管理警报通知

AWS IoT Events 使用 Lambda 函数来管理警报通知。您可以使用提供的 Lambda 函数AWS IoT Events或创建新的函数。

创建 Lambda 函数

AWS IoT Events 提供了一个 Lambda 函数，使警报能够发送和接收电子邮件和 SMS 通知。

Requirements

为警报创建 Lambda 函数时，存在以下要求：

如果您的警报发送电子邮件或 SMS 通知，您必须具有允许 IAM 使用 AWS Lambda 和的 Amazon SES 角色Amazon SNS。

示例策略：


{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "ses:GetIdentityVerificationAttributes",
                "ses:SendEmail",
                "ses:VerifyEmailIdentity"
            ],
            "Resource": "*"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "sns:Publish",
                "sns:OptInPhoneNumber",
                "sns:CheckIfPhoneNumberIsOptedOut"
            ],
            "Resource": "*"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Deny",
            "Action": [
                "sns:Publish"
            ],
            "Resource": "arn:aws:sns:*:*:*"
        }
    ]
}

您必须为 AWS 和选择相同的AWS IoT Events区域AWS Lambda。有关支持的区域的列表，请参阅中的AWS IoT Events终端节点和配额以及AWS Lambda终端节点和配额Amazon Web Services 一般参考。

部署 Lambda 函数

本教程使用 AWS CloudFormation 模板部署 Lambda 函数。此模板会自动创建一个 IAM 角色，以允许 Lambda 函数使用 Amazon SES 和 Amazon SNS。

下面介绍如何使用 AWS Command Line Interface （AWS CLI）创建CloudFormation堆栈。

在设备的终端中，运行 aws --version 以检查是否安装了 AWS CLI。有关更多信息，请参阅 AWS CLI 中的安装 AWS Command Line Interface 用户指南.
运行 aws configure list 以检查您在具有本教程的所有AWS CLI资源的 AWS AWS 区域中是否配置了。有关更多信息，请参阅 AWS CLI中的配置AWS Command Line Interface 用户指南
下载CloudFormation模板 notificationLambda.template.yaml.zip 。

注意

如果下载文件时遇到困难，模板也在中可用CloudFormation 模板。
解压缩内容并将其作为保存在本地。notificationLambda.template.yaml.
在您的设备上打开终端并导航到下载 notificationLambda.template.yaml 文件的目录。

要创建CloudFormation堆栈，请运行以下命令：


aws cloudformation create-stack --stack-name notificationLambda-stack --template-body file://notificationLambda.template.yaml --capabilities CAPABILITY_IAM

您可以修改此CloudFormation模板以自定义 Lambda 函数及其行为。

注意

AWS Lambda 重试函数错误两次。如果该函数没有足够的容量来处理所有传入请求，则事件可能会在队列中等待数小时或数天才能发送到该函数。您可以在函数上配置死信队列以捕获未成功处理的事件。有关更多信息，请参阅中的https://docs.amazonaws.cn/lambda/latest/dg/invocation-async.html异步调用AWS Lambda Developer Guide。

您还可以在 CloudFormation 控制台中创建或配置堆栈。有关更多信息，请参阅中的https://docs.amazonaws.cn/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/stacks.html使用堆栈AWS CloudFormation 用户指南。

创建自定义 Lambda 函数

您可以创建 Lambda 函数或修改提供的函数AWS IoT Events。

创建自定义 Lambda 函数时，存在以下要求。

添加允许 Lambda 函数执行指定操作和访问 AWS 资源的权限。
如果您使用提供的 Lambda 函数AWS IoT Events，请确保选择 Python 3.7 运行时。

示例Lambda函数：


import boto3
import json
import logging
import datetime
logger = logging.getLogger()
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
ses = boto3.client('ses')
sns = boto3.client('sns')
def check_value(target):
  if target:
    return True
  return False

# Check whether email is verified. Only verified emails are allowed to send emails to or from.
def check_email(email):
  if not check_value(email):
    return False
  result = ses.get_identity_verification_attributes(Identities=[email])
  attr = result['VerificationAttributes']
  if (email not in attr or attr[email]['VerificationStatus'] != 'Success'):
      logging.info('Verification email for {} sent. You must have all the emails verified before sending email.'.format(email))
      ses.verify_email_identity(EmailAddress=email)
      return False
  return True

# Check whether the phone holder has opted out of receiving SMS messages from your account
def check_phone_number(phone_number):
  try:
    result = sns.check_if_phone_number_is_opted_out(phoneNumber=phone_number)
    if (result['isOptedOut']):
        logger.info('phoneNumber {} is not opt in of receiving SMS messages. Phone number must be opt in first.'.format(phone_number))
        return False
    return True
  except Exception as e:
    logging.error('Your phone number {} must be in E.164 format in SSO. Exception thrown: {}'.format(phone_number, e))
    return False

def check_emails(emails):
  result = True
  for email in emails:
      if not check_email(email):
          result = False
  return result

def lambda_handler(event, context):
  logging.info('Received event: ' + json.dumps(event))
  nep = json.loads(event.get('notificationEventPayload'))
  alarm_state = nep['alarmState']
  default_msg = 'Alarm ' + alarm_state['stateName'] + '\n'
  timestamp = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(float(nep['stateUpdateTime'])/1000).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
  alarm_msg = "{} {} {} at {} UTC ".format(nep['alarmModelName'], nep.get('keyValue', 'Singleton'), alarm_state['stateName'], timestamp)
  default_msg += 'Sev: ' + str(nep['severity']) + '\n'
  if (alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']):
    property = alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']['simpleRule']['inputProperty']
    default_msg += 'Current Value: ' + str(property) + '\n'
    operator = alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']['simpleRule']['operator']
    threshold = alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']['simpleRule']['threshold']
    alarm_msg += '({} {} {})'.format(str(property), operator, str(threshold))
  default_msg += alarm_msg + '\n'

  emails = event.get('emailConfigurations', [])
  logger.info('Start Sending Emails')
  for email in emails:
    from_adr = email.get('from')
    to_adrs = email.get('to', [])
    cc_adrs = email.get('cc', [])
    bcc_adrs = email.get('bcc', [])
    msg = default_msg + '\n' + email.get('additionalMessage', '')
    subject = email.get('subject', alarm_msg)
    fa_ver = check_email(from_adr)
    tas_ver = check_emails(to_adrs)
    ccas_ver = check_emails(cc_adrs)
    bccas_ver = check_emails(bcc_adrs)
    if (fa_ver and tas_ver and ccas_ver and bccas_ver):
      ses.send_email(Source=from_adr,
                     Destination={'ToAddresses': to_adrs, 'CcAddresses': cc_adrs, 'BccAddresses': bcc_adrs},
                     Message={'Subject': {'Data': subject}, 'Body': {'Text': {'Data': msg}}})
      logger.info('Emails have been sent')

  logger.info('Start Sending SNS message to SMS')
  sns_configs = event.get('smsConfigurations', [])
  for sns_config in sns_configs:
    sns_msg = default_msg + '\n' + sns_config.get('additionalMessage', '')
    phone_numbers = sns_config.get('phoneNumbers', [])
    sender_id = sns_config.get('senderId')
    for phone_number in phone_numbers:
        if check_phone_number(phone_number):
          if check_value(sender_id):
            sns.publish(PhoneNumber=phone_number, Message=sns_msg, MessageAttributes={'AWS.SNS.SMS.SenderID':{'DataType': 'String','StringValue': sender_id}})
          else:
            sns.publish(PhoneNumber=phone_number, Message=sns_msg)
          logger.info('SNS messages have been sent')

有关更多信息，请参阅中的什么是 AWS Lambda AWS Lambda Developer Guide?

CloudFormation 模板

使用以下CloudFormation模板创建您的 Lambda 函数。


AWSTemplateFormatVersion: '2010-09-09'
Description: 'Notification Lambda for Alarm Model'
Resources:
  NotificationLambdaRole:
    Type: AWS::IAM::Role
    Properties:
      AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
        Statement:
          - Effect: Allow
            Principal:
              Service: lambda.amazonaws.com
            Action: sts:AssumeRole
      Path: "/"
      ManagedPolicyArns:
        - 'arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AWSLambdaExecute'
      Policies:
        - PolicyName: "NotificationLambda"
          PolicyDocument:
            Version: "2012-10-17"
            Statement:
              - Effect: "Allow"
                Action:
                  - "ses:GetIdentityVerificationAttributes"
                  - "ses:SendEmail"
                  - "ses:VerifyEmailIdentity"
                Resource: "*"
              - Effect: "Allow"
                Action:
                  - "sns:Publish"
                  - "sns:OptInPhoneNumber"
                  - "sns:CheckIfPhoneNumberIsOptedOut"
                Resource: "*"
              - Effect: "Deny"
                Action:
                  - "sns:Publish"
                Resource: "arn:aws:sns:*:*:*"
  NotificationLambdaFunction:
    Type: AWS::Lambda::Function
    Properties:
      Role: !GetAtt NotificationLambdaRole.Arn
      Runtime: python3.7
      Handler: index.lambda_handler
      Timeout: 300
      MemorySize: 3008
      Code:
        ZipFile: |
          import boto3
          import json
          import logging
          import datetime
          logger = logging.getLogger()
          logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
          ses = boto3.client('ses')
          sns = boto3.client('sns')
          def check_value(target):
            if target:
              return True
            return False

          # Check whether email is verified. Only verified emails are allowed to send emails to or from.
          def check_email(email):
            if not check_value(email):
              return False
            result = ses.get_identity_verification_attributes(Identities=[email])
            attr = result['VerificationAttributes']
            if (email not in attr or attr[email]['VerificationStatus'] != 'Success'):
                logging.info('Verification email for {} sent. You must have all the emails verified before sending email.'.format(email))
                ses.verify_email_identity(EmailAddress=email)
                return False
            return True

          # Check whether the phone holder has opted out of receiving SMS messages from your account
          def check_phone_number(phone_number):
            try:
              result = sns.check_if_phone_number_is_opted_out(phoneNumber=phone_number)
              if (result['isOptedOut']):
                  logger.info('phoneNumber {} is not opt in of receiving SMS messages. Phone number must be opt in first.'.format(phone_number))
                  return False
              return True
            except Exception as e:
              logging.error('Your phone number {} must be in E.164 format in SSO. Exception thrown: {}'.format(phone_number, e))
              return False

          def check_emails(emails):
            result = True
            for email in emails:
                if not check_email(email):
                    result = False
            return result

          def lambda_handler(event, context):
            logging.info('Received event: ' + json.dumps(event))
            nep = json.loads(event.get('notificationEventPayload'))
            alarm_state = nep['alarmState']
            default_msg = 'Alarm ' + alarm_state['stateName'] + '\n'
            timestamp = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(float(nep['stateUpdateTime'])/1000).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
            alarm_msg = "{} {} {} at {} UTC ".format(nep['alarmModelName'], nep.get('keyValue', 'Singleton'), alarm_state['stateName'], timestamp)
            default_msg += 'Sev: ' + str(nep['severity']) + '\n'
            if (alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']):
              property = alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']['simpleRule']['inputProperty']
              default_msg += 'Current Value: ' + str(property) + '\n'
              operator = alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']['simpleRule']['operator']
              threshold = alarm_state['ruleEvaluation']['simpleRule']['threshold']
              alarm_msg += '({} {} {})'.format(str(property), operator, str(threshold))
            default_msg += alarm_msg + '\n'

            emails = event.get('emailConfigurations', [])
            logger.info('Start Sending Emails')
            for email in emails:
              from_adr = email.get('from')
              to_adrs = email.get('to', [])
              cc_adrs = email.get('cc', [])
              bcc_adrs = email.get('bcc', [])
              msg = default_msg + '\n' + email.get('additionalMessage', '')
              subject = email.get('subject', alarm_msg)
              fa_ver = check_email(from_adr)
              tas_ver = check_emails(to_adrs)
              ccas_ver = check_emails(cc_adrs)
              bccas_ver = check_emails(bcc_adrs)
              if (fa_ver and tas_ver and ccas_ver and bccas_ver):
                ses.send_email(Source=from_adr,
                               Destination={'ToAddresses': to_adrs, 'CcAddresses': cc_adrs, 'BccAddresses': bcc_adrs},
                               Message={'Subject': {'Data': subject}, 'Body': {'Text': {'Data': msg}}})
                logger.info('Emails have been sent')

            logger.info('Start Sending SNS message to SMS')
            sns_configs = event.get('smsConfigurations', [])
            for sns_config in sns_configs:
              sns_msg = default_msg + '\n' + sns_config.get('additionalMessage', '')
              phone_numbers = sns_config.get('phoneNumbers', [])
              sender_id = sns_config.get('senderId')
              for phone_number in phone_numbers:
                  if check_phone_number(phone_number):
                    if check_value(sender_id):
                      sns.publish(PhoneNumber=phone_number, Message=sns_msg, MessageAttributes={'AWS.SNS.SMS.SenderID':{'DataType': 'String','StringValue': sender_id}})
                    else:
                      sns.publish(PhoneNumber=phone_number, Message=sns_msg)
                    logger.info('SNS messages have been sent')

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响应警报

使用提供的 Lambda 函数 AWS IoT Events