使用 EBS 直接 API 记录 API 的 API 调用 Amazon CloudTrail - Amazon EBS
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使用 EBS 直接 API 记录 API 的 API 调用 Amazon CloudTrail

EBS 直接 API 服务已与集成。 Amazon CloudTrail CloudTrail 是一项提供用户、角色或服务所执行操作记录的 Amazon 服务。 CloudTrail 将在 EBS 直接 API 中执行的所有 API 调用捕获为事件。如果您创建了跟踪,则可以允许将 CloudTrail 事件持续传输到亚马逊简单存储服务 (Amazon S3) 存储桶。如果您未配置跟踪,您仍然可以在 CloudTrail 控制台的事件历史记录中查看最新的管理事件事件历史记录中不会捕获数据事件。您可以使用收集的信息 CloudTrail 来确定向 EBS direct API 发出的请求、发出请求的 IP 地址、谁发出了请求、何时发出请求以及其他详细信息。

有关的更多信息 CloudTrail,请参阅《Amazon CloudTrail 用户指南》

EBS 直接 API 中的信息 CloudTrail

CloudTrail 在您创建 Amazon 账户时已在您的账户上启用。当 EBS direct API 中出现支持的事件活动时,该活动将与其他 Amazon 服务 CloudTrail 事件一起记录在事件历史记录中。您可以在自己的 Amazon 账户中查看、搜索和下载最近发生的事件。有关更多信息,请参阅使用事件历史记录查看 CloudTrail 事件

要持续记录您的 Amazon 账户中的事件,包括 EBS 直接 API 的事件,请创建跟踪。跟踪允许 CloudTrail 将日志文件传送到 S3 存储桶。默认情况下,当您在控制台中创建跟踪时,该跟踪将应用于所有 Amazon 区域。跟踪记录 Amazon 分区中所有区域的事件,并将日志文件传送到您指定的 S3 存储桶。此外,您可以配置其他 Amazon 服务,以进一步分析和处理 CloudTrail 日志中收集的事件数据。有关更多信息,请参阅下列内容:

支持的 API 操作

对于 EBS 直接 API CloudTrail ,您可以使用记录两种类型的事件

  • 管理事件 — 管理事件提供对 Amazon 账户快照执行的管理操作的可见性。以下 API 操作预设情况下将作为管理事件记录在跟踪记录中:

    有关记录管理事件的更多信息,请参阅《CloudTrail 用户指南》中的记录跟踪的管理事件

  • 数据事件 – 通过这些事件,可以了解对快照执行的或在快照内执行的快照操作。以下 API 操作可以选择作为跟踪中的数据事件记录:

    预设情况下,在您创建跟踪记录时,未记录数据事件。您只能使用 advanced event selectors(高级事件选择器)来记录 EBS 直接 API 调用上的数据事件。有关更多信息,请参阅CloudTrail 用户指南中的记录跟踪的数据事件

    注意

    如果您对与您共享的快照执行操作,则不会将数据事件发送到拥有该快照的 Amazon 账户。

身份信息

每个事件或日志条目都包含有关生成请求的人员信息。身份信息有助于您确定以下内容:

  • 请求是使用根用户凭证还是用户凭证发出的。

  • 请求是使用角色还是联合用户的临时安全凭证发出的。

  • 请求是否由其他 Amazon 服务发出。

有关更多信息,请参阅CloudTrail 用户IdentityElement

了解 EBS direct API 日志文件条目

跟踪是一种配置,允许将事件作为日志文件传输到您指定的 S3 存储桶。 CloudTrail 日志文件包含一个或多个日志条目。事件代表来自任何来源的单个请求,包括有关请求的操作、操作的日期和时间、请求参数等的信息。 CloudTrail 日志文件不是公共 API 调用的有序堆栈跟踪,因此它们不会按任何特定的顺序出现。

以下是示例 CloudTrail 日志条目。

StartSnapshot
{ "eventVersion": "1.05", "userIdentity": { "type": "IAMUser", "principalId": "123456789012", "arn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:root", "accountId": "123456789012", "accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE", "userName": "user" }, "eventTime": "2020-07-03T23:27:26Z", "eventSource": "ebs.amazonaws.com", "eventName": "StartSnapshot", "awsRegion": "eu-west-1", "sourceIPAddress": "192.0.2.0", "userAgent": "PostmanRuntime/7.25.0", "requestParameters": { "volumeSize": 8, "clientToken": "token", "encrypted": true }, "responseElements": { "snapshotId": "snap-123456789012", "ownerId": "123456789012", "status": "pending", "startTime": "Jul 3, 2020 11:27:26 PM", "volumeSize": 8, "blockSize": 524288, "kmsKeyArn": "HIDDEN_DUE_TO_SECURITY_REASONS" }, "requestID": "be112233-1ba5-4ae0-8e2b-1c302EXAMPLE", "eventID": "6e12345-2a4e-417c-aa78-7594fEXAMPLE", "eventType": "AwsApiCall", "recipientAccountId": "123456789012" }
CompleteSnapshot
{ "eventVersion": "1.05", "userIdentity": { "type": "IAMUser", "principalId": "123456789012", "arn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:root", "accountId": "123456789012", "accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE", "userName": "user" }, "eventTime": "2020-07-03T23:28:24Z", "eventSource": "ebs.amazonaws.com", "eventName": "CompleteSnapshot", "awsRegion": "eu-west-1", "sourceIPAddress": "192.0.2.0", "userAgent": "PostmanRuntime/7.25.0", "requestParameters": { "snapshotId": "snap-123456789012", "changedBlocksCount": 5 }, "responseElements": { "status": "completed" }, "requestID": "be112233-1ba5-4ae0-8e2b-1c302EXAMPLE", "eventID": "6e12345-2a4e-417c-aa78-7594fEXAMPLE", "eventType": "AwsApiCall", "recipientAccountId": "123456789012" }
ListSnapshotBlocks
{ "eventVersion": "1.08", "userIdentity": { "type": "IAMUser", "principalId": "AIDAT4HPB2AO3JEXAMPLE", "arn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:user/user", "accountId": "123456789012", "accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE", "userName": "user" }, "eventTime": "2021-06-03T00:32:46Z", "eventSource": "ebs.amazonaws.com", "eventName": "ListSnapshotBlocks", "awsRegion": "us-east-1", "sourceIPAddress": "111.111.111.111", "userAgent": "PostmanRuntime/7.28.0", "requestParameters": { "snapshotId": "snap-abcdef01234567890", "maxResults": 100, "startingBlockIndex": 0 }, "responseElements": null, "requestID": "example6-0e12-4aa9-b923-1555eexample", "eventID": "example4-218b-4f69-a9e0-2357dexample", "readOnly": true, "resources": [ { "accountId": "123456789012", "type": "AWS::EC2::Snapshot", "ARN": "arn:aws:ec2:us-west-2::snapshot/snap-abcdef01234567890" } ], "eventType": "AwsApiCall", "managementEvent": false, "recipientAccountId": "123456789012", "eventCategory": "Data", "tlsDetails": { "tlsVersion": "TLSv1.2", "cipherSuite": "ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA", "clientProvidedHostHeader": "ebs.us-west-2.amazonaws.com" } }
ListChangedBlocks
{ "eventVersion": "1.08", "userIdentity": { "type": "IAMUser", "principalId": "AIDAT4HPB2AO3JEXAMPLE", "arn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:user/user", "accountId": "123456789012", "accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE", "userName": "user" }, "eventTime": "2021-06-02T21:11:46Z", "eventSource": "ebs.amazonaws.com", "eventName": "ListChangedBlocks", "awsRegion": "us-east-1", "sourceIPAddress": "111.111.111.111", "userAgent": "PostmanRuntime/7.28.0", "requestParameters": { "firstSnapshotId": "snap-abcdef01234567890", "secondSnapshotId": "snap-9876543210abcdef0", "maxResults": 100, "startingBlockIndex": 0 }, "responseElements": null, "requestID": "example0-f4cb-4d64-8d84-72e1bexample", "eventID": "example3-fac4-4a78-8ebb-3e9d3example", "readOnly": true, "resources": [ { "accountId": "123456789012", "type": "AWS::EC2::Snapshot", "ARN": "arn:aws:ec2:us-west-2::snapshot/snap-abcdef01234567890" }, { "accountId": "123456789012", "type": "AWS::EC2::Snapshot", "ARN": "arn:aws:ec2:us-west-2::snapshot/snap-9876543210abcdef0" } ], "eventType": "AwsApiCall", "managementEvent": false, "recipientAccountId": "123456789012", "eventCategory": "Data", "tlsDetails": { "tlsVersion": "TLSv1.2", "cipherSuite": "ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA", "clientProvidedHostHeader": "ebs.us-west-2.amazonaws.com" } }
GetSnapshotBlock
{ "eventVersion": "1.08", "userIdentity": { "type": "IAMUser", "principalId": "AIDAT4HPB2AO3JEXAMPLE", "arn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:user/user", "accountId": "123456789012", "accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE", "userName": "user" }, "eventTime": "2021-06-02T20:43:05Z", "eventSource": "ebs.amazonaws.com", "eventName": "GetSnapshotBlock", "awsRegion": "us-east-1", "sourceIPAddress": "111.111.111.111", "userAgent": "PostmanRuntime/7.28.0", "requestParameters": { "snapshotId": "snap-abcdef01234567890", "blockIndex": 1, "blockToken": "EXAMPLEiL5E3pMPFpaDWjExM2/mnSKh1mQfcbjwe2mM7EwhrgCdPAEXAMPLE" }, "responseElements": null, "requestID": "examplea-6eca-4964-abfd-fd9f0example", "eventID": "example6-4048-4365-a275-42e94example", "readOnly": true, "resources": [ { "accountId": "123456789012", "type": "AWS::EC2::Snapshot", "ARN": "arn:aws:ec2:us-west-2::snapshot/snap-abcdef01234567890" } ], "eventType": "AwsApiCall", "managementEvent": false, "recipientAccountId": "123456789012", "eventCategory": "Data", "tlsDetails": { "tlsVersion": "TLSv1.2", "cipherSuite": "ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA", "clientProvidedHostHeader": "ebs.us-west-2.amazonaws.com" } }
PutSnapshotBlock
{ "eventVersion": "1.08", "userIdentity": { "type": "IAMUser", "principalId": "AIDAT4HPB2AO3JEXAMPLE", "arn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:user/user", "accountId": "123456789012", "accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE", "userName": "user" }, "eventTime": "2021-06-02T21:09:17Z", "eventSource": "ebs.amazonaws.com", "eventName": "PutSnapshotBlock", "awsRegion": "us-east-1", "sourceIPAddress": "111.111.111.111", "userAgent": "PostmanRuntime/7.28.0", "requestParameters": { "snapshotId": "snap-abcdef01234567890", "blockIndex": 1, "dataLength": 524288, "checksum": "exampleodSGvFSb1e3kxWUgbOQ4TbzPurnsfVexample", "checksumAlgorithm": "SHA256" }, "responseElements": { "checksum": "exampleodSGvFSb1e3kxWUgbOQ4TbzPurnsfVexample", "checksumAlgorithm": "SHA256" }, "requestID": "example3-d5e0-4167-8ee8-50845example", "eventID": "example8-4d9a-4aad-b71d-bb31fexample", "readOnly": false, "resources": [ { "accountId": "123456789012", "type": "AWS::EC2::Snapshot", "ARN": "arn:aws:ec2:us-west-2::snapshot/snap-abcdef01234567890" } ], "eventType": "AwsApiCall", "managementEvent": false, "recipientAccountId": "123456789012", "eventCategory": "Data", "tlsDetails": { "tlsVersion": "TLSv1.2", "cipherSuite": "ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA", "clientProvidedHostHeader": "ebs.us-west-2.amazonaws.com" } }