在 Amazon SQS 中发送和接收消息 - 适用于 Ruby 的 Amazon 开发工具包
先决条件示例
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在 Amazon SQS 中发送和接收消息

在 Amazon SQS 中创建队列后，您可以向其发送消息，然后使用它。要了解更多信息，请参阅教程：将消息发送到 Amazon SQS 队列和教程：从 Amazon SQS 队列接收和删除消息.

在此示例中，您使用Amazon使用Amazon SQS 的 SDK for Ruby 用于：

  1. 通过使用 Aws::SQS::Client#send_message 来向队列发送消息。

注意

如果您的队列是 FIFO 队列，则除了 message_group_id 和 id 参数外，还必须包括 message_body 参数。

  1. 通过使用 Aws::SQS::Client#receive_message 来接收队列中的消息。

  2. 显示有关消息的信息。

  3. 通过使用 Aws::SQS::Client#delete_message 来删除队列中的消息。

先决条件

在运行示例代码之前，您需要安装和配置AmazonSDK for Ruby，如中所述：

您可能还需要创建队列我的队，您可以在 Amazon SQS 控制台中执行此操作。

示例

# Copyright 2010-2019 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
#
# This file is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License").
# You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. A copy of the
# License is located at
#
# http://aws.amazon.com/apache2.0/
#
# This file is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS
# OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific
# language governing permissions and limitations under the License.

# Demonstrates how to:
# 1. Send a message to a queue.
# 2. Receive the message in the queue.
# 3. Display information about the message.
# 4. Delete the message from the queue.

require 'aws-sdk-sqs'  # v2: require 'aws-sdk'

sqs = Aws::SQS::Client.new(region: 'us-east-1')

# Send a message to a queue.
queue_name = "my-queue"

begin
  queue_url = sqs.get_queue_url(queue_name: queue_name).queue_url

  # Create a message with three custom attributes: Title, Author, and WeeksOn.
  send_message_result = sqs.send_message({
    queue_url: queue_url, 
    message_body: "Information about current NY Times fiction bestseller for week of 2016-12-11.",
    message_attributes: {
      "Title" => {
        string_value: "The Whistler",
        data_type: "String"
      },
      "Author" => {
        string_value: "John Grisham",
        data_type: "String"
      },
      "WeeksOn" => {
        string_value: "6",
        data_type: "Number"
      }
    }
  })
rescue Aws::SQS::Errors::NonExistentQueue
  puts "A queue named '#{queue_name}' does not exist."
  exit(false)
end

puts send_message_result.message_id

# Receive the message in the queue.
receive_message_result = sqs.receive_message({
  queue_url: queue_url, 
  message_attribute_names: ["All"], # Receive all custom attributes.
  max_number_of_messages: 1, # Receive at most one message.
  wait_time_seconds: 0 # Do not wait to check for the message.
})

# Display information about the message.
# Display the message's body and each custom attribute value.
receive_message_result.messages.each do |message|
  puts message.body 
  puts "Title: #{message.message_attributes["Title"]["string_value"]}"
  puts "Author: #{message.message_attributes["Author"]["string_value"]}"
  puts "WeeksOn: #{message.message_attributes["WeeksOn"]["string_value"]}"  

  # Delete the message from the queue.
  sqs.delete_message({
    queue_url: queue_url,
    receipt_handle: message.receipt_handle    
  })
end