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# 登录和监控 Amazon Organizations
日志记录和监控

您应对组织进行监控，确保对所做的更改进行记录，这是最佳实践。这可以帮助您确保可以调查任何意外更改并回退不需要的更改。 Amazon Organizations 目前支持两个功能 Amazon Web Services 服务 ，使您能够监控您的组织及其内部发生的活动。

**Topics**
+ [Amazon CloudTrail](orgs_cloudtrail-integration.md)
+ [Amazon EventBridge](orgs_cloudwatch-integration.md)

# 使用 for 记录 API Amazon CloudTrail 调用 Amazon Organizations
Amazon CloudTrail

Amazon Organizations 与 Amazon CloudTrail一项服务集成，该服务提供用户、角色或 Amazon 服务在中执行的操作的记录 Amazon Organizations。 CloudTrail 将所有 API 调用捕获 Amazon Organizations 为事件，包括来自 Amazon Organizations 控制台的调用和对的代码调用 Amazon Organizations APIs。如果您创建了跟踪，则可以允许将 CloudTrail 事件持续传输到 Amazon S3 存储桶，包括的事件 Amazon Organizations。如果您未配置跟踪，您仍然可以在 CloudTrail 控制台的 “事件**历史记录” 中查看最新的事件**。使用收集到的信息 CloudTrail，您可以确定向哪个请求发出 Amazon Organizations、发出的 IP 地址、谁发出、何时发出以及其他详细信息。

要了解更多信息 CloudTrail，请参阅《*Amazon CloudTrail 用户指南》*。

**重要**  
您 Amazon Organizations 只能查看美国东部（弗吉尼亚北部）区域的所有 CloudTrail 信息。如果您在 CloudTrail 主机中看不到自己的 Amazon Organizations 活动，请使用右上角的菜单将您的主机设置为**美国东部（弗吉尼亚北部）**。如果您使用 Amazon CLI 或 SDK 工具 CloudTrail 进行查询，请将查询定向到美国东部（弗吉尼亚北部）终端节点。

## Amazon Organizations 信息在 CloudTrail


CloudTrail 在您创建账户 Amazon Web Services 账户 时已在您的账户上启用。当活动发生在中时 Amazon Organizations，该活动会与其他 Amazon 服务 CloudTrail 事件一起记录在**事件历史**记录中。您可以在中查看、搜索和下载最近发生的事件 Amazon Web Services 账户。有关更多信息，请参阅[使用事件历史记录查看 CloudTrail 事件](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/view-cloudtrail-events.html)。

对于 Amazon Web Services 账户中的事件的持续记录（包括 Amazon Organizations的事件），请创建跟踪记录。跟踪允许 CloudTrail 将日志文件传输到 Amazon S3 存储桶。在您的中启用 CloudTrail 日志记录后 Amazon Web Services 账户，对 Amazon Organizations 操作进行的 API 调用将在 CloudTrail 日志文件中进行跟踪，这些调用与其他 Amazon 服务记录一起写入日志文件。您可以配置其他 Amazon Web Services 服务 ，以进一步分析和处理 CloudTrail 日志中收集的事件数据。有关更多信息，请参阅下列内容：
+ [创建跟踪概述](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/cloudtrail-create-and-update-a-trail.html)
+ [CloudTrail 支持的服务和集成](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/cloudtrail-aws-service-specific-topics.html#cloudtrail-aws-service-specific-topics-integrations)
+ [配置 Amazon SNS 通知 CloudTrail](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/getting_notifications_top_level.html)

所有 Amazon Organizations 操作均由《API 参考》记录 CloudTrail 并记录在《[Amazon Organizations API 参考](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/organizations/latest/APIReference/)》中。例如，调用`CreateAccount`（包括`CreateAccountResult`事件）、`ListHandshakesForAccount``CreatePolicy`、和`InviteAccountToOrganization`会在 CloudTrail 日志文件中生成条目。

每个日志条目都包含有关生成请求的人员的信息。日志条目中的用户身份信息可帮助您确定以下内容：
+ 请求是使用根用户凭证还是 IAM 用户凭证发出的
+ 请求是使用 [IAM 角色](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/IAM/latest/UserGuide/id_roles.html)还是[联合身份用户](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/IAM/latest/UserGuide/id_roles_providers.html)的临时安全凭证发出的
+ 请求是否由其他 Amazon 服务发出

有关更多信息，请参阅 [CloudTrail userIdentity 元素](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/awscloudtrail/latest/userguide/cloudtrail-event-reference-user-identity.html)。

**注意**  
CloudTrail 将在执行给定操作的账户中记录事件（即，如果成员账户采取了行动，则记录在成员账户中，而不是在管理账户中）。例如，离开组织的成员账户将记录在成员账户跟踪中，而删除成员账户的管理账户将记录在管理账户跟踪中。

## 了解 Amazon Organizations 日志文件条目


跟踪是一种配置，允许将事件作为日志文件传输到您指定的 Amazon S3 存储桶。 CloudTrail 日志文件包含一个或多个日志条目。一个事件表示来自任何源的一个请求，包括有关所请求的操作、操作的日期和时间、请求参数等方面的信息。 CloudTrail 日志文件不是公用 API 调用的有序堆栈跟踪，因此它们不会以任何特定顺序显示。

### 日志条目示例： CloseAccount


以下示例显示了调用 API 时生成的示例`CloseAccount`调用的 CloudTrail 日志条目，该条目是在后台开始处理关闭账户的工作流程时生成的。

```
{
    "eventVersion": "1.08",
    "userIdentity": {
        "type": "IAMUser",
        "principalId": "AIDAMVNPBQA3EXAMPLE:my-admin-role",
        "arn": "arn:aws:sts::111122223333:assumed-role/my-admin-role/my-session-id",
        "accountId": "111122223333",
        "accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE",
        "sessionContext": {
            "sessionIssuer": {
                "type": "Role",
                "principalId": "AIDAMVNPBQA3EXAMPLE",
                "arn": "arn:aws:iam::111122223333:role/my-admin-role",
                "accountId": "111122223333",
                "userName": "my-session-id"
            },
            "webIdFederationData": {},
            "attributes": {
                "mfaAuthenticated": "false",
                "creationDate": "2022-03-18T18:17:06Z"
            }
        }
    },
    "eventTime": "2022-03-18T18:17:06Z",
    "eventSource": "organizations.amazonaws.com",
    "eventName": "CloseAccount",
    "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
    "sourceIPAddress": "192.168.0.1",
    "userAgent":  "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7)...",
    "requestParameters": {
        "accountId": "555555555555"
    },
    "responseElements": null,
    "requestID": "e28932f8-d5da-4d7a-8238-ef74f3d5c09a",
    "eventID": "19fe4c10-f57e-4cb7-a2bc-6b5c30233592",
    "readOnly": false,
    "eventType": "AwsApiCall",
    "managementEvent": true,
    "recipientAccountId": "111122223333",
    "eventCategory": "Management"
}
```

以下示例显示了成功完成关闭账户的后台工作流程之后`CloseAccountResult`呼叫的 CloudTrail 日志条目。

```
{
  "eventVersion": "1.08",
  "userIdentity": {
    "accountId": "111122223333",
    "invokedBy": "organizations.amazonaws.com"
  },
  "eventTime": "2022-03-18T18:17:06Z",
  "eventSource": "organizations.amazonaws.com",
  "eventName": "CloseAccountResult",
  "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
  "sourceIPAddress": "organizations.amazonaws.com",
  "userAgent": "organizations.amazonaws.com",
  "requestParameters": null,
  "responseElements": null,
  "eventID": "EXAMPLE8-90ab-cdef-fedc-ba987EXAMPLE",
  "readOnly": false,
  "eventType": "AwsServiceEvent",
  "readOnly": false,
  "eventType": "AwsServiceEvent",
  "managementEvent": true,
  "recipientAccountId": "111122223333",
  "serviceEventDetails": {
    "closeAccountStatus": {
      "accountId": "555555555555",
      "state": "SUCCEEDED",
      "requestedTimestamp": "Mar 18, 2022 6:16:58 PM",
      "completedTimestamp": "Mar 18, 2022 6:16:58 PM"
    }
   },
   "eventCategory": "Management"
}
```

### 日志条目示例： CreateAccount


以下示例显示了`CreateAccount`调用 API 且创建账户的工作流程在后台开始处理时生成的示例调用的 CloudTrail 日志条目。

```
{
    "eventVersion": "1.05",
    "userIdentity": {
        "type": "IAMUser",
        "principalId": "AIDAMVNPBQA3EXAMPLE:my-admin-role",
        "arn": "arn:aws:sts::111122223333:assumed-role/my-admin-role/my-session-id",
        "accountId": "111122223333",
        "accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE",
        "sessionContext": {
            "sessionIssuer": {
                "type": "Role",
                "principalId": "AIDAMVNPBQA3EXAMPLE",
                "arn": "arn:aws:iam::111122223333:role/my-admin-role",
                "accountId": "111122223333",
                "userName": "my-session-id"
            },
            "webIdFederationData": {},
            "attributes": {
                "mfaAuthenticated": "false",
                "creationDate": "2020-09-16T21:16:45Z"
            }
        }
    },
    "eventTime": "2018-06-21T22:06:27Z",
    "eventSource": "organizations.amazonaws.com",
    "eventName": "CreateAccount",
    "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
    "sourceIPAddress": "192.168.0.1",
    "userAgent":  "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64)...",
    "requestParameters": {
        "tags": [],
        "email": "****",
        "accountName": "****"
    },
    "responseElements": {
        "createAccountStatus": {
            "accountName": "****",
            "state": "IN_PROGRESS",
            "id": "car-examplecreateaccountrequestid111",
            "requestedTimestamp": "Sep 16, 2020 9:20:50 PM"
        }
    },
    "requestID": "EXAMPLE8-90ab-cdef-fedc-ba987EXAMPLE",
    "eventID": "EXAMPLE8-90ab-cdef-fedc-ba987EXAMPLE",
    "eventType": "AwsApiCall",
    "recipientAccountId": "111111111111"
}
```

以下示例显示了创建账户的后台工作流程成功完成后的`CreateAccount`呼叫 CloudTrail 日志条目。

```
{
  "eventVersion": "1.05",
  "userIdentity": {
    "accountId": "111122223333",
    "invokedBy": "..."
  },
  "eventTime": "2020-09-16T21:20:53Z",
  "eventSource": "organizations.amazonaws.com",
  "eventName": "CreateAccountResult",
  "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
  "sourceIPAddress": "192.0.2.0",
  "userAgent": "....",
  "requestParameters": null,
  "responseElements": null,
  "eventID": "EXAMPLE8-90ab-cdef-fedc-ba987EXAMPLE",
  "readOnly": false,
  "eventType": "AwsServiceEvent",
  "recipientAccountId": "111122223333",
  "serviceEventDetails": {
    "createAccountStatus": {
      "id": "car-examplecreateaccountrequestid111",
      "state": "SUCCEEDED",
      "accountName": "****",
      "accountId": "444455556666",
      "requestedTimestamp": "Sep 16, 2020 9:20:50 PM",
      "completedTimestamp": "Sep 16, 2020 9:20:53 PM"
    }
  }
}
```

 以下示例显示了在后`CreateAccount`台工作流程无法创建帐户后生成的 CloudTrail 日志条目。

```
  {
  "eventVersion": "1.06",
  "userIdentity": {
    "accountId": "111122223333",
    "invokedBy": "AWS Internal"
  },
  "eventTime": "2018-06-21T22:06:27Z",
  "eventSource": "organizations.amazonaws.com",
  "eventName": "CreateAccountResult",
  "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
  "sourceIPAddress": "AWS Internal",
  "userAgent": "AWS Internal",
  "requestParameters": null,
  "responseElements": null,
  "eventID": "EXAMPLE8-90ab-cdef-fedc-ba987EXAMPLE",
  "readOnly": false,
  "eventType": "AwsServiceEvent",
  "recipientAccountId": "111122223333",
  "serviceEventDetails": {
    "createAccountStatus": {
      "id": "car-examplecreateaccountrequestid111",
      "state": "FAILED",
      "accountName": "****",
      "failureReason": "EMAIL_ALREADY_EXISTS",
      "requestedTimestamp": Jun 21, 2018 10:06:27 PM,
      "completedTimestamp": Jun 21, 2018 10:07:15 PM
    }
  }
}
```

### 日志条目示例： CreateOrganizationalUnit


以下示例显示了示例`CreateOrganizationalUnit`调用的 CloudTrail 日志条目。

```
{
    "eventVersion": "1.05",
    "userIdentity": {
        "type": "IAMUser",
        "principalId": "AIDAMVNPBQA3EXAMPLE",
        "arn": "arn:aws:iam::111111111111:user/diego",
        "accountId": "111111111111",
        "accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE",
        "userName": "diego"
    },
    "eventTime": "2017-01-18T21:40:11Z",
    "eventSource": "organizations.amazonaws.com",
    "eventName": "CreateOrganizationalUnit",
    "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
    "sourceIPAddress": "192.0.2.0",
    "userAgent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_11_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/55.0.2883.95 Safari/537.36",
    "requestParameters": {
        "name": "OU-Developers-1",
        "parentId": "r-a1b2"
    },
    "responseElements": {
        "organizationalUnit": {
            "arn": "arn:aws:organizations::111111111111:ou/o-aa111bb222/ou-examplerootid111-exampleouid111",
            "id": "ou-examplerootid111-exampleouid111",
            "name": "test-cloud-trail",
            "path": "o-aa111bb222/r-a1b2/ou-examplerootid111-exampleouid111/"
        }
    },
    "requestID": "EXAMPLE8-90ab-cdef-fedc-ba987EXAMPLE",
    "eventID": "EXAMPLE8-90ab-cdef-fedc-ba987EXAMPLE",
    "eventType": "AwsApiCall",
    "recipientAccountId": "111111111111"
}
```

### 日志条目示例： InviteAccountToOrganization


以下示例显示了示例`InviteAccountToOrganization`调用的 CloudTrail 日志条目。

```
{
    "eventVersion": "1.05",
    "userIdentity": {
        "type": "IAMUser",
        "principalId": "AIDAMVNPBQA3EXAMPLE",
        "arn": "arn:aws:iam::111111111111:user/diego",
        "accountId": "111111111111",
        "accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE",
        "userName": "diego"
    },
    "eventTime": "2017-01-18T21:41:17Z",
    "eventSource": "organizations.amazonaws.com",
    "eventName": "InviteAccountToOrganization",
    "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
    "sourceIPAddress": "192.0.2.0",
    "userAgent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_11_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/55.0.2883.95 Safari/537.36",
    "requestParameters": {
        "notes": "This is a request for Mary's account to join Diego's organization.",
        "target": {
            "type": "ACCOUNT",
            "id": "111111111111"
        }
    },
    "responseElements": {
        "handshake": {
            "requestedTimestamp": "Jan 18, 2017 9:41:16 PM",
            "state": "OPEN",
            "arn": "arn:aws:organizations::111111111111:handshake/o-aa111bb222/invite/h-examplehandshakeid111",
            "id": "h-examplehandshakeid111",
            "parties": [
                {
                    "type": "ORGANIZATION",
                    "id": "o-aa111bb222"
                },
                {
                    "type": "ACCOUNT",
                    "id": "222222222222"
                }
            ],
            "action": "invite",
            "expirationTimestamp": "Feb 2, 2017 9:41:16 PM",
            "resources": [
                {
                    "resources": [
                        {
                            "type": "MASTER_EMAIL",
                            "value": "diego@example.com"
                        },
                        {
                            "type": "MASTER_NAME",
                            "value": "Management account for organization"
                        },
                        {
                            "type": "ORGANIZATION_FEATURE_SET",
                            "value": "ALL"
                        }
                    ],
                    "type": "ORGANIZATION",
                    "value": "o-aa111bb222"
                },
                {
                    "type": "ACCOUNT",
                    "value": "222222222222"
                },
                {
                    "type": "NOTES",
                    "value": "This is a request for Mary's account to join Diego's organization."
                }
            ]
        }
    },
    "requestID": "EXAMPLE8-90ab-cdef-fedc-ba987EXAMPLE",
    "eventID": "EXAMPLE8-90ab-cdef-fedc-ba987EXAMPLE",
    "eventType": "AwsApiCall",
    "recipientAccountId": "111111111111"
}
```

### 日志条目示例： AttachPolicy


以下示例显示了示例`AttachPolicy`调用的 CloudTrail 日志条目。该响应指示，在请求尝试附加到的根中，由于请求的策略类型未启用，调用失败。

```
{
    "eventVersion": "1.06",
    "userIdentity": {
        "type": "IAMUser",
        "principalId": "AIDAMVNPBQA3EXAMPLE",
        "arn": "arn:aws:iam::111111111111:user/diego",
        "accountId": "111111111111",
        "accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE",
        "userName": "diego"
    },
    "eventTime": "2017-01-18T21:42:44Z",
    "eventSource": "organizations.amazonaws.com",
    "eventName": "AttachPolicy",
    "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
    "sourceIPAddress": "192.0.2.0",
    "userAgent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_11_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/55.0.2883.95 Safari/537.36",
    "errorCode": "PolicyTypeNotEnabledException",
    "errorMessage": "The given policy type ServiceControlPolicy is not enabled on the current view",
    "requestParameters": {
        "policyId": "p-examplepolicyid111",
        "targetId": "ou-examplerootid111-exampleouid111"
    },
    "responseElements": null,
    "requestID": "EXAMPLE8-90ab-cdef-fedc-ba987EXAMPLE",
    "eventID": "EXAMPLE8-90ab-cdef-fedc-ba987EXAMPLE",
    "eventType": "AwsApiCall",
    "recipientAccountId": "111111111111"
}
```

### 示例日志条目：无效的有效策略


以下示例显示了示例`EffectivePolicyValidation`事件的 CloudTrail 日志条目。每当组织中的更新导致任何账户创建了无效的有效政策时，就会向组织的管理账户发送此事件。

```
{
    "eventVersion": "1.11",
    "userIdentity": {
        "accountId": "111122223333",
        "invokedBy": "Amazon Internal"
    },
    "eventTime": "2025-07-17T14:53:40Z",
    "eventSource": "organizations.amazonaws.com",
    "eventName": "EffectivePolicyValidation",
    "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
    "sourceIPAddress": "Amazon Internal",
    "userAgent": "Amazon Internal",
    "requestParameters": null,
    "responseElements": null,
    "eventID": "EXAMPLE8-90ab-cdef-fedc-ba987EXAMPLE",
    "readOnly": true,
    "eventType": "AwsServiceEvent",
    "managementEvent": true,
    "recipientAccountId": "111111111111",
    "serviceEventDetails": {
        "accountId": "111111111111",
        "policyType": "BACKUP_POLICY",
        "state": "INVALID",
        "requestTimestamp": "Jul 17, 2025, 2:53:40 PM",
        "info": "All validation errors listed",
        "validationErrors": [
            {
                "accountPath": "o-aa111bb222/r-a1b2/111111111111/",
                "evaluationTimestamp": "Jul 17, 2025, 2:53:40 PM",
                "errorCode": "ELEMENTS_TOO_MANY",
                "errorMessage": "'hourly_rule' exceeds the allowed maximum limit 10",
                "pathToError": "plans/hourly-backup/rules/hourly_rule",
                "contributingPolicies": [
                    "p-examplepolicyid111"
                ]
            }
        ]
    },
    "eventCategory": "Management"
}
```

### 示例日志条目：有效的有效策略


以下示例显示了示例`EffectivePolicyValidation`事件的 CloudTrail 日志条目。每当组织中的更新修复了账户中之前无效的有效策略时，就会向组织的管理账户发送此事件。

```
{
    "eventVersion": "1.11",
    "userIdentity": {
        "accountId": "111111111111",
        "invokedBy": "Amazon Internal"
    },
    "eventTime": "2025-07-17T14:54:40Z",
    "eventSource": "organizations.amazonaws.com",
    "eventName": "EffectivePolicyValidation",
    "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
    "sourceIPAddress": "Amazon Internal",
    "userAgent": "Amazon Internal",
    "requestParameters": null,
    "responseElements": null,
    "eventID": "EXAMPLE8-90ab-cdef-fedc-ba987EXAMPLE",
    "readOnly": true,
    "eventType": "AwsServiceEvent",
    "managementEvent": true,
    "recipientAccountId": "111111111111",
    "serviceEventDetails": {
        "accountId": "111111111111",
        "policyType": "BACKUP_POLICY",
        "state": "VALID",
        "requestTimestamp": "Jul 17, 2025, 2:54:40 PM",
        "info": "Previous effective policy validation error(s) resolved for this account/policyType"
    },
    "eventCategory": "Management"
}
```

# Amazon EventBridge 和 Amazon Organizations
Amazon EventBridge

Amazon Organizations 可以与 Amazon EventBridge（前身为 Amazon CloudWatch Events）合作，在组织中发生管理员指定的操作时引发事件。例如，大多数管理员希望每次在组织中创建新帐户时，或成员帐户的管理员尝试离开组织时收到提醒，因为这些都是敏感操作。您可以配置 EventBridge 规则来查找这些操作，然后将生成的事件发送到管理员定义的目标。目标可以是 Amazon SNS 主题，向订阅者发送电子邮件或短信。您还可以创建一个 Amazon Lambda 函数，记录操作的详细信息以备稍后查看。

有关演示 EventBridge 如何启用监控组织中关键活动的教程，请参阅[教程：使用 Amazon 监控组织的重要变更 EventBridge](orgs_tutorials_cwe.md)。

**重要**  
目前， Amazon Organizations 仅在美国东部（弗吉尼亚北部）地区托管（尽管它在全球范围内可用）。要执行本教程中的步骤，必须将配置 Amazon Web Services 管理控制台 为使用该区域。

要了解更多信息 EventBridge，包括如何配置和启用它，请参阅 *[Amazon EventBridge 用户指南](https://docs.amazonaws.cn/eventbridge/latest/userguide/)*。