示例 1：创建父子运行手册 - Amazon Systems Manager
创建子运行手册创建父运行手册
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示例 1：创建父子运行手册

以下示例演示如何创建两个运行手册，以便分阶段修补已标记的 Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) 实例组。这些运行手册用于父子关系，其中父运行手册用于启动子运行手册的速率控制自动化。有关使用速率控制自动化的更多信息，请参阅 大规模运行自动化。有关此示例中使用的自动化操作的更多信息，请参阅 Systems Manager 自动化操作参考。

创建子运行手册

此示例运行手册解决以下情形。Emily 是 AnyCompany Consultants, LLC 的系统工程师。她需要为托管主数据库和辅助数据库的 Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) 实例组配置补丁程序。应用程序每天 24 小时访问这些数据库，因此两个数据库实例中必须有一个始终可用。

她确定分阶段修补实例是最佳方法。首先将对数据库实例的主组进行修补，然后修补数据库实例的辅助组。此外，为了避免由于使之前已停止的实例运行而产生额外的成本，Emily 希望在进行修补之前将修补的实例返回到其原始状态。

Emily 通过与实例关联的标签来标识数据库实例的主组和辅助组。她决定创建一个父运行手册，用于启动子运行手册的速率控制自动化。通过这种方法，她可以将与数据库实例的主组和辅助组关联的标签设置为目标，并管理子自动化的并发性。查看了可用于修补的 Systems Manager (SSM) 文档后，她选择了 AWS-RunPatchBaseline 文档。通过使用此 SSM 文档，她的同事可以在修补操作完成后查看相关的修补程序合规性信息。

为了开始创建运行手册内容，Emily 查看了可用的自动化操作，并开始为子运行手册创作内容，如下所示：

  1. 首先，她为运行手册的架构和描述提供值，并定义子运行手册的输入参数。

    通过使用 AutomationAssumeRole 参数，Emily 和她的同事可以使用现有的 IAM 角色，以允许自动化代表他们执行运行手册中的操作。Emily 使用 InstanceId 参数来确定应修补的实例。（可选）Operation、RebootOption 和 SnapshotId 参数可用于为 AWS-RunPatchBaseline 的文档参数提供值。为了防止向这些运行手册参数提供无效值，她根据需要定义了 allowedValues。

    YAML
    schemaVersion: '0.3'
description: 'An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.'
assumeRole: '{{AutomationAssumeRole}}'
parameters:
  AutomationAssumeRole:
    type: String
    description: >-
      '(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the
      actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager
      Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.'
    default: ''
  InstanceId:
    type: String
    description: >-
      '(Required) The instance you want to patch.'
  SnapshotId:
    type: String
    description: '(Optional) The snapshot ID to use to retrieve a patch baseline snapshot.'
    default: ''
  RebootOption:
    type: String
    description: '(Optional) Reboot behavior after a patch Install operation. If you choose NoReboot and patches are installed, the instance is marked as non-compliant until a subsequent reboot and scan.'
    allowedValues:
      - NoReboot
      - RebootIfNeeded
    default: RebootIfNeeded
  Operation:
    type: String
    description: '(Optional) The update or configuration to perform on the instance. The system checks if patches specified in the patch baseline are installed on the instance. The install operation installs patches missing from the baseline.'
    allowedValues:
      - Install
      - Scan
    default: Install
    JSON
    {
   "schemaVersion":"0.3",
   "description":"An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.",
   "assumeRole":"{{AutomationAssumeRole}}",
   "parameters":{
      "AutomationAssumeRole":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.",
         "default":""
      },
      "InstanceId":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Required) The instance you want to patch."
      },
      "SnapshotId":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Optional) The snapshot ID to use to retrieve a patch baseline snapshot.",
         "default":""
      },
      "RebootOption":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Optional) Reboot behavior after a patch Install operation. If you choose NoReboot and patches are installed, the instance is marked as non-compliant until a subsequent reboot and scan.",
         "allowedValues":[
            "NoReboot",
            "RebootIfNeeded"
         ],
         "default":"RebootIfNeeded"
      },
      "Operation":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Optional) The update or configuration to perform on the instance. The system checks if patches specified in the patch baseline are installed on the instance. The install operation installs patches missing from the baseline.",
         "allowedValues":[
            "Install",
            "Scan"
         ],
         "default":"Install"
      }
   }
},

  2. 定义完顶层元素后，Emily 继续创作构成运行手册的 mainSteps 的操作。第一步使用 aws:executeAwsApi 操作输出 InstanceId 输入参数中指定的目标实例的当前状态。此操作的输出将用于后续操作。

    YAML
    mainSteps:
  - name: getInstanceState
    action: 'aws:executeAwsApi'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: DescribeInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
    outputs:
      - Name: instanceState
        Selector: '$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name'
        Type: String
    nextStep: branchOnInstanceState
    JSON
    "mainSteps":[
      {
         "name":"getInstanceState",
         "action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "inputs":null,
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"DescribeInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ]
         },
         "outputs":[
            {
               "Name":"instanceState",
               "Selector":"$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
               "Type":"String"
            }
         ],
         "nextStep":"branchOnInstanceState"
      },

  3. Emily 没有手动启动和跟踪需要修补的每个实例的原始状态，而是根据目标实例的状态使用上一操作的输出对自动化进行分支。这允许自动化根据 aws:branch 操作中定义的条件运行不同的步骤，并提高了自动化的整体效率，无需人工干预。

    如果实例状态已为 running，则自动化将继续使用 aws:runCommand 操作，利用 AWS-RunPatchBaseline 文档修补实例。

    如果实例的状态为 stopping，则自动化使用 aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty 操作轮询实例以达到 stopped 状态，使用 executeAwsApi 操作启动实例，并轮询实例以达到 running 状态，然后再修补实例。

    如果实例的状态为 stopped，则自动化将启动实例并轮询实例以达到 running 状态，然后再使用相同的操作修补实例。

    YAML
    - name: branchOnInstanceState
    action: 'aws:branch'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      Choices:
        - NextStep: startInstance
           Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
           StringEquals: stopped
         - NextStep: verifyInstanceStopped
           Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
           StringEquals: stopping
         - NextStep: patchInstance
           Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
           StringEquals: running
    isEnd: true
  - name: startInstance
    action: 'aws:executeAwsApi'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: StartInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
    nextStep: verifyInstanceRunning
  - name: verifyInstanceRunning
    action: 'aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty'
    timeoutSeconds: 120
    inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: DescribeInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
      PropertySelector: '$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name'
      DesiredValues:
        - running
    nextStep: patchInstance
  - name: verifyInstanceStopped
    action: 'aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty'
    timeoutSeconds: 120
    inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: DescribeInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
      PropertySelector: '$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name'
      DesiredValues:
        - stopped
      nextStep: startInstance
  - name: patchInstance
    action: 'aws:runCommand'
    onFailure: Abort
    timeoutSeconds: 5400
    inputs:
      DocumentName: 'AWS-RunPatchBaseline'
      InstanceIds: 
      - '{{InstanceId}}'
      Parameters:
        SnapshotId: '{{SnapshotId}}'
        RebootOption: '{{RebootOption}}'
        Operation: '{{Operation}}'
    JSON
    {
         "name":"branchOnInstanceState",
         "action":"aws:branch",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "Choices":[
               {
                  "NextStep":"startInstance",
                  "Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
                  "StringEquals":"stopped"
               },
               {
                  "Or":[
                     {
                        "Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
                        "StringEquals":"stopping"
                     }
                  ],
                  "NextStep":"verifyInstanceStopped"
               },
               {
                  "NextStep":"patchInstance",
                  "Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
                  "StringEquals":"running"
               }
            ]
         },
         "isEnd":true
      },
      {
         "name":"startInstance",
         "action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"StartInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ]
         },
         "nextStep":"verifyInstanceRunning"
      },
      {
         "name":"verifyInstanceRunning",
         "action":"aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
         "timeoutSeconds":120,
         "inputs":{
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"DescribeInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ],
            "PropertySelector":"$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
            "DesiredValues":[
               "running"
            ]
         },
         "nextStep":"patchInstance"
      },
      {
         "name":"verifyInstanceStopped",
         "action":"aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
         "timeoutSeconds":120,
         "inputs":{
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"DescribeInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ],
            "PropertySelector":"$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
            "DesiredValues":[
               "stopped"
            ],
            "nextStep":"startInstance"
         }
      },
      {
         "name":"patchInstance",
         "action":"aws:runCommand",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "timeoutSeconds":5400,
         "inputs":{
            "DocumentName":"AWS-RunPatchBaseline",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ],
            "Parameters":{
               "SnapshotId":"{{SnapshotId}}",
               "RebootOption":"{{RebootOption}}",
               "Operation":"{{Operation}}"
            }
         }
      },

  4. 修补操作完成后，Emily 希望自动化将目标实例返回到自动化开始之前的状态。她通过再次使用第一个动作的输出来完成此操作。自动化根据目标实例的原始状态，使用 aws:branch 操作进行分支。如果实例之前处于 running 以外的任何状态，实例将停止。否则，如果实例状态为 running，则自动化结束。

    YAML
    - name: branchOnOriginalInstanceState
    action: 'aws:branch'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      Choices:
        - NextStep: stopInstance
          Not: 
            Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
            StringEquals: running
    isEnd: true
  - name: stopInstance
    action: 'aws:executeAwsApi'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: StopInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
    JSON
    {
         "name":"branchOnOriginalInstanceState",
         "action":"aws:branch",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "Choices":[
               {
                  "NextStep":"stopInstance",
                  "Not":{
                     "Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
                     "StringEquals":"running"
                  }
               }
            ]
         },
         "isEnd":true
      },
      {
         "name":"stopInstance",
         "action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"StopInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ]
         }
      }
   ]
}

  5. Emily 检查完成的子运行手册内容，并在同一 Amazon Web Services 账户 和 Amazon Web Services 区域 中创建运行手册作为目标实例。现在，她已经准备好继续创建父运行手册的内容。下面是完成的子运行手册内容。

    YAML
    schemaVersion: '0.3'
description: 'An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.'
assumeRole: '{{AutomationAssumeRole}}'
parameters:
  AutomationAssumeRole:
    type: String
    description: >-
      '(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the
      actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager
      Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.'
    default: ''
  InstanceId:
    type: String
    description: >-
      '(Required) The instance you want to patch.'
  SnapshotId:
    type: String
    description: '(Optional) The snapshot ID to use to retrieve a patch baseline snapshot.'
    default: ''
  RebootOption:
    type: String
    description: '(Optional) Reboot behavior after a patch Install operation. If you choose NoReboot and patches are installed, the instance is marked as non-compliant until a subsequent reboot and scan.'
    allowedValues:
      - NoReboot
      - RebootIfNeeded
    default: RebootIfNeeded
  Operation:
    type: String
    description: '(Optional) The update or configuration to perform on the instance. The system checks if patches specified in the patch baseline are installed on the instance. The install operation installs patches missing from the baseline.'
    allowedValues:
      - Install
      - Scan
    default: Install
mainSteps:
  - name: getInstanceState
    action: 'aws:executeAwsApi'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: DescribeInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
    outputs:
      - Name: instanceState
        Selector: '$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name'
        Type: String
    nextStep: branchOnInstanceState
  - name: branchOnInstanceState
    action: 'aws:branch'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      Choices:
        - NextStep: startInstance
          Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
          StringEquals: stopped
        - Or:
            - Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
              StringEquals: stopping
          NextStep: verifyInstanceStopped
        - NextStep: patchInstance
          Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
          StringEquals: running
    isEnd: true
  - name: startInstance
    action: 'aws:executeAwsApi'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: StartInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
    nextStep: verifyInstanceRunning
  - name: verifyInstanceRunning
    action: 'aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty'
    timeoutSeconds: 120
    inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: DescribeInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
      PropertySelector: '$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name'
      DesiredValues:
        - running
    nextStep: patchInstance
  - name: verifyInstanceStopped
    action: 'aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty'
    timeoutSeconds: 120
    inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: DescribeInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
      PropertySelector: '$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name'
      DesiredValues:
        - stopped
      nextStep: startInstance
  - name: patchInstance
    action: 'aws:runCommand'
    onFailure: Abort
    timeoutSeconds: 5400
    inputs:
      DocumentName: 'AWS-RunPatchBaseline'
      InstanceIds: 
      - '{{InstanceId}}'
      Parameters:
        SnapshotId: '{{SnapshotId}}'
        RebootOption: '{{RebootOption}}'
        Operation: '{{Operation}}'
  - name: branchOnOriginalInstanceState
    action: 'aws:branch'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      Choices:
        - NextStep: stopInstance
          Not: 
            Variable: '{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}'
            StringEquals: running
    isEnd: true
  - name: stopInstance
    action: 'aws:executeAwsApi'
    onFailure: Abort
    inputs:
      Service: ec2
      Api: StopInstances
      InstanceIds:
        - '{{InstanceId}}'
    JSON
    {
   "schemaVersion":"0.3",
   "description":"An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.",
   "assumeRole":"{{AutomationAssumeRole}}",
   "parameters":{
      "AutomationAssumeRole":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"'(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.'",
         "default":""
      },
      "InstanceId":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"'(Required) The instance you want to patch.'"
      },
      "SnapshotId":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Optional) The snapshot ID to use to retrieve a patch baseline snapshot.",
         "default":""
      },
      "RebootOption":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Optional) Reboot behavior after a patch Install operation. If you choose NoReboot and patches are installed, the instance is marked as non-compliant until a subsequent reboot and scan.",
         "allowedValues":[
            "NoReboot",
            "RebootIfNeeded"
         ],
         "default":"RebootIfNeeded"
      },
      "Operation":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Optional) The update or configuration to perform on the instance. The system checks if patches specified in the patch baseline are installed on the instance. The install operation installs patches missing from the baseline.",
         "allowedValues":[
            "Install",
            "Scan"
         ],
         "default":"Install"
      }
   },
   "mainSteps":[
      {
         "name":"getInstanceState",
         "action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "inputs":null,
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"DescribeInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ]
         },
         "outputs":[
            {
               "Name":"instanceState",
               "Selector":"$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
               "Type":"String"
            }
         ],
         "nextStep":"branchOnInstanceState"
      },
      {
         "name":"branchOnInstanceState",
         "action":"aws:branch",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "Choices":[
               {
                  "NextStep":"startInstance",
                  "Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
                  "StringEquals":"stopped"
               },
               {
                  "Or":[
                     {
                        "Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
                        "StringEquals":"stopping"
                     }
                  ],
                  "NextStep":"verifyInstanceStopped"
               },
               {
                  "NextStep":"patchInstance",
                  "Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
                  "StringEquals":"running"
               }
            ]
         },
         "isEnd":true
      },
      {
         "name":"startInstance",
         "action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"StartInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ]
         },
         "nextStep":"verifyInstanceRunning"
      },
      {
         "name":"verifyInstanceRunning",
         "action":"aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
         "timeoutSeconds":120,
         "inputs":{
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"DescribeInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ],
            "PropertySelector":"$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
            "DesiredValues":[
               "running"
            ]
         },
         "nextStep":"patchInstance"
      },
      {
         "name":"verifyInstanceStopped",
         "action":"aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty",
         "timeoutSeconds":120,
         "inputs":{
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"DescribeInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ],
            "PropertySelector":"$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name",
            "DesiredValues":[
               "stopped"
            ],
            "nextStep":"startInstance"
         }
      },
      {
         "name":"patchInstance",
         "action":"aws:runCommand",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "timeoutSeconds":5400,
         "inputs":{
            "DocumentName":"AWS-RunPatchBaseline",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ],
            "Parameters":{
               "SnapshotId":"{{SnapshotId}}",
               "RebootOption":"{{RebootOption}}",
               "Operation":"{{Operation}}"
            }
         }
      },
      {
         "name":"branchOnOriginalInstanceState",
         "action":"aws:branch",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "Choices":[
               {
                  "NextStep":"stopInstance",
                  "Not":{
                     "Variable":"{{getInstanceState.instanceState}}",
                     "StringEquals":"running"
                  }
               }
            ]
         },
         "isEnd":true
      },
      {
         "name":"stopInstance",
         "action":"aws:executeAwsApi",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "inputs":{
            "Service":"ec2",
            "Api":"StopInstances",
            "InstanceIds":[
               "{{InstanceId}}"
            ]
         }
      }
   ]
}

有关此示例中使用的自动化操作的更多信息，请参阅 Systems Manager 自动化操作参考。

创建父运行手册

此示例运行手册继续了上一节介绍的场景。现在 Emily 已经创建了子运行手册，她开始为父运行手册创作内容，如下所示：

  1. 首先，她为运行手册的架构和描述提供值，并定义父运行手册的输入参数。

    通过使用 AutomationAssumeRole 参数，Emily 和她的同事可以使用现有的 IAM 角色，使自动化代表他们执行运行手册中的操作。Emily 使用 PatchGroupPrimaryKey 和 PatchGroupPrimaryValue 参数来指定与将要修补的数据库实例的主组关联的标签。她使用 PatchGroupSecondaryKey 和 PatchGroupSecondaryValue 参数来指定与将要修补的数据库实例的辅助组关联的标签。

    YAML
    description: 'An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.'
schemaVersion: '0.3'
assumeRole: '{{AutomationAssumeRole}}'
parameters:
  AutomationAssumeRole:
    type: String
    description: '(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.'
    default: ''
  PatchGroupPrimaryKey:
    type: String
    description: '(Required) The key of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch.''
  PatchGroupPrimaryValue:
    type: String
    description: '(Required) The value of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch.'
  PatchGroupSecondaryKey:
    type: String
    description: '(Required) The key of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch.'
  PatchGroupSecondaryValue:
    type: String
    description: '(Required) The value of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch.'
    JSON
    {
   "schemaVersion": "0.3",
   "description": "An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.",
   "assumeRole": "{{AutomationAssumeRole}}",
   "parameters": {
      "AutomationAssumeRole": {
         "type": "String",
         "description": "(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.",
         "default": ""
      },
      "PatchGroupPrimaryKey": {
         "type": "String",
         "description": "(Required) The key of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch."
      },
      "PatchGroupPrimaryValue": {
         "type": "String",
         "description": "(Required) The value of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch."
      },
      "PatchGroupSecondaryKey": {
         "type": "String",
         "description": "(Required) The key of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch."
      },
      "PatchGroupSecondaryValue": {
         "type": "String",
         "description": "(Required) The value of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch."
      }
   }
},

  2. 定义顶层元素后，Emily 继续创作构成运行手册的 mainSteps 的操作。

    第一个操作使用她刚刚创建的子运行手册启动速率控制自动化，该子运行手册将与在 PatchGroupPrimaryKey 和 PatchGroupPrimaryValue 输入参数中所指定标签关联的实例设置为目标。她使用提供给输入参数的值来指定与要修补的主数据库实例组相关联的标签的键和值。

    第一个自动化完成后，第二个操作将使用子运行手册启动另一个速率控制自动化，该子运行手册将与在 PatchGroupSecondaryKey 和 PatchGroupSecondaryValue 输入参数中所指定标签关联的实例设置为目标。她使用提供给输入参数的值来指定与要修补的辅助数据库实例组相关联的标签的键和值。

    YAML
    mainSteps:
  - name: patchPrimaryTargets
    action: 'aws:executeAutomation'
    onFailure: Abort
    timeoutSeconds: 7200
    inputs:
      DocumentName: RunbookTutorialChildAutomation
      Targets:
        - Key: 'tag:{{PatchGroupPrimaryKey}}'
          Values:
            - '{{PatchGroupPrimaryValue}}'
      TargetParameterName: 'InstanceId'
  - name: patchSecondaryTargets
    action: 'aws:executeAutomation'
    onFailure: Abort
    timeoutSeconds: 7200
    inputs:
      DocumentName: RunbookTutorialChildAutomation
      Targets:
        - Key: 'tag:{{PatchGroupSecondaryKey}}'
          Values:
            - '{{PatchGroupSecondaryValue}}'
      TargetParameterName: 'InstanceId'
    JSON
    "mainSteps":[
      {
         "name":"patchPrimaryTargets",
         "action":"aws:executeAutomation",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "timeoutSeconds":7200,
         "inputs":{
            "DocumentName":"RunbookTutorialChildAutomation",
            "Targets":[
               {
                  "Key":"tag:{{PatchGroupPrimaryKey}}",
                  "Values":[
                     "{{PatchGroupPrimaryValue}}"
                  ]
               }
            ],
            "TargetParameterName":"InstanceId"
         }
      },
      {
         "name":"patchSecondaryTargets",
         "action":"aws:executeAutomation",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "timeoutSeconds":7200,
         "inputs":{
            "DocumentName":"RunbookTutorialChildAutomation",
            "Targets":[
               {
                  "Key":"tag:{{PatchGroupSecondaryKey}}",
                  "Values":[
                     "{{PatchGroupSecondaryValue}}"
                  ]
               }
            ],
            "TargetParameterName":"InstanceId"
         }
      }
   ]
}

  3. Emily 检查完成的父运行手册内容，并在相同的 Amazon Web Services 账户和 Amazon Web Services 区域中创建运行手册作为目标实例。现在，她已经准备好测试自己的运行手册，以确保在将自动化实施到生产环境之前，自动化能够按需运行。下面是完成的父运行手册内容。

    YAML
    description: An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.
schemaVersion: '0.3'
assumeRole: '{{AutomationAssumeRole}}'
parameters:
  AutomationAssumeRole:
    type: String
    description: '(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.'
    default: ''
  PatchGroupPrimaryKey:
    type: String
    description: (Required) The key of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch.
  PatchGroupPrimaryValue:
    type: String
    description: '(Required) The value of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch. '
  PatchGroupSecondaryKey:
    type: String
    description: (Required) The key of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch.
  PatchGroupSecondaryValue:
    type: String
    description: '(Required) The value of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch.  '
mainSteps:
  - name: patchPrimaryTargets
    action: 'aws:executeAutomation'
    onFailure: Abort
    timeoutSeconds: 7200
    inputs:
      DocumentName: RunbookTutorialChildAutomation
      Targets:
        - Key: 'tag:{{PatchGroupPrimaryKey}}'
          Values:
            - '{{PatchGroupPrimaryValue}}'
      TargetParameterName: 'InstanceId'
  - name: patchSecondaryTargets
    action: 'aws:executeAutomation'
    onFailure: Abort
    timeoutSeconds: 7200
    inputs:
      DocumentName: RunbookTutorialChildAutomation
      Targets:
        - Key: 'tag:{{PatchGroupSecondaryKey}}'
          Values:
            - '{{PatchGroupSecondaryValue}}'
      TargetParameterName: 'InstanceId'
    JSON
    {
   "description":"An example of an Automation runbook that patches groups of Amazon EC2 instances in stages.",
   "schemaVersion":"0.3",
   "assumeRole":"{{AutomationAssumeRole}}",
   "parameters":{
      "AutomationAssumeRole":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Optional) The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the IAM role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to operate this runbook.",
         "default":""
      },
      "PatchGroupPrimaryKey":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Required) The key of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch."
      },
      "PatchGroupPrimaryValue":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Required) The value of the tag for the primary group of instances you want to patch. "
      },
      "PatchGroupSecondaryKey":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Required) The key of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch."
      },
      "PatchGroupSecondaryValue":{
         "type":"String",
         "description":"(Required) The value of the tag for the secondary group of instances you want to patch.  "
      }
   },
   "mainSteps":[
      {
         "name":"patchPrimaryTargets",
         "action":"aws:executeAutomation",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "timeoutSeconds":7200,
         "inputs":{
            "DocumentName":"RunbookTutorialChildAutomation",
            "Targets":[
               {
                  "Key":"tag:{{PatchGroupPrimaryKey}}",
                  "Values":[
                     "{{PatchGroupPrimaryValue}}"
                  ]
               }
            ],
            "TargetParameterName":"InstanceId"
         }
      },
      {
         "name":"patchSecondaryTargets",
         "action":"aws:executeAutomation",
         "onFailure":"Abort",
         "timeoutSeconds":7200,
         "inputs":{
            "DocumentName":"RunbookTutorialChildAutomation",
            "Targets":[
               {
                  "Key":"tag:{{PatchGroupSecondaryKey}}",
                  "Values":[
                     "{{PatchGroupSecondaryValue}}"
                  ]
               }
            ],
            "TargetParameterName":"InstanceId"
         }
      }
   ]
}

有关此示例中使用的自动化操作的更多信息，请参阅 Systems Manager 自动化操作参考。