使用 SDK for Java 2.x 的 Amazon SQS 示例 - Amazon SDK for Java 2.x
Amazon Web Services 文档中描述的 Amazon Web Services 服务或功能可能因区域而异。要查看适用于中国区域的差异,请参阅 中国的 Amazon Web Services 服务入门 (PDF)

本文属于机器翻译版本。若本译文内容与英语原文存在差异,则一律以英文原文为准。

使用 SDK for Java 2.x 的 Amazon SQS 示例

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x 与 Amazon SQS 配合使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。

操作是大型程序的代码摘录,必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数,还可以通过函数相关场景和跨服务示例的上下文查看操作。

场景是展示如何通过在同一服务中调用多个函数来完成特定任务任务的代码示例。

每个示例都包含一个指向的链接 GitHub,您可以在其中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

开始使用

以下代码示例演示了如何开始使用 Amazon SQS。

适用于 Java 的 SDK 2.x
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整实例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.SqsClient; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.SqsException; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.paginators.ListQueuesIterable; /** * Before running this Java V2 code example, set up your development * environment, including your credentials. * * For more information, see the following documentation topic: * * https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/latest/developer-guide/get-started.html */ public class HelloSQS { public static void main(String[] args) { SqsClient sqsClient = SqsClient.builder() .region(Region.US_WEST_2) .build(); listQueues(sqsClient); sqsClient.close(); } public static void listQueues(SqsClient sqsClient) { try { ListQueuesIterable listQueues = sqsClient.listQueuesPaginator(); listQueues.stream() .flatMap(r -> r.queueUrls().stream()) .forEach(content -> System.out.println(" Queue URL: " + content.toLowerCase())); } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } }
  • 有关 API 的详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考ListQueues中的。

操作

以下代码示例演示如何使用 CreateQueue

适用于 Java 的 SDK 2.x
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整实例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.SqsClient; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.ChangeMessageVisibilityRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.CreateQueueRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.DeleteMessageRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.GetQueueUrlRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.GetQueueUrlResponse; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.ListQueuesRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.ListQueuesResponse; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.Message; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.ReceiveMessageRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.SendMessageBatchRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.SendMessageBatchRequestEntry; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.SendMessageRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.SqsException; import java.util.List; /** * Before running this Java V2 code example, set up your development * environment, including your credentials. * * For more information, see the following documentation topic: * * https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/latest/developer-guide/get-started.html */ public class SQSExample { public static void main(String[] args) { String queueName = "queue" + System.currentTimeMillis(); SqsClient sqsClient = SqsClient.builder() .region(Region.US_WEST_2) .build(); // Perform various tasks on the Amazon SQS queue. String queueUrl = createQueue(sqsClient, queueName); listQueues(sqsClient); listQueuesFilter(sqsClient, queueUrl); List<Message> messages = receiveMessages(sqsClient, queueUrl); sendBatchMessages(sqsClient, queueUrl); changeMessages(sqsClient, queueUrl, messages); deleteMessages(sqsClient, queueUrl, messages); sqsClient.close(); } public static String createQueue(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueName) { try { System.out.println("\nCreate Queue"); CreateQueueRequest createQueueRequest = CreateQueueRequest.builder() .queueName(queueName) .build(); sqsClient.createQueue(createQueueRequest); System.out.println("\nGet queue url"); GetQueueUrlResponse getQueueUrlResponse = sqsClient .getQueueUrl(GetQueueUrlRequest.builder().queueName(queueName).build()); return getQueueUrlResponse.queueUrl(); } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } return ""; } public static void listQueues(SqsClient sqsClient) { System.out.println("\nList Queues"); String prefix = "que"; try { ListQueuesRequest listQueuesRequest = ListQueuesRequest.builder().queueNamePrefix(prefix).build(); ListQueuesResponse listQueuesResponse = sqsClient.listQueues(listQueuesRequest); for (String url : listQueuesResponse.queueUrls()) { System.out.println(url); } } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } public static void listQueuesFilter(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueUrl) { // List queues with filters String namePrefix = "queue"; ListQueuesRequest filterListRequest = ListQueuesRequest.builder() .queueNamePrefix(namePrefix) .build(); ListQueuesResponse listQueuesFilteredResponse = sqsClient.listQueues(filterListRequest); System.out.println("Queue URLs with prefix: " + namePrefix); for (String url : listQueuesFilteredResponse.queueUrls()) { System.out.println(url); } System.out.println("\nSend message"); try { sqsClient.sendMessage(SendMessageRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .messageBody("Hello world!") .delaySeconds(10) .build()); } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } public static void sendBatchMessages(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueUrl) { System.out.println("\nSend multiple messages"); try { SendMessageBatchRequest sendMessageBatchRequest = SendMessageBatchRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .entries(SendMessageBatchRequestEntry.builder().id("id1").messageBody("Hello from msg 1").build(), SendMessageBatchRequestEntry.builder().id("id2").messageBody("msg 2").delaySeconds(10) .build()) .build(); sqsClient.sendMessageBatch(sendMessageBatchRequest); } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } public static List<Message> receiveMessages(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueUrl) { System.out.println("\nReceive messages"); try { ReceiveMessageRequest receiveMessageRequest = ReceiveMessageRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .maxNumberOfMessages(5) .build(); return sqsClient.receiveMessage(receiveMessageRequest).messages(); } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } return null; } public static void changeMessages(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueUrl, List<Message> messages) { System.out.println("\nChange Message Visibility"); try { for (Message message : messages) { ChangeMessageVisibilityRequest req = ChangeMessageVisibilityRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .receiptHandle(message.receiptHandle()) .visibilityTimeout(100) .build(); sqsClient.changeMessageVisibility(req); } } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } public static void deleteMessages(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueUrl, List<Message> messages) { System.out.println("\nDelete Messages"); try { for (Message message : messages) { DeleteMessageRequest deleteMessageRequest = DeleteMessageRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .receiptHandle(message.receiptHandle()) .build(); sqsClient.deleteMessage(deleteMessageRequest); } } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } }
  • 有关 API 的详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考CreateQueue中的。

以下代码示例演示如何使用 DeleteMessage

适用于 Java 的 SDK 2.x
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整实例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

try { for (Message message : messages) { DeleteMessageRequest deleteMessageRequest = DeleteMessageRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .receiptHandle(message.receiptHandle()) .build(); sqsClient.deleteMessage(deleteMessageRequest); } } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); }
  • 有关 API 的详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考DeleteMessage中的。

以下代码示例演示如何使用 DeleteQueue

适用于 Java 的 SDK 2.x
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整实例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.SqsClient; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.GetQueueUrlRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.DeleteQueueRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.SqsException; /** * Before running this Java V2 code example, set up your development * environment, including your credentials. * * For more information, see the following documentation topic: * * https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/latest/developer-guide/get-started.html */ public class DeleteQueue { public static void main(String[] args) { final String usage = """ Usage: <queueName> Where: queueName - The name of the Amazon SQS queue to delete. """; if (args.length != 1) { System.out.println(usage); System.exit(1); } String queueName = args[0]; SqsClient sqs = SqsClient.builder() .region(Region.US_WEST_2) .build(); deleteSQSQueue(sqs, queueName); sqs.close(); } public static void deleteSQSQueue(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueName) { try { GetQueueUrlRequest getQueueRequest = GetQueueUrlRequest.builder() .queueName(queueName) .build(); String queueUrl = sqsClient.getQueueUrl(getQueueRequest).queueUrl(); DeleteQueueRequest deleteQueueRequest = DeleteQueueRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .build(); sqsClient.deleteQueue(deleteQueueRequest); } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } }
  • 有关 API 的详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考DeleteQueue中的。

以下代码示例演示如何使用 GetQueueUrl

适用于 Java 的 SDK 2.x
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整实例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

GetQueueUrlResponse getQueueUrlResponse = sqsClient .getQueueUrl(GetQueueUrlRequest.builder().queueName(queueName).build()); return getQueueUrlResponse.queueUrl();
  • 有关 API 的详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考GetQueueUrl中的。

以下代码示例演示如何使用 ListQueues

适用于 Java 的 SDK 2.x
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整实例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

String prefix = "que"; try { ListQueuesRequest listQueuesRequest = ListQueuesRequest.builder().queueNamePrefix(prefix).build(); ListQueuesResponse listQueuesResponse = sqsClient.listQueues(listQueuesRequest); for (String url : listQueuesResponse.queueUrls()) { System.out.println(url); } } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); }
  • 有关 API 的详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考ListQueues中的。

以下代码示例演示如何使用 ReceiveMessage

适用于 Java 的 SDK 2.x
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整实例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

try { ReceiveMessageRequest receiveMessageRequest = ReceiveMessageRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .maxNumberOfMessages(5) .build(); return sqsClient.receiveMessage(receiveMessageRequest).messages(); } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } return null;
  • 有关 API 的详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考ReceiveMessage中的。

以下代码示例演示如何使用 SendMessage

适用于 Java 的 SDK 2.x
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整实例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

import software.amazon.awssdk.auth.credentials.ProfileCredentialsProvider; import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.SqsClient; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.CreateQueueRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.GetQueueUrlRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.SendMessageRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.SqsException; /** * Before running this Java V2 code example, set up your development * environment, including your credentials. * * For more information, see the following documentation topic: * * https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/latest/developer-guide/get-started.html */ public class SendMessages { public static void main(String[] args) { final String usage = """ Usage: <queueName> <message> Where: queueName - The name of the queue. message - The message to send. """; if (args.length != 2) { System.out.println(usage); System.exit(1); } String queueName = args[0]; String message = args[1]; SqsClient sqsClient = SqsClient.builder() .region(Region.US_WEST_2) .build(); sendMessage(sqsClient, queueName, message); sqsClient.close(); } public static void sendMessage(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueName, String message) { try { CreateQueueRequest request = CreateQueueRequest.builder() .queueName(queueName) .build(); sqsClient.createQueue(request); GetQueueUrlRequest getQueueRequest = GetQueueUrlRequest.builder() .queueName(queueName) .build(); String queueUrl = sqsClient.getQueueUrl(getQueueRequest).queueUrl(); SendMessageRequest sendMsgRequest = SendMessageRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .messageBody(message) .delaySeconds(5) .build(); sqsClient.sendMessage(sendMsgRequest); } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } }
  • 有关 API 的详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考SendMessage中的。

以下代码示例演示如何使用 SendMessageBatch

适用于 Java 的 SDK 2.x
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整实例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

SendMessageBatchRequest sendMessageBatchRequest = SendMessageBatchRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .entries(SendMessageBatchRequestEntry.builder().id("id1").messageBody("Hello from msg 1").build(), SendMessageBatchRequestEntry.builder().id("id2").messageBody("msg 2").delaySeconds(10) .build()) .build(); sqsClient.sendMessageBatch(sendMessageBatchRequest);
  • 有关 API 的详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考SendMessageBatch中的。

场景

以下代码示例显示了如何创建并发布到 Amazon SNS FIFO 主题。

适用于 Java 的 SDK 2.x
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整实例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

此示例

  • 创建一个 Amazon SNS FIFO 主题、两个 Amazon SQS FIFO 队列和一个标准队列。

  • 将队列订阅到主题,发布一条消息到主题。

测试验证每个队列是否收到消息。完整的示例还显示了添加访问策略,并在最后删除了资源。

public class PriceUpdateExample { public final static SnsClient snsClient = SnsClient.create(); public final static SqsClient sqsClient = SqsClient.create(); public static void main(String[] args) { final String usage = "\n" + "Usage: " + " <topicName> <wholesaleQueueFifoName> <retailQueueFifoName> <analyticsQueueName>\n\n" + "Where:\n" + " fifoTopicName - The name of the FIFO topic that you want to create. \n\n" + " wholesaleQueueARN - The name of a SQS FIFO queue that will be created for the wholesale consumer. \n\n" + " retailQueueARN - The name of a SQS FIFO queue that will created for the retail consumer. \n\n" + " analyticsQueueARN - The name of a SQS standard queue that will be created for the analytics consumer. \n\n"; if (args.length != 4) { System.out.println(usage); System.exit(1); } final String fifoTopicName = args[0]; final String wholeSaleQueueName = args[1]; final String retailQueueName = args[2]; final String analyticsQueueName = args[3]; // For convenience, the QueueData class holds metadata about a queue: ARN, URL, // name and type. List<QueueData> queues = List.of( new QueueData(wholeSaleQueueName, QueueType.FIFO), new QueueData(retailQueueName, QueueType.FIFO), new QueueData(analyticsQueueName, QueueType.Standard)); // Create queues. createQueues(queues); // Create a topic. String topicARN = createFIFOTopic(fifoTopicName); // Subscribe each queue to the topic. subscribeQueues(queues, topicARN); // Allow the newly created topic to send messages to the queues. addAccessPolicyToQueuesFINAL(queues, topicARN); // Publish a sample price update message with payload. publishPriceUpdate(topicARN, "{\"product\": 214, \"price\": 79.99}", "Consumables"); // Clean up resources. deleteSubscriptions(queues); deleteQueues(queues); deleteTopic(topicARN); } public static String createFIFOTopic(String topicName) { try { // Create a FIFO topic by using the SNS service client. Map<String, String> topicAttributes = Map.of( "FifoTopic", "true", "ContentBasedDeduplication", "false"); CreateTopicRequest topicRequest = CreateTopicRequest.builder() .name(topicName) .attributes(topicAttributes) .build(); CreateTopicResponse response = snsClient.createTopic(topicRequest); String topicArn = response.topicArn(); System.out.println("The topic ARN is" + topicArn); return topicArn; } catch (SnsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } return ""; } public static void subscribeQueues(List<QueueData> queues, String topicARN) { queues.forEach(queue -> { SubscribeRequest subscribeRequest = SubscribeRequest.builder() .topicArn(topicARN) .endpoint(queue.queueARN) .protocol("sqs") .build(); // Subscribe to the endpoint by using the SNS service client. // Only Amazon SQS queues can receive notifications from an Amazon SNS FIFO // topic. SubscribeResponse subscribeResponse = snsClient.subscribe(subscribeRequest); System.out.println("The queue [" + queue.queueARN + "] subscribed to the topic [" + topicARN + "]"); queue.subscriptionARN = subscribeResponse.subscriptionArn(); }); } public static void publishPriceUpdate(String topicArn, String payload, String groupId) { try { // Create and publish a message that updates the wholesale price. String subject = "Price Update"; String dedupId = UUID.randomUUID().toString(); String attributeName = "business"; String attributeValue = "wholesale"; MessageAttributeValue msgAttValue = MessageAttributeValue.builder() .dataType("String") .stringValue(attributeValue) .build(); Map<String, MessageAttributeValue> attributes = new HashMap<>(); attributes.put(attributeName, msgAttValue); PublishRequest pubRequest = PublishRequest.builder() .topicArn(topicArn) .subject(subject) .message(payload) .messageGroupId(groupId) .messageDeduplicationId(dedupId) .messageAttributes(attributes) .build(); final PublishResponse response = snsClient.publish(pubRequest); System.out.println(response.messageId()); System.out.println(response.sequenceNumber()); System.out.println("Message was published to " + topicArn); } catch (SnsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } }
  • 有关 API 详细信息,请参阅《Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考》中的以下主题。

以下代码示例演示了操作流程:

  • 创建主题(FIFO 或非 FIFO)。

  • 针对主题订阅多个队列,并提供应用筛选条件的选项。

  • 将消息发布到主题。

  • 轮询队列中是否有收到的消息。

适用于 Java 的 SDK 2.x
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

package com.example.sns; import software.amazon.awssdk.auth.credentials.EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider; import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sns.SnsClient; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sns.model.CreateTopicRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sns.model.CreateTopicResponse; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sns.model.DeleteTopicRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sns.model.DeleteTopicResponse; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sns.model.MessageAttributeValue; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sns.model.PublishRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sns.model.PublishResponse; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sns.model.SetSubscriptionAttributesRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sns.model.SnsException; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sns.model.SubscribeRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sns.model.SubscribeResponse; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sns.model.UnsubscribeRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sns.model.UnsubscribeResponse; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.SqsClient; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.CreateQueueRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.DeleteMessageBatchRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.DeleteMessageBatchRequestEntry; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.DeleteQueueRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.GetQueueAttributesRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.GetQueueAttributesResponse; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.GetQueueUrlRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.GetQueueUrlResponse; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.Message; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.QueueAttributeName; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.ReceiveMessageRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.SetQueueAttributesRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.SqsException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Scanner; import com.google.gson.Gson; import com.google.gson.JsonArray; import com.google.gson.JsonObject; import com.google.gson.JsonPrimitive; /** * Before running this Java V2 code example, set up your development * environment, including your credentials. * * For more information, see the following documentation topic: * * https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/latest/developer-guide/get-started.html * * This Java example performs these tasks: * * 1. Gives the user three options to choose from. * 2. Creates an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. * 3. Creates an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue. * 4. Gets the SQS queue Amazon Resource Name (ARN) attribute. * 5. Attaches an AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) policy to the queue. * 6. Subscribes to the SQS queue. * 7. Publishes a message to the topic. * 8. Displays the messages. * 9. Deletes the received message. * 10. Unsubscribes from the topic. * 11. Deletes the SNS topic. */ public class SNSWorkflow { public static final String DASHES = new String(new char[80]).replace("\0", "-"); public static void main(String[] args) { final String usage = "\n" + "Usage:\n" + " <fifoQueueARN>\n\n" + "Where:\n" + " accountId - Your AWS account Id value."; // if (args.length != 1) { // System.out.println(usage); // System.exit(1); // } SnsClient snsClient = SnsClient.builder() .region(Region.US_EAST_1) .credentialsProvider(EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider.create()) .build(); SqsClient sqsClient = SqsClient.builder() .region(Region.US_EAST_1) .credentialsProvider(EnvironmentVariableCredentialsProvider.create()) .build(); Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); String accountId = "814548047983"; String useFIFO; String duplication = "n"; String topicName; String deduplicationID = null; String groupId = null; String topicArn; String sqsQueueName; String sqsQueueUrl; String sqsQueueArn; String subscriptionArn; boolean selectFIFO = false; String message; List<Message> messageList; List<String> filterList = new ArrayList<>(); String msgAttValue = ""; System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println("Welcome to messaging with topics and queues."); System.out.println("In this workflow, you will create an SNS topic and subscribe an SQS queue to the topic.\n" + "You can select from several options for configuring the topic and the subscriptions for the queue.\n" + "You can then post to the topic and see the results in the queue."); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println("SNS topics can be configured as FIFO (First-In-First-Out).\n" + "FIFO topics deliver messages in order and support deduplication and message filtering.\n" + "Would you like to work with FIFO topics? (y/n)"); useFIFO = in.nextLine(); if (useFIFO.compareTo("y") == 0) { selectFIFO = true; System.out.println("You have selected FIFO"); System.out.println(" Because you have chosen a FIFO topic, deduplication is supported.\n" + " Deduplication IDs are either set in the message or automatically generated from content using a hash function.\n" + " If a message is successfully published to an SNS FIFO topic, any message published and determined to have the same deduplication ID,\n" + " within the five-minute deduplication interval, is accepted but not delivered.\n" + " For more information about deduplication, see https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sns/latest/dg/fifo-message-dedup.html."); System.out.println( "Would you like to use content-based deduplication instead of entering a deduplication ID? (y/n)"); duplication = in.nextLine(); if (duplication.compareTo("y") == 0) { System.out.println("Please enter a group id value"); groupId = in.nextLine(); } else { System.out.println("Please enter deduplication Id value"); deduplicationID = in.nextLine(); System.out.println("Please enter a group id value"); groupId = in.nextLine(); } } System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println("2. Create a topic."); System.out.println("Enter a name for your SNS topic."); topicName = in.nextLine(); if (selectFIFO) { System.out.println("Because you have selected a FIFO topic, '.fifo' must be appended to the topic name."); topicName = topicName + ".fifo"; System.out.println("The name of the topic is " + topicName); topicArn = createFIFO(snsClient, topicName, duplication); System.out.println("The ARN of the FIFO topic is " + topicArn); } else { System.out.println("The name of the topic is " + topicName); topicArn = createSNSTopic(snsClient, topicName); System.out.println("The ARN of the non-FIFO topic is " + topicArn); } System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println("3. Create an SQS queue."); System.out.println("Enter a name for your SQS queue."); sqsQueueName = in.nextLine(); if (selectFIFO) { sqsQueueName = sqsQueueName + ".fifo"; } sqsQueueUrl = createQueue(sqsClient, sqsQueueName, selectFIFO); System.out.println("The queue URL is " + sqsQueueUrl); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println("4. Get the SQS queue ARN attribute."); sqsQueueArn = getSQSQueueAttrs(sqsClient, sqsQueueUrl); System.out.println("The ARN of the new queue is " + sqsQueueArn); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println("5. Attach an IAM policy to the queue."); // Define the policy to use. Make sure that you change the REGION if you are // running this code // in a different region. String policy = "{\n" + " \"Statement\": [\n" + " {\n" + " \"Effect\": \"Allow\",\n" + " \"Principal\": {\n" + " \"Service\": \"sns.amazonaws.com\"\n" + " },\n" + " \"Action\": \"sqs:SendMessage\",\n" + " \"Resource\": \"arn:aws:sqs:us-east-1:" + accountId + ":" + sqsQueueName + "\",\n" + " \"Condition\": {\n" + " \"ArnEquals\": {\n" + " \"aws:SourceArn\": \"arn:aws:sns:us-east-1:" + accountId + ":" + topicName + "\"\n" + " }\n" + " }\n" + " }\n" + " ]\n" + " }"; setQueueAttr(sqsClient, sqsQueueUrl, policy); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println("6. Subscribe to the SQS queue."); if (selectFIFO) { System.out.println( "If you add a filter to this subscription, then only the filtered messages will be received in the queue.\n" + "For information about message filtering, see https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sns/latest/dg/sns-message-filtering.html\n" + "For this example, you can filter messages by a \"tone\" attribute."); System.out.println("Would you like to filter messages for " + sqsQueueName + "'s subscription to the topic " + topicName + "? (y/n)"); String filterAns = in.nextLine(); if (filterAns.compareTo("y") == 0) { boolean moreAns = false; System.out.println("You can filter messages by one or more of the following \"tone\" attributes."); System.out.println("1. cheerful"); System.out.println("2. funny"); System.out.println("3. serious"); System.out.println("4. sincere"); while (!moreAns) { System.out.println("Select a number or choose 0 to end."); String ans = in.nextLine(); switch (ans) { case "1": filterList.add("cheerful"); break; case "2": filterList.add("funny"); break; case "3": filterList.add("serious"); break; case "4": filterList.add("sincere"); break; default: moreAns = true; break; } } } } subscriptionArn = subQueue(snsClient, topicArn, sqsQueueArn, filterList); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println("7. Publish a message to the topic."); if (selectFIFO) { System.out.println("Would you like to add an attribute to this message? (y/n)"); String msgAns = in.nextLine(); if (msgAns.compareTo("y") == 0) { System.out.println("You can filter messages by one or more of the following \"tone\" attributes."); System.out.println("1. cheerful"); System.out.println("2. funny"); System.out.println("3. serious"); System.out.println("4. sincere"); System.out.println("Select a number or choose 0 to end."); String ans = in.nextLine(); switch (ans) { case "1": msgAttValue = "cheerful"; break; case "2": msgAttValue = "funny"; break; case "3": msgAttValue = "serious"; break; default: msgAttValue = "sincere"; break; } System.out.println("Selected value is " + msgAttValue); } System.out.println("Enter a message."); message = in.nextLine(); pubMessageFIFO(snsClient, message, topicArn, msgAttValue, duplication, groupId, deduplicationID); } else { System.out.println("Enter a message."); message = in.nextLine(); pubMessage(snsClient, message, topicArn); } System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println("8. Display the message. Press any key to continue."); in.nextLine(); messageList = receiveMessages(sqsClient, sqsQueueUrl, msgAttValue); for (Message mes : messageList) { System.out.println("Message Id: " + mes.messageId()); System.out.println("Full Message: " + mes.body()); } System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println("9. Delete the received message. Press any key to continue."); in.nextLine(); deleteMessages(sqsClient, sqsQueueUrl, messageList); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println("10. Unsubscribe from the topic and delete the queue. Press any key to continue."); in.nextLine(); unSub(snsClient, subscriptionArn); deleteSQSQueue(sqsClient, sqsQueueName); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println("11. Delete the topic. Press any key to continue."); in.nextLine(); deleteSNSTopic(snsClient, topicArn); System.out.println(DASHES); System.out.println("The SNS/SQS workflow has completed successfully."); System.out.println(DASHES); } public static void deleteSNSTopic(SnsClient snsClient, String topicArn) { try { DeleteTopicRequest request = DeleteTopicRequest.builder() .topicArn(topicArn) .build(); DeleteTopicResponse result = snsClient.deleteTopic(request); System.out.println("Status was " + result.sdkHttpResponse().statusCode()); } catch (SnsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } public static void deleteSQSQueue(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueName) { try { GetQueueUrlRequest getQueueRequest = GetQueueUrlRequest.builder() .queueName(queueName) .build(); String queueUrl = sqsClient.getQueueUrl(getQueueRequest).queueUrl(); DeleteQueueRequest deleteQueueRequest = DeleteQueueRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .build(); sqsClient.deleteQueue(deleteQueueRequest); System.out.println(queueName + " was successfully deleted."); } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } public static void unSub(SnsClient snsClient, String subscriptionArn) { try { UnsubscribeRequest request = UnsubscribeRequest.builder() .subscriptionArn(subscriptionArn) .build(); UnsubscribeResponse result = snsClient.unsubscribe(request); System.out.println("Status was " + result.sdkHttpResponse().statusCode() + "\nSubscription was removed for " + request.subscriptionArn()); } catch (SnsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } public static void deleteMessages(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueUrl, List<Message> messages) { try { List<DeleteMessageBatchRequestEntry> entries = new ArrayList<>(); for (Message msg : messages) { DeleteMessageBatchRequestEntry entry = DeleteMessageBatchRequestEntry.builder() .id(msg.messageId()) .build(); entries.add(entry); } DeleteMessageBatchRequest deleteMessageBatchRequest = DeleteMessageBatchRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .entries(entries) .build(); sqsClient.deleteMessageBatch(deleteMessageBatchRequest); System.out.println("The batch delete of messages was successful"); } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } public static List<Message> receiveMessages(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueUrl, String msgAttValue) { try { if (msgAttValue.isEmpty()) { ReceiveMessageRequest receiveMessageRequest = ReceiveMessageRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .maxNumberOfMessages(5) .build(); return sqsClient.receiveMessage(receiveMessageRequest).messages(); } else { // We know there are filters on the message. ReceiveMessageRequest receiveRequest = ReceiveMessageRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .messageAttributeNames(msgAttValue) // Include other message attributes if needed. .maxNumberOfMessages(5) .build(); return sqsClient.receiveMessage(receiveRequest).messages(); } } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } return null; } public static void pubMessage(SnsClient snsClient, String message, String topicArn) { try { PublishRequest request = PublishRequest.builder() .message(message) .topicArn(topicArn) .build(); PublishResponse result = snsClient.publish(request); System.out .println(result.messageId() + " Message sent. Status is " + result.sdkHttpResponse().statusCode()); } catch (SnsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } public static void pubMessageFIFO(SnsClient snsClient, String message, String topicArn, String msgAttValue, String duplication, String groupId, String deduplicationID) { try { PublishRequest request; // Means the user did not choose to use a message attribute. if (msgAttValue.isEmpty()) { if (duplication.compareTo("y") == 0) { request = PublishRequest.builder() .message(message) .messageGroupId(groupId) .topicArn(topicArn) .build(); } else { request = PublishRequest.builder() .message(message) .messageDeduplicationId(deduplicationID) .messageGroupId(groupId) .topicArn(topicArn) .build(); } } else { Map<String, MessageAttributeValue> messageAttributes = new HashMap<>(); messageAttributes.put(msgAttValue, MessageAttributeValue.builder() .dataType("String") .stringValue("true") .build()); if (duplication.compareTo("y") == 0) { request = PublishRequest.builder() .message(message) .messageGroupId(groupId) .topicArn(topicArn) .build(); } else { // Create a publish request with the message and attributes. request = PublishRequest.builder() .topicArn(topicArn) .message(message) .messageDeduplicationId(deduplicationID) .messageGroupId(groupId) .messageAttributes(messageAttributes) .build(); } } // Publish the message to the topic. PublishResponse result = snsClient.publish(request); System.out .println(result.messageId() + " Message sent. Status was " + result.sdkHttpResponse().statusCode()); } catch (SnsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } // Subscribe to the SQS queue. public static String subQueue(SnsClient snsClient, String topicArn, String queueArn, List<String> filterList) { try { SubscribeRequest request; if (filterList.isEmpty()) { // No filter subscription is added. request = SubscribeRequest.builder() .protocol("sqs") .endpoint(queueArn) .returnSubscriptionArn(true) .topicArn(topicArn) .build(); SubscribeResponse result = snsClient.subscribe(request); System.out.println("The queue " + queueArn + " has been subscribed to the topic " + topicArn + "\n" + "with the subscription ARN " + result.subscriptionArn()); return result.subscriptionArn(); } else { request = SubscribeRequest.builder() .protocol("sqs") .endpoint(queueArn) .returnSubscriptionArn(true) .topicArn(topicArn) .build(); SubscribeResponse result = snsClient.subscribe(request); System.out.println("The queue " + queueArn + " has been subscribed to the topic " + topicArn + "\n" + "with the subscription ARN " + result.subscriptionArn()); String attributeName = "FilterPolicy"; Gson gson = new Gson(); String jsonString = "{\"tone\": []}"; JsonObject jsonObject = gson.fromJson(jsonString, JsonObject.class); JsonArray toneArray = jsonObject.getAsJsonArray("tone"); for (String value : filterList) { toneArray.add(new JsonPrimitive(value)); } String updatedJsonString = gson.toJson(jsonObject); System.out.println(updatedJsonString); SetSubscriptionAttributesRequest attRequest = SetSubscriptionAttributesRequest.builder() .subscriptionArn(result.subscriptionArn()) .attributeName(attributeName) .attributeValue(updatedJsonString) .build(); snsClient.setSubscriptionAttributes(attRequest); return result.subscriptionArn(); } } catch (SnsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } return ""; } // Attach a policy to the queue. public static void setQueueAttr(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueUrl, String policy) { try { Map<software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.QueueAttributeName, String> attrMap = new HashMap<>(); attrMap.put(QueueAttributeName.POLICY, policy); SetQueueAttributesRequest attributesRequest = SetQueueAttributesRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .attributes(attrMap) .build(); sqsClient.setQueueAttributes(attributesRequest); System.out.println("The policy has been successfully attached."); } catch (SnsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } public static String getSQSQueueAttrs(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueUrl) { // Specify the attributes to retrieve. List<QueueAttributeName> atts = new ArrayList<>(); atts.add(QueueAttributeName.QUEUE_ARN); GetQueueAttributesRequest attributesRequest = GetQueueAttributesRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .attributeNames(atts) .build(); GetQueueAttributesResponse response = sqsClient.getQueueAttributes(attributesRequest); Map<String, String> queueAtts = response.attributesAsStrings(); for (Map.Entry<String, String> queueAtt : queueAtts.entrySet()) return queueAtt.getValue(); return ""; } public static String createQueue(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueName, Boolean selectFIFO) { try { System.out.println("\nCreate Queue"); if (selectFIFO) { Map<QueueAttributeName, String> attrs = new HashMap<>(); attrs.put(QueueAttributeName.FIFO_QUEUE, "true"); CreateQueueRequest createQueueRequest = CreateQueueRequest.builder() .queueName(queueName) .attributes(attrs) .build(); sqsClient.createQueue(createQueueRequest); System.out.println("\nGet queue url"); GetQueueUrlResponse getQueueUrlResponse = sqsClient .getQueueUrl(GetQueueUrlRequest.builder().queueName(queueName).build()); return getQueueUrlResponse.queueUrl(); } else { CreateQueueRequest createQueueRequest = CreateQueueRequest.builder() .queueName(queueName) .build(); sqsClient.createQueue(createQueueRequest); System.out.println("\nGet queue url"); GetQueueUrlResponse getQueueUrlResponse = sqsClient .getQueueUrl(GetQueueUrlRequest.builder().queueName(queueName).build()); return getQueueUrlResponse.queueUrl(); } } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } return ""; } public static String createSNSTopic(SnsClient snsClient, String topicName) { CreateTopicResponse result; try { CreateTopicRequest request = CreateTopicRequest.builder() .name(topicName) .build(); result = snsClient.createTopic(request); return result.topicArn(); } catch (SnsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } return ""; } public static String createFIFO(SnsClient snsClient, String topicName, String duplication) { try { // Create a FIFO topic by using the SNS service client. Map<String, String> topicAttributes = new HashMap<>(); if (duplication.compareTo("n") == 0) { topicAttributes.put("FifoTopic", "true"); topicAttributes.put("ContentBasedDeduplication", "false"); } else { topicAttributes.put("FifoTopic", "true"); topicAttributes.put("ContentBasedDeduplication", "true"); } CreateTopicRequest topicRequest = CreateTopicRequest.builder() .name(topicName) .attributes(topicAttributes) .build(); CreateTopicResponse response = snsClient.createTopic(topicRequest); return response.topicArn(); } catch (SnsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } return ""; } }

无服务器示例

以下代码示例展示了如何实现一个 Lambda 函数,该函数接收因接收来自 SNS 队列的消息而触发的事件。该函数从事件参数检索消息并记录每条消息的内容。

适用于 Java 的 SDK 2.x
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在无服务器示例存储库中查找完整示例,并了解如何进行设置和运行。

通过 Java 将 SQS 事件与 Lambda 结合使用。

// Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.Context; import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.RequestHandler; import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.events.SQSEvent; import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.events.SQSEvent.SQSMessage; public class Function implements RequestHandler<SQSEvent, Void> { @Override public Void handleRequest(SQSEvent sqsEvent, Context context) { for (SQSMessage msg : sqsEvent.getRecords()) { processMessage(msg, context); } context.getLogger().log("done"); return null; } private void processMessage(SQSMessage msg, Context context) { try { context.getLogger().log("Processed message " + msg.getBody()); // TODO: Do interesting work based on the new message } catch (Exception e) { context.getLogger().log("An error occurred"); throw e; } } }

以下代码示例展示了如何为接收来自 SQS 队列的事件的 Lambda 函数实现部分批处理响应。该函数在响应中报告批处理项目失败,并指示 Lambda 稍后重试这些消息。

适用于 Java 的 SDK 2.x
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在无服务器示例存储库中查找完整示例,并了解如何进行设置和运行。

报告使用 Java 进行 Lambda SQS 批处理项目失败。

// Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.Context; import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.RequestHandler; import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.events.SQSEvent; import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.events.SQSBatchResponse; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class ProcessSQSMessageBatch implements RequestHandler<SQSEvent, SQSBatchResponse> { @Override public SQSBatchResponse handleRequest(SQSEvent sqsEvent, Context context) { List<SQSBatchResponse.BatchItemFailure> batchItemFailures = new ArrayList<SQSBatchResponse.BatchItemFailure>(); String messageId = ""; for (SQSEvent.SQSMessage message : sqsEvent.getRecords()) { try { //process your message messageId = message.getMessageId(); } catch (Exception e) { //Add failed message identifier to the batchItemFailures list batchItemFailures.add(new SQSBatchResponse.BatchItemFailure(messageId)); } } return new SQSBatchResponse(batchItemFailures); } }