使用 SDK for Java 2.x 的 Amazon SQS 示例 - Amazon SDK for Java 2.x
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使用 SDK for Java 2.x 的 Amazon SQS 示例

以下代码示例向您展示了如何使用 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x 与 Amazon SQS 配合使用来执行操作和实现常见场景。

操作是大型程序的代码摘录,必须在上下文中运行。您可以通过操作了解如何调用单个服务函数,还可以通过函数相关场景和跨服务示例的上下文查看操作。

场景 是展示如何通过在同一服务中调用多个函数来完成特定任务的代码示例。

每个示例都包含一个指向的链接 GitHub,您可以在其中找到有关如何在上下文中设置和运行代码的说明。

开始使用

以下代码示例演示了如何开始使用 Amazon SQS。

适用于 Java 2.x 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.SqsClient; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.SqsException; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.paginators.ListQueuesIterable; /** * Before running this Java V2 code example, set up your development * environment, including your credentials. * * For more information, see the following documentation topic: * * https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/latest/developer-guide/get-started.html */ public class HelloSQS { public static void main(String[] args) { SqsClient sqsClient = SqsClient.builder() .region(Region.US_WEST_2) .build(); listQueues(sqsClient); sqsClient.close(); } public static void listQueues(SqsClient sqsClient) { try { ListQueuesIterable listQueues = sqsClient.listQueuesPaginator(); listQueues.stream() .flatMap(r -> r.queueUrls().stream()) .forEach(content -> System.out.println(" Queue URL: " + content.toLowerCase())); } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } }
  • 有关 API 的详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考ListQueues中的。

操作

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 CreateQueue

适用于 Java 2.x 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.SqsClient; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.ChangeMessageVisibilityRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.CreateQueueRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.DeleteMessageRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.GetQueueUrlRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.GetQueueUrlResponse; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.ListQueuesRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.ListQueuesResponse; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.Message; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.ReceiveMessageRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.SendMessageBatchRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.SendMessageBatchRequestEntry; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.SendMessageRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.SqsException; import java.util.List; /** * Before running this Java V2 code example, set up your development * environment, including your credentials. * * For more information, see the following documentation topic: * * https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/latest/developer-guide/get-started.html */ public class SQSExample { public static void main(String[] args) { String queueName = "queue" + System.currentTimeMillis(); SqsClient sqsClient = SqsClient.builder() .region(Region.US_WEST_2) .build(); // Perform various tasks on the Amazon SQS queue. String queueUrl = createQueue(sqsClient, queueName); listQueues(sqsClient); listQueuesFilter(sqsClient, queueUrl); List<Message> messages = receiveMessages(sqsClient, queueUrl); sendBatchMessages(sqsClient, queueUrl); changeMessages(sqsClient, queueUrl, messages); deleteMessages(sqsClient, queueUrl, messages); sqsClient.close(); } public static String createQueue(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueName) { try { System.out.println("\nCreate Queue"); CreateQueueRequest createQueueRequest = CreateQueueRequest.builder() .queueName(queueName) .build(); sqsClient.createQueue(createQueueRequest); System.out.println("\nGet queue url"); GetQueueUrlResponse getQueueUrlResponse = sqsClient .getQueueUrl(GetQueueUrlRequest.builder().queueName(queueName).build()); return getQueueUrlResponse.queueUrl(); } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } return ""; } public static void listQueues(SqsClient sqsClient) { System.out.println("\nList Queues"); String prefix = "que"; try { ListQueuesRequest listQueuesRequest = ListQueuesRequest.builder().queueNamePrefix(prefix).build(); ListQueuesResponse listQueuesResponse = sqsClient.listQueues(listQueuesRequest); for (String url : listQueuesResponse.queueUrls()) { System.out.println(url); } } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } public static void listQueuesFilter(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueUrl) { // List queues with filters String namePrefix = "queue"; ListQueuesRequest filterListRequest = ListQueuesRequest.builder() .queueNamePrefix(namePrefix) .build(); ListQueuesResponse listQueuesFilteredResponse = sqsClient.listQueues(filterListRequest); System.out.println("Queue URLs with prefix: " + namePrefix); for (String url : listQueuesFilteredResponse.queueUrls()) { System.out.println(url); } System.out.println("\nSend message"); try { sqsClient.sendMessage(SendMessageRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .messageBody("Hello world!") .delaySeconds(10) .build()); } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } public static void sendBatchMessages(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueUrl) { System.out.println("\nSend multiple messages"); try { SendMessageBatchRequest sendMessageBatchRequest = SendMessageBatchRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .entries(SendMessageBatchRequestEntry.builder().id("id1").messageBody("Hello from msg 1").build(), SendMessageBatchRequestEntry.builder().id("id2").messageBody("msg 2").delaySeconds(10) .build()) .build(); sqsClient.sendMessageBatch(sendMessageBatchRequest); } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } public static List<Message> receiveMessages(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueUrl) { System.out.println("\nReceive messages"); try { ReceiveMessageRequest receiveMessageRequest = ReceiveMessageRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .maxNumberOfMessages(5) .build(); return sqsClient.receiveMessage(receiveMessageRequest).messages(); } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } return null; } public static void changeMessages(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueUrl, List<Message> messages) { System.out.println("\nChange Message Visibility"); try { for (Message message : messages) { ChangeMessageVisibilityRequest req = ChangeMessageVisibilityRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .receiptHandle(message.receiptHandle()) .visibilityTimeout(100) .build(); sqsClient.changeMessageVisibility(req); } } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } public static void deleteMessages(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueUrl, List<Message> messages) { System.out.println("\nDelete Messages"); try { for (Message message : messages) { DeleteMessageRequest deleteMessageRequest = DeleteMessageRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .receiptHandle(message.receiptHandle()) .build(); sqsClient.deleteMessage(deleteMessageRequest); } } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } }
  • 有关 API 的详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考CreateQueue中的。

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 DeleteMessage

适用于 Java 2.x 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

try { for (Message message : messages) { DeleteMessageRequest deleteMessageRequest = DeleteMessageRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .receiptHandle(message.receiptHandle()) .build(); sqsClient.deleteMessage(deleteMessageRequest); } } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); }
  • 有关 API 的详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考DeleteMessage中的。

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 DeleteQueue

适用于 Java 2.x 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.SqsClient; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.GetQueueUrlRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.DeleteQueueRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.SqsException; /** * Before running this Java V2 code example, set up your development * environment, including your credentials. * * For more information, see the following documentation topic: * * https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/latest/developer-guide/get-started.html */ public class DeleteQueue { public static void main(String[] args) { final String usage = """ Usage: <queueName> Where: queueName - The name of the Amazon SQS queue to delete. """; if (args.length != 1) { System.out.println(usage); System.exit(1); } String queueName = args[0]; SqsClient sqs = SqsClient.builder() .region(Region.US_WEST_2) .build(); deleteSQSQueue(sqs, queueName); sqs.close(); } public static void deleteSQSQueue(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueName) { try { GetQueueUrlRequest getQueueRequest = GetQueueUrlRequest.builder() .queueName(queueName) .build(); String queueUrl = sqsClient.getQueueUrl(getQueueRequest).queueUrl(); DeleteQueueRequest deleteQueueRequest = DeleteQueueRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .build(); sqsClient.deleteQueue(deleteQueueRequest); } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } }
  • 有关 API 的详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考DeleteQueue中的。

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 GetQueueUrl

适用于 Java 2.x 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

GetQueueUrlResponse getQueueUrlResponse = sqsClient .getQueueUrl(GetQueueUrlRequest.builder().queueName(queueName).build()); return getQueueUrlResponse.queueUrl();
  • 有关 API 的详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考GetQueueUrl中的。

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 ListQueues

适用于 Java 2.x 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

String prefix = "que"; try { ListQueuesRequest listQueuesRequest = ListQueuesRequest.builder().queueNamePrefix(prefix).build(); ListQueuesResponse listQueuesResponse = sqsClient.listQueues(listQueuesRequest); for (String url : listQueuesResponse.queueUrls()) { System.out.println(url); } } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); }
  • 有关 API 的详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考ListQueues中的。

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 ReceiveMessage

适用于 Java 2.x 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

try { ReceiveMessageRequest receiveMessageRequest = ReceiveMessageRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .maxNumberOfMessages(5) .build(); return sqsClient.receiveMessage(receiveMessageRequest).messages(); } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } return null;
  • 有关 API 的详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考ReceiveMessage中的。

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 SendMessage

适用于 Java 2.x 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

import software.amazon.awssdk.auth.credentials.ProfileCredentialsProvider; import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.SqsClient; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.CreateQueueRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.GetQueueUrlRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.SendMessageRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sqs.model.SqsException; /** * Before running this Java V2 code example, set up your development * environment, including your credentials. * * For more information, see the following documentation topic: * * https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/latest/developer-guide/get-started.html */ public class SendMessages { public static void main(String[] args) { final String usage = """ Usage: <queueName> <message> Where: queueName - The name of the queue. message - The message to send. """; if (args.length != 2) { System.out.println(usage); System.exit(1); } String queueName = args[0]; String message = args[1]; SqsClient sqsClient = SqsClient.builder() .region(Region.US_WEST_2) .build(); sendMessage(sqsClient, queueName, message); sqsClient.close(); } public static void sendMessage(SqsClient sqsClient, String queueName, String message) { try { CreateQueueRequest request = CreateQueueRequest.builder() .queueName(queueName) .build(); sqsClient.createQueue(request); GetQueueUrlRequest getQueueRequest = GetQueueUrlRequest.builder() .queueName(queueName) .build(); String queueUrl = sqsClient.getQueueUrl(getQueueRequest).queueUrl(); SendMessageRequest sendMsgRequest = SendMessageRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .messageBody(message) .delaySeconds(5) .build(); sqsClient.sendMessage(sendMsgRequest); } catch (SqsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } }
  • 有关 API 的详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考SendMessage中的。

以下代码示例演示了如何使用 SendMessageBatch

适用于 Java 2.x 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

SendMessageBatchRequest sendMessageBatchRequest = SendMessageBatchRequest.builder() .queueUrl(queueUrl) .entries(SendMessageBatchRequestEntry.builder().id("id1").messageBody("Hello from msg 1").build(), SendMessageBatchRequestEntry.builder().id("id2").messageBody("msg 2").delaySeconds(10) .build()) .build(); sqsClient.sendMessageBatch(sendMessageBatchRequest);
  • 有关 API 的详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考SendMessageBatch中的。

场景

以下代码示例显示了如何创建并发布到 Amazon SNS FIFO 主题。

适用于 Java 2.x 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

此示例

  • 创建一个 Amazon SNS FIFO 主题、两个 Amazon SQS FIFO 队列和一个标准队列。

  • 将队列订阅到主题,发布一条消息到主题。

测试验证每个队列是否收到消息。完整的示例还显示了添加访问策略,并在最后删除了资源。

public class PriceUpdateExample { public final static SnsClient snsClient = SnsClient.create(); public final static SqsClient sqsClient = SqsClient.create(); public static void main(String[] args) { final String usage = "\n" + "Usage: " + " <topicName> <wholesaleQueueFifoName> <retailQueueFifoName> <analyticsQueueName>\n\n" + "Where:\n" + " fifoTopicName - The name of the FIFO topic that you want to create. \n\n" + " wholesaleQueueARN - The name of a SQS FIFO queue that will be created for the wholesale consumer. \n\n" + " retailQueueARN - The name of a SQS FIFO queue that will created for the retail consumer. \n\n" + " analyticsQueueARN - The name of a SQS standard queue that will be created for the analytics consumer. \n\n"; if (args.length != 4) { System.out.println(usage); System.exit(1); } final String fifoTopicName = args[0]; final String wholeSaleQueueName = args[1]; final String retailQueueName = args[2]; final String analyticsQueueName = args[3]; // For convenience, the QueueData class holds metadata about a queue: ARN, URL, // name and type. List<QueueData> queues = List.of( new QueueData(wholeSaleQueueName, QueueType.FIFO), new QueueData(retailQueueName, QueueType.FIFO), new QueueData(analyticsQueueName, QueueType.Standard)); // Create queues. createQueues(queues); // Create a topic. String topicARN = createFIFOTopic(fifoTopicName); // Subscribe each queue to the topic. subscribeQueues(queues, topicARN); // Allow the newly created topic to send messages to the queues. addAccessPolicyToQueuesFINAL(queues, topicARN); // Publish a sample price update message with payload. publishPriceUpdate(topicARN, "{\"product\": 214, \"price\": 79.99}", "Consumables"); // Clean up resources. deleteSubscriptions(queues); deleteQueues(queues); deleteTopic(topicARN); } public static String createFIFOTopic(String topicName) { try { // Create a FIFO topic by using the SNS service client. Map<String, String> topicAttributes = Map.of( "FifoTopic", "true", "ContentBasedDeduplication", "false"); CreateTopicRequest topicRequest = CreateTopicRequest.builder() .name(topicName) .attributes(topicAttributes) .build(); CreateTopicResponse response = snsClient.createTopic(topicRequest); String topicArn = response.topicArn(); System.out.println("The topic ARN is" + topicArn); return topicArn; } catch (SnsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } return ""; } public static void subscribeQueues(List<QueueData> queues, String topicARN) { queues.forEach(queue -> { SubscribeRequest subscribeRequest = SubscribeRequest.builder() .topicArn(topicARN) .endpoint(queue.queueARN) .protocol("sqs") .build(); // Subscribe to the endpoint by using the SNS service client. // Only Amazon SQS queues can receive notifications from an Amazon SNS FIFO // topic. SubscribeResponse subscribeResponse = snsClient.subscribe(subscribeRequest); System.out.println("The queue [" + queue.queueARN + "] subscribed to the topic [" + topicARN + "]"); queue.subscriptionARN = subscribeResponse.subscriptionArn(); }); } public static void publishPriceUpdate(String topicArn, String payload, String groupId) { try { // Create and publish a message that updates the wholesale price. String subject = "Price Update"; String dedupId = UUID.randomUUID().toString(); String attributeName = "business"; String attributeValue = "wholesale"; MessageAttributeValue msgAttValue = MessageAttributeValue.builder() .dataType("String") .stringValue(attributeValue) .build(); Map<String, MessageAttributeValue> attributes = new HashMap<>(); attributes.put(attributeName, msgAttValue); PublishRequest pubRequest = PublishRequest.builder() .topicArn(topicArn) .subject(subject) .message(payload) .messageGroupId(groupId) .messageDeduplicationId(dedupId) .messageAttributes(attributes) .build(); final PublishResponse response = snsClient.publish(pubRequest); System.out.println(response.messageId()); System.out.println(response.sequenceNumber()); System.out.println("Message was published to " + topicArn); } catch (SnsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } }
  • 有关 API 详细信息,请参阅《Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考》中的以下主题。

无服务器示例

以下代码示例展示了如何实现一个 Lambda 函数,该函数接收因接收来自 SNS 队列的消息而触发的事件。该函数从事件参数检索消息并记录每条消息的内容。

适用于 Java 2.x 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在无服务器示例存储库中查找完整示例,并了解如何进行设置和运行。

通过 Java 将 SQS 事件与 Lambda 结合使用。

// Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.Context; import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.RequestHandler; import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.events.SQSEvent; import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.events.SQSEvent.SQSMessage; public class Function implements RequestHandler<SQSEvent, Void> { @Override public Void handleRequest(SQSEvent sqsEvent, Context context) { for (SQSMessage msg : sqsEvent.getRecords()) { processMessage(msg, context); } context.getLogger().log("done"); return null; } private void processMessage(SQSMessage msg, Context context) { try { context.getLogger().log("Processed message " + msg.getBody()); // TODO: Do interesting work based on the new message } catch (Exception e) { context.getLogger().log("An error occurred"); throw e; } } }

以下代码示例展示了如何为接收来自 SQS 队列的事件的 Lambda 函数实现部分批处理响应。该函数在响应中报告批处理项目失败,并指示 Lambda 稍后重试这些消息。

适用于 Java 2.x 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在无服务器示例存储库中查找完整示例,并了解如何进行设置和运行。

报告使用 Java 进行 Lambda SQS 批处理项目失败。

// Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.Context; import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.RequestHandler; import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.events.SQSEvent; import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.events.SQSBatchResponse; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class ProcessSQSMessageBatch implements RequestHandler<SQSEvent, SQSBatchResponse> { @Override public SQSBatchResponse handleRequest(SQSEvent sqsEvent, Context context) { List<SQSBatchResponse.BatchItemFailure> batchItemFailures = new ArrayList<SQSBatchResponse.BatchItemFailure>(); String messageId = ""; for (SQSEvent.SQSMessage message : sqsEvent.getRecords()) { try { //process your message messageId = message.getMessageId(); } catch (Exception e) { //Add failed message identifier to the batchItemFailures list batchItemFailures.add(new SQSBatchResponse.BatchItemFailure(messageId)); } } return new SQSBatchResponse(batchItemFailures); } }