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# 使用设置亚马逊 Neptune 的先决条件 Amazon CloudFormation
<a name="get-started-prereqs"></a>

在使用 Amazon CloudFormation 模板创建 Amazon Neptune 集群之前，您需要具备以下条件：
+ Amazon EC2 密钥对。
+ 使用所需的权限 Amazon CloudFormation。

## 使用创建用于启动 Neptune 集群的 Amazon EC2 密钥对 Amazon CloudFormation
<a name="cfn-ec2-key-pair"></a>

要使用 Amazon CloudFormation 模板启动 Neptune 数据库集群，您必须在创建堆栈的区域中提供 Amazon EC2key 配对（及其关联的 PEM 文件）。 Amazon CloudFormation 

如果您需要创建密钥对，请参阅《Amazon EC2 用户指南》中的[使用 Amazon EC2 创建密钥对](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-key-pairs.html#having-ec2-create-your-key-pair)，或《Amazon EC2 用户指南》中的[使用 Amazon EC2 创建密钥对](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/AWSEC2/latest/WindowsGuide/ec2-key-pairs.html#having-ec2-create-your-key-pair)，了解相关说明。

## 添加 IAM 策略以授予使用 Amazon CloudFormation 模板所需的权限
<a name="cfn-iam-perms"></a>

首先，您需要设置一个拥有使用 Neptune 所需权限的 IAM 用户，如[创建具有 Neptune 权限的 IAM 用户](manage-console-iam-user.md)中所述。

然后，您需要向该用户添加 Amazon 托管策略。`AWSCloudFormationReadOnlyAccess`

最后，您需要创建以下客户管理型策略并将其添加到该用户：

------
#### [ JSON ]

****  

```
{
    "Version":"2012-10-17",		 	 	 
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": "iam:PassRole",
            "Resource": "arn:aws:iam::111122223333:role/*",
            "Condition": {
                "StringEquals": {
                    "iam:passedToService": "rds.amazonaws.com"
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": "iam:CreateServiceLinkedRole",
            "Resource": "arn:aws:iam::*:role/aws-service-role/rds.amazonaws.com/AWSServiceRoleForRDS",
            "Condition": {
                "StringLike": {
                    "iam:AWSServiceName": "rds.amazonaws.com"
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "sns:ListTopics",
                "sns:ListSubscriptions",
                "sns:Publish"
            ],
            "Resource": "arn:aws:sns:*:111122223333:*"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "kms:ListRetirableGrants",
                "kms:ListKeys",
                "kms:ListAliases",
                "kms:ListKeyPolicies"
            ],
            "Resource": "arn:aws:kms:*:111122223333:key/*"
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "cloudwatch:GetMetricStatistics",
                "cloudwatch:ListMetrics"
            ],
            "Resource": "arn:aws:cloudwatch:*:111122223333:service/*-*",
            "Condition": {
                "StringLike": {
                    "cloudwatch:namespace": "AWS/Neptune"
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "ec2:DescribeSecurityGroups",
                "ec2:DescribeAvailabilityZones",
                "ec2:DescribeVpcs",
                "ec2:DescribeAccountAttributes",
                "ec2:DescribeSubnets",
                "ec2:DescribeVpcAttribute"
            ],
            "Resource": [
                "arn:aws:ec2:*:111122223333:vpc/*",
                "arn:aws:ec2:*:111122223333:subnet/*",
                "arn:aws:ec2:*:111122223333:security-group/*"
            ]
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "rds:CreateDBCluster",
                "rds:CreateDBInstance",
                "rds:AddTagsToResource",
                "rds:ListTagsForResource",
                "rds:RemoveTagsFromResource",
                "rds:RemoveRoleFromDBCluster",
                "rds:ResetDBParameterGroup",
                "rds:CreateDBSubnetGroup",
                "rds:ModifyDBParameterGroup",
                "rds:DownloadDBLogFilePortion",
                "rds:CopyDBParameterGroup",
                "rds:AddRoleToDBCluster",
                "rds:ModifyDBInstance",
                "rds:ModifyDBClusterParameterGroup",
                "rds:ModifyDBClusterSnapshotAttribute",
                "rds:DeleteDBInstance",
                "rds:CopyDBClusterParameterGroup",
                "rds:CreateDBParameterGroup",
                "rds:DescribeDBSecurityGroups",
                "rds:DeleteDBSubnetGroup",
                "rds:DescribeValidDBInstanceModifications",
                "rds:ModifyDBCluster",
                "rds:CreateDBClusterSnapshot",
                "rds:DeleteDBParameterGroup",
                "rds:CreateDBClusterParameterGroup",
                "rds:RemoveTagsFromResource",
                "rds:PromoteReadReplicaDBCluster",
                "rds:RestoreDBClusterFromSnapshot",
                "rds:DescribeDBSubnetGroups",
                "rds:DescribePendingMaintenanceActions",
                "rds:DescribeDBParameterGroups",
                "rds:FailoverDBCluster",
                "rds:DescribeDBInstances",
                "rds:DescribeDBParameters",
                "rds:DeleteDBCluster",
                "rds:ResetDBClusterParameterGroup",
                "rds:RestoreDBClusterToPointInTime",
                "rds:DescribeDBClusterSnapshotAttributes",
                "rds:AddTagsToResource",
                "rds:DescribeDBClusterParameters",
                "rds:CopyDBClusterSnapshot",
                "rds:DescribeDBLogFiles",
                "rds:DeleteDBClusterSnapshot",
                "rds:ListTagsForResource",
                "rds:RebootDBInstance",
                "rds:DescribeDBClusterSnapshots",
                "rds:DeleteDBClusterParameterGroup",
                "rds:ApplyPendingMaintenanceAction",
                "rds:DescribeDBClusters",
                "rds:DescribeDBClusterParameterGroups",
                "rds:ModifyDBSubnetGroup"
            ],
            "Resource": [
                "arn:aws:rds:*:111122223333:cluster-snapshot:*",
                "arn:aws:rds:*:111122223333:cluster:*",
                "arn:aws:rds:*:111122223333:pg:*",
                "arn:aws:rds:*:111122223333:cluster-pg:*",
                "arn:aws:rds:*:111122223333:secgrp:*",
                "arn:aws:rds:*:111122223333:db:*",
                "arn:aws:rds:*:111122223333:subgrp:*"
            ],
            "Condition": {
                "StringEquals": {
                    "rds:DatabaseEngine": [
                        "graphdb",
                        "neptune"
                    ]
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "logs:GetLogEvents",
                "logs:DescribeLogStreams"
            ],
            "Resource": [
                "arn:aws:logs:*:111122223333:log-group:*:log-stream:*",
                "arn:aws:logs:*:111122223333:log-group:*"
            ]
        }
    ]
}
```

------

**注意**  
以下权限仅在删除堆栈时需要：`iam:DeleteRole`、`iam:RemoveRoleFromInstanceProfile`、`iam:DeleteRolePolicy`、`iam:DeleteInstanceProfile` 和 `ec2:DeleteVpcEndpoints`。  
另请注意，`ec2:*Vpc` 授予 `ec2:DeleteVpc` 权限。