processing failed if curRecordSequenceNumber != "" { batchItemFailures = append(batchItemFailures, map[string]interface{}{"itemIdentifier": curRecordSequenceNumber}) } } kinesisBatchResponse := map[string]interface{}{ "batchItemFailures": batchItemFailures, } return kinesisBatchResponse, nil } func main() { lambda.Start(handler) }
- Java
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- SDK for Java 2.x
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Note
There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the Serverless examples
repository. Reporting Kinesis batch item failures with Lambda using Java.
// Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.Context; import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.RequestHandler; import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.events.KinesisEvent; import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.events.StreamsEventResponse; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class ProcessKinesisRecords implements RequestHandler<KinesisEvent, StreamsEventResponse> { @Override public StreamsEventResponse handleRequest(KinesisEvent input, Context context) { List<StreamsEventResponse.BatchItemFailure> batchItemFailures = new ArrayList<>(); String curRecordSequenceNumber = ""; for (KinesisEvent.KinesisEventRecord kinesisEventRecord : input.getRecords()) { try { //Process your record KinesisEvent.Record kinesisRecord = kinesisEventRecord.getKinesis(); curRecordSequenceNumber = kinesisRecord.getSequenceNumber(); } catch (Exception e) { /* Since we are working with streams, we can return the failed item immediately. Lambda will immediately begin to retry processing from this failed item onwards. */ batchItemFailures.add(new StreamsEventResponse.BatchItemFailure(curRecordSequenceNumber)); return new StreamsEventResponse(batchItemFailures); } } return new StreamsEventResponse(batchItemFailures); } }
- JavaScript
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- SDK for JavaScript (v3)
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Note
There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the Serverless examples
repository. Reporting Kinesis batch item failures with Lambda using Javascript.
// Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 exports.handler = async (event, context) => { for (const record of event.Records) { try { console.log(`Processed Kinesis Event - EventID: ${record.eventID}`); const recordData = await getRecordDataAsync(record.kinesis); console.log(`Record Data: ${recordData}`); // TODO: Do interesting work based on the new data } catch (err) { console.error(`An error occurred ${err}`); /* Since we are working with streams, we can return the failed item immediately. Lambda will immediately begin to retry processing from this failed item onwards. */ return { batchItemFailures: [{ itemIdentifier: record.kinesis.sequenceNumber }], }; } } console.log(`Successfully processed ${event.Records.length} records.`); return { batchItemFailures: [] }; }; async function getRecordDataAsync(payload) { var data = Buffer.from(payload.data, "base64").toString("utf-8"); await Promise.resolve(1); //Placeholder for actual async work return data; }
Reporting Kinesis batch item failures with Lambda using TypeScript.
// Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 import { KinesisStreamEvent, Context, KinesisStreamHandler, KinesisStreamRecordPayload, KinesisStreamBatchResponse, } from "aws-lambda"; import { Buffer } from "buffer"; import { Logger } from "@aws-lambda-powertools/logger"; const logger = new Logger({ logLevel: "INFO", serviceName: "kinesis-stream-handler-sample", }); export const functionHandler: KinesisStreamHandler = async ( event: KinesisStreamEvent, context: Context ): Promise<KinesisStreamBatchResponse> => { for (const record of event.Records) { try { logger.info(`Processed Kinesis Event - EventID: ${record.eventID}`); const recordData = await getRecordDataAsync(record.kinesis); logger.info(`Record Data: ${recordData}`); // TODO: Do interesting work based on the new data } catch (err) { logger.error(`An error occurred ${err}`); /* Since we are working with streams, we can return the failed item immediately. Lambda will immediately begin to retry processing from this failed item onwards. */ return { batchItemFailures: [{ itemIdentifier: record.kinesis.sequenceNumber }], }; } } logger.info(`Successfully processed ${event.Records.length} records.`); return { batchItemFailures: [] }; }; async function getRecordDataAsync( payload: KinesisStreamRecordPayload ): Promise<string> { var data = Buffer.from(payload.data, "base64").toString("utf-8"); await Promise.resolve(1); //Placeholder for actual async work return data; }
- PHP
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- SDK for PHP
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Note
There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the Serverless examples
repository. Reporting Kinesis batch item failures with Lambda using PHP.
// Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 <?php # using bref/bref and bref/logger for simplicity use Bref\Context\Context; use Bref\Event\Kinesis\KinesisEvent; use Bref\Event\Handler as StdHandler; use Bref\Logger\StderrLogger; require __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php'; class Handler implements StdHandler { private StderrLogger $logger; public function __construct(StderrLogger $logger) { $this->logger = $logger; } /** * @throws JsonException * @throws \Bref\Event\InvalidLambdaEvent */ public function handle(mixed $event, Context $context): array { $kinesisEvent = new KinesisEvent($event); $this->logger->info("Processing records"); $records = $kinesisEvent->getRecords(); $failedRecords = []; foreach ($records as $record) { try { $data = $record->getData(); $this->logger->info(json_encode($data)); // TODO: Do interesting work based on the new data } catch (Exception $e) { $this->logger->error($e->getMessage()); // failed processing the record $failedRecords[] = $record->getSequenceNumber(); } } $totalRecords = count($records); $this->logger->info("Successfully processed $totalRecords records"); // change format for the response $failures = array_map( fn(string $sequenceNumber) => ['itemIdentifier' => $sequenceNumber], $failedRecords ); return [ 'batchItemFailures' => $failures ]; } } $logger = new StderrLogger(); return new Handler($logger);
- Python
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- SDK for Python (Boto3)
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Note
There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the Serverless examples
repository. Reporting Kinesis batch item failures with Lambda using Python.
# Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 def handler(event, context): records = event.get("Records") curRecordSequenceNumber = "" for record in records: try: # Process your record curRecordSequenceNumber = record["kinesis"]["sequenceNumber"] except Exception as e: # Return failed record's sequence number return {"batchItemFailures":[{"itemIdentifier": curRecordSequenceNumber}]} return {"batchItemFailures":[]}
- Ruby
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- SDK for Ruby
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Note
There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the Serverless examples
repository. Reporting Kinesis batch item failures with Lambda using Ruby.
# Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 require 'aws-sdk' def lambda_handler(event:, context:) batch_item_failures = [] event['Records'].each do |record| begin puts "Processed Kinesis Event - EventID: #{record['eventID']}" record_data = get_record_data_async(record['kinesis']) puts "Record Data: #{record_data}" # TODO: Do interesting work based on the new data rescue StandardError => err puts "An error occurred #{err}" # Since we are working with streams, we can return the failed item immediately. # Lambda will immediately begin to retry processing from this failed item onwards. return { batchItemFailures: [{ itemIdentifier: record['kinesis']['sequenceNumber'] }] } end end puts "Successfully processed #{event['Records'].length} records." { batchItemFailures: batch_item_failures } end def get_record_data_async(payload) data = Base64.decode64(payload['data']).force_encoding('utf-8') # Placeholder for actual async work sleep(1) data end
- Rust
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- SDK for Rust
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Note
There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the Serverless examples
repository. Reporting Kinesis batch item failures with Lambda using Rust.
// Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 use aws_lambda_events::{ event::kinesis::KinesisEvent, kinesis::KinesisEventRecord, streams::{KinesisBatchItemFailure, KinesisEventResponse}, }; use lambda_runtime::{run, service_fn, Error, LambdaEvent}; async fn function_handler(event: LambdaEvent<KinesisEvent>) -> Result<KinesisEventResponse, Error> { let mut response = KinesisEventResponse { batch_item_failures: vec![], }; if event.payload.records.is_empty() { tracing::info!("No records found. Exiting."); return Ok(response); } for record in &event.payload.records { tracing::info!( "EventId: {}", record.event_id.as_deref().unwrap_or_default() ); let record_processing_result = process_record(record); if record_processing_result.is_err() { response.batch_item_failures.push(KinesisBatchItemFailure { item_identifier: record.kinesis.sequence_number.clone(), }); /* Since we are working with streams, we can return the failed item immediately. Lambda will immediately begin to retry processing from this failed item onwards. */ return Ok(response); } } tracing::info!( "Successfully processed {} records", event.payload.records.len() ); Ok(response) } fn process_record(record: &KinesisEventRecord) -> Result<(), Error> { let record_data = std::str::from_utf8(record.kinesis.data.as_slice()); if let Some(err) = record_data.err() { tracing::error!("Error: {}", err); return Err(Error::from(err)); } let record_data = record_data.unwrap_or_default(); // do something interesting with the data tracing::info!("Data: {}", record_data); Ok(()) } #[tokio::main] async fn main() -> Result<(), Error> { tracing_subscriber::fmt() .with_max_level(tracing::Level::INFO) // disable printing the name of the module in every log line. .with_target(false) // disabling time is handy because CloudWatch will add the ingestion time. .without_time() .init(); run(service_fn(function_handler)).await }
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