电子邮件通知 - Amazon Simple Notification Service
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电子邮件通知

本页将介绍如何使用 Amazon Web Services Management Console、Amazon SDK for Java 或 Amazon SDK for .NET 将电子邮件地址订阅到 Amazon SNS 主题。

注意事项
  • 您无法自定义电子邮件消息的正文。电子邮件传输功能旨在提供内部系统提示,而不是营销消息。

  • 仅标准主题支持直接订阅电子邮件端点。

  • 电子邮件传输吞吐量根据 Amazon SNS 配额进行限制。

重要

要防止邮件列表接收人取消订阅来自 Amazon SNS 主题电子邮件的所有接收人,请参阅设置需要身份验证才能从 Amazon 支持取消订阅的电子邮件订阅

要使用 Amazon Web Services Management Console 将电子邮件地址订阅到 Amazon SNS 主题

  1. 登录 Amazon SNS 控制台

  2. 在左侧导航窗格中,选择订阅

  3. Subscriptions(订阅)页面上,选择 Create subscription(创建订阅)。

  4. Create subscription(创建订阅)页上的 Details(详细信息)部分中,执行以下操作:

    1. 对于 Topic ARN(主题 ARN),选择主题的 Amazon Resource Name (ARN)。

    2. 对于协议,选择电子邮件

    3. 对于 Endpoint(终端节点),输入电子邮件地址。

    4. (可选)要配置筛选策略,请展开 Subscription filter policy(订阅筛选策略)部分。有关更多信息,请参阅Amazon SNS 订阅筛选策略

    5. (可选)要启用基于有效负载的筛选,请将 Filter Policy Scope 配置为 MessageBody。有关更多信息,请参阅Amazon SNS 订阅筛选策略范围

    6. (可选)要为订阅配置死信队列,请展开 Redrive policy (dead-letter queue)(重新驱动策略(死信队列))部分。有关更多信息,请参阅Amazon SNS 死信队列 (DLQ)

    7. 选择创建订阅

      控制台将创建订阅并打开订阅的 Details(详细信息)页面。

您必须先确认订阅,然后才能开始接收消息。

要确认订阅
  1. 检查您的电子邮件收件箱,然后从 Amazon SNS 中的电子邮件中选择 Confirm subscription(确认订阅)。

  2. Amazon SNS 会打开您的 Web 浏览器,并显示带有您的订阅 ID 的订阅确认信息。

要使用 Amazon 开发工具包将电子邮件地址订阅到 Amazon SNS 主题

要使用 Amazon 开发工具包,您必须使用您的凭证对其进行配置。有关更多信息,请参阅 Amazon 开发工具包和工具参考指南中的共享配置和凭证文件

以下代码示例显示如何将电子邮件地址订阅到 Amazon SNS 主题。

.NET
Amazon SDK for .NET
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

/// <summary> /// Creates a new subscription to a topic. /// </summary> /// <param name="client">The initialized Amazon SNS client object, used /// to create an Amazon SNS subscription.</param> /// <param name="topicArn">The ARN of the topic to subscribe to.</param> /// <returns>A SubscribeResponse object which includes the subscription /// ARN for the new subscription.</returns> public static async Task<SubscribeResponse> TopicSubscribeAsync( IAmazonSimpleNotificationService client, string topicArn) { SubscribeRequest request = new SubscribeRequest() { TopicArn = topicArn, ReturnSubscriptionArn = true, Protocol = "email", Endpoint = "recipient@example.com", }; var response = await client.SubscribeAsync(request); return response; }
  • 有关 API 详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for .NET API 参考中的 Subscribe

C++
适用于 C++ 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

//! Subscribe to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic with delivery to an email address. /*! \param topicARN: An SNS topic Amazon Resource Name (ARN). \param emailAddress: An email address. \param clientConfiguration: AWS client configuration. \return bool: Function succeeded. */ bool AwsDoc::SNS::subscribeEmail(const Aws::String &topicARN, const Aws::String &emailAddress, const Aws::Client::ClientConfiguration &clientConfiguration) { Aws::SNS::SNSClient snsClient(clientConfiguration); Aws::SNS::Model::SubscribeRequest request; request.SetTopicArn(topicARN); request.SetProtocol("email"); request.SetEndpoint(emailAddress); const Aws::SNS::Model::SubscribeOutcome outcome = snsClient.Subscribe(request); if (outcome.IsSuccess()) { std::cout << "Subscribed successfully." << std::endl; std::cout << "Subscription ARN '" << outcome.GetResult().GetSubscriptionArn() << "'." << std::endl; } else { std::cerr << "Error while subscribing " << outcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; } return outcome.IsSuccess(); }
  • 有关 API 详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for C++ API 参考中的 Subscribe

CLI
Amazon CLI

订阅主题

以下 subscribe 命令将电子邮件地址订阅到指定主题。

aws sns subscribe \ --topic-arn arn:aws:sns:us-west-2:123456789012:my-topic \ --protocol email \ --notification-endpoint my-email@example.com

输出:

{ "SubscriptionArn": "pending confirmation" }
  • 有关 API 详细信息,请参阅《Amazon CLI Command Reference》中的 Subscribe

Java
适用于 Java 2.x 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sns.SnsClient; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sns.model.SnsException; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sns.model.SubscribeRequest; import software.amazon.awssdk.services.sns.model.SubscribeResponse; /** * Before running this Java V2 code example, set up your development * environment, including your credentials. * * For more information, see the following documentation topic: * * https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-java/latest/developer-guide/get-started.html */ public class SubscribeEmail { public static void main(String[] args) { final String usage = """ Usage: <topicArn> <email> Where: topicArn - The ARN of the topic to subscribe. email - The email address to use. """; if (args.length != 2) { System.out.println(usage); System.exit(1); } String topicArn = args[0]; String email = args[1]; SnsClient snsClient = SnsClient.builder() .region(Region.US_EAST_1) .build(); subEmail(snsClient, topicArn, email); snsClient.close(); } public static void subEmail(SnsClient snsClient, String topicArn, String email) { try { SubscribeRequest request = SubscribeRequest.builder() .protocol("email") .endpoint(email) .returnSubscriptionArn(true) .topicArn(topicArn) .build(); SubscribeResponse result = snsClient.subscribe(request); System.out.println("Subscription ARN: " + result.subscriptionArn() + "\n\n Status is " + result.sdkHttpResponse().statusCode()); } catch (SnsException e) { System.err.println(e.awsErrorDetails().errorMessage()); System.exit(1); } } }
  • 有关 API 详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for Java 2.x API 参考中的 Subscribe

JavaScript
适用于 JavaScript (v3) 的软件开发工具包
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

在单独的模块中创建客户端并将其导出。

import { SNSClient } from "@aws-sdk/client-sns"; // The AWS Region can be provided here using the `region` property. If you leave it blank // the SDK will default to the region set in your AWS config. export const snsClient = new SNSClient({});

导入 SDK 和客户端模块,然后调用 API。

import { SubscribeCommand } from "@aws-sdk/client-sns"; import { snsClient } from "../libs/snsClient.js"; /** * @param {string} topicArn - The ARN of the topic for which you wish to confirm a subscription. * @param {string} emailAddress - The email address that is subscribed to the topic. */ export const subscribeEmail = async ( topicArn = "TOPIC_ARN", emailAddress = "usern@me.com", ) => { const response = await snsClient.send( new SubscribeCommand({ Protocol: "email", TopicArn: topicArn, Endpoint: emailAddress, }), ); console.log(response); // { // '$metadata': { // httpStatusCode: 200, // requestId: 'c8e35bcd-b3c0-5940-9f66-06f6fcc108f0', // extendedRequestId: undefined, // cfId: undefined, // attempts: 1, // totalRetryDelay: 0 // }, // SubscriptionArn: 'pending confirmation' // } };
Kotlin
适用于 Kotlin 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

suspend fun subEmail(topicArnVal: String, email: String): String { val request = SubscribeRequest { protocol = "email" endpoint = email returnSubscriptionArn = true topicArn = topicArnVal } SnsClient { region = "us-east-1" }.use { snsClient -> val result = snsClient.subscribe(request) return result.subscriptionArn.toString() } }
  • 有关 API 详细信息,请参阅《Amazon SDK for Kotlin API 参考》中的 Subscribe

PHP
适用于 PHP 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

require 'vendor/autoload.php'; use Aws\Exception\AwsException; use Aws\Sns\SnsClient; /** * Prepares to subscribe an endpoint by sending the endpoint a confirmation message. * * This code expects that you have AWS credentials set up per: * https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-php/v3/developer-guide/guide_credentials.html */ $SnSclient = new SnsClient([ 'profile' => 'default', 'region' => 'us-east-1', 'version' => '2010-03-31' ]); $protocol = 'email'; $endpoint = 'sample@example.com'; $topic = 'arn:aws:sns:us-east-1:111122223333:MyTopic'; try { $result = $SnSclient->subscribe([ 'Protocol' => $protocol, 'Endpoint' => $endpoint, 'ReturnSubscriptionArn' => true, 'TopicArn' => $topic, ]); var_dump($result); } catch (AwsException $e) { // output error message if fails error_log($e->getMessage()); }
  • 有关 API 详细信息,请参阅 Amazon SDK for PHP API 参考中的 Subscribe

Python
适用于 Python (Boto3) 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

class SnsWrapper: """Encapsulates Amazon SNS topic and subscription functions.""" def __init__(self, sns_resource): """ :param sns_resource: A Boto3 Amazon SNS resource. """ self.sns_resource = sns_resource @staticmethod def subscribe(topic, protocol, endpoint): """ Subscribes an endpoint to the topic. Some endpoint types, such as email, must be confirmed before their subscriptions are active. When a subscription is not confirmed, its Amazon Resource Number (ARN) is set to 'PendingConfirmation'. :param topic: The topic to subscribe to. :param protocol: The protocol of the endpoint, such as 'sms' or 'email'. :param endpoint: The endpoint that receives messages, such as a phone number (in E.164 format) for SMS messages, or an email address for email messages. :return: The newly added subscription. """ try: subscription = topic.subscribe( Protocol=protocol, Endpoint=endpoint, ReturnSubscriptionArn=True ) logger.info("Subscribed %s %s to topic %s.", protocol, endpoint, topic.arn) except ClientError: logger.exception( "Couldn't subscribe %s %s to topic %s.", protocol, endpoint, topic.arn ) raise else: return subscription
  • 有关 API 详细信息,请参阅《Amazon SDK for Python (Boto3) API 参考》中的 Subscribe

Ruby
适用于 Ruby 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

require "aws-sdk-sns" require "logger" # Represents a service for creating subscriptions in Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS) class SubscriptionService # Initializes the SubscriptionService with an SNS client # # @param sns_client [Aws::SNS::Client] The SNS client def initialize(sns_client) @sns_client = sns_client @logger = Logger.new($stdout) end # Attempts to create a subscription to a topic # # @param topic_arn [String] The ARN of the SNS topic # @param protocol [String] The subscription protocol (e.g., email) # @param endpoint [String] The endpoint that receives the notifications (email address) # @return [Boolean] true if subscription was successfully created, false otherwise def create_subscription(topic_arn, protocol, endpoint) @sns_client.subscribe(topic_arn: topic_arn, protocol: protocol, endpoint: endpoint) @logger.info("Subscription created successfully.") true rescue Aws::SNS::Errors::ServiceError => e @logger.error("Error while creating the subscription: #{e.message}") false end end # Main execution if the script is run directly if $PROGRAM_NAME == __FILE__ protocol = "email" endpoint = "EMAIL_ADDRESS" # Should be replaced with a real email address topic_arn = "TOPIC_ARN" # Should be replaced with a real topic ARN sns_client = Aws::SNS::Client.new subscription_service = SubscriptionService.new(sns_client) @logger.info("Creating the subscription.") unless subscription_service.create_subscription(topic_arn, protocol, endpoint) @logger.error("Subscription creation failed. Stopping program.") exit 1 end end
Rust
适用于 Rust 的 SDK
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

async fn subscribe_and_publish( client: &Client, topic_arn: &str, email_address: &str, ) -> Result<(), Error> { println!("Receiving on topic with ARN: `{}`", topic_arn); let rsp = client .subscribe() .topic_arn(topic_arn) .protocol("email") .endpoint(email_address) .send() .await?; println!("Added a subscription: {:?}", rsp); let rsp = client .publish() .topic_arn(topic_arn) .message("hello sns!") .send() .await?; println!("Published message: {:?}", rsp); Ok(()) }
  • 有关 API 详细信息,请参阅《Amazon SDK for Rust API 参考》中的 Subscribe

SAP ABAP
SDK for SAP ABAP
注意

还有更多相关信息 GitHub。在 Amazon 代码示例存储库中查找完整示例,了解如何进行设置和运行。

TRY. oo_result = lo_sns->subscribe( "oo_result is returned for testing purposes." iv_topicarn = iv_topic_arn iv_protocol = 'email' iv_endpoint = iv_email_address iv_returnsubscriptionarn = abap_true ). MESSAGE 'Email address subscribed to SNS topic.' TYPE 'I'. CATCH /aws1/cx_snsnotfoundexception. MESSAGE 'Topic does not exist.' TYPE 'E'. CATCH /aws1/cx_snssubscriptionlmte00. MESSAGE 'Unable to create subscriptions. You have reached the maximum number of subscriptions allowed.' TYPE 'E'. ENDTRY.
  • 有关 API 详细信息,请参阅《Amazon SDK for SAP ABAP API 参考》中的 Subscribe