Reset the Windows administrator password using EC2Launch v2 - Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud
Verify that the EC2Launch v2 agent is runningStep 2: Detach the root volume from the instanceStep 3: Attach the volume to a temporary instanceStep 4: Delete the .run-once fileStep 5: Restart the original instance
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Reset the Windows administrator password using EC2Launch v2

If you have lost your Windows administrator password and are using a supported Windows AMI that includes the EC2Launch v2 agent, you can use EC2Launch v2 to generate a new password.

If you are using a Windows Server 2016 or later AMI that does not include the EC2Launch v2 agent, see Reset the Windows administrator password using EC2Launch.

If you are using a Windows Server AMI earlier than Windows Server 2016 that does not include the EC2Launch v2 agent, see Reset the Windows administrator password using EC2Config.

Note

If you have disabled the local administrator account on the instance and your instance is configured for Systems Manager, you can also re-enable and reset your local administrator password by using EC2Rescue and Run Command. For more information, see Using EC2Rescue for Windows Server with Systems Manager Run Command.

Note

There is an Amazon Systems Manager Automation document that automatically applies the manual steps necessary to reset the local administrator password. For more information, see Reset Passwords and SSH Keys on Amazon EC2 Instances in the Amazon Systems Manager User Guide.

To reset your Windows administrator password using EC2Launch v2, you need to do the following:

Step 1: Verify that the EC2Launch v2 agent is running

Before you attempt to reset the administrator password, verify that the EC2Launch v2 agent is installed and running. You use the EC2Launch v2 agent to reset the administrator password later in this section.

To verify that the EC2Launch v2 agent is running

  1. Open the Amazon EC2 console at https://console.amazonaws.cn/ec2/.

  2. In the navigation pane, choose Instances and then select the instance that requires a password reset. This instance is referred to as the original instance in this procedure.

  3. Choose Actions, Monitor and troubleshoot, Get system log.

  4. Locate the EC2 Launch entry, for example, Launch: EC2Launch v2 service v2.0.124. If you see this entry, the EC2Launch v2 service is running.

    If the system log output is empty, or if the EC2Launch v2 agent is not running, troubleshoot the instance using the Instance Console Screenshot service. For more information, see Troubleshoot an unreachable instance.

Step 2: Detach the root volume from the instance

You can't use EC2Launch v2 to reset an administrator password if the volume on which the password is stored is attached to an instance as the root volume. You must detach the volume from the original instance before you can attach it to a temporary instance as a secondary volume.

To detach the root volume from the instance

  1. Open the Amazon EC2 console at https://console.amazonaws.cn/ec2/.

  2. In the navigation pane, choose Instances.

  3. Select the instance that requires a password reset and choose Actions, Instance state, Stop instance. After the status of the instance changes to Stopped, continue with the next step.

  4. (Optional) If you have the private key that you specified when you launched this instance, continue with the next step. Otherwise, use the following steps to replace the instance with a new instance that you launch with a new key pair.

    1. Create a new key pair using the Amazon EC2 console. To give your new key pair the same name as the one for which you lost the private key, you must first delete the existing key pair.

    2. Select the instance to replace. Note the instance type, VPC, subnet, security group, and IAM role of the instance.

    3. Choose Actions, Image and templates, Create image. Type a name and a description for the image and choose Create image. In the navigation pane, choose AMIs. After the image status changes to available, continue to the next step.

    4. Select the image and choose Actions, and then Launch.

    5. Complete the wizard, selecting the same instance type, VPC, subnet, security group, and IAM role as the instance to replace, and then choose Launch.

    6. When prompted, choose the key pair that you created for the new instance, select the acknowledgement check box, and then choose Launch Instances.

    7. (Optional) If the original instance has an associated Elastic IP address, transfer it to the new instance. If the original instance has EBS volumes in addition to the root volume, transfer them to the new instance.

    8. Terminate the stopped instance, as it is no longer needed. For the remainder of this procedure, all references to the original instance apply to this instance that you just created.

  5. Detach the root volume from the original instance as follows:

    1. In the Description pane of the original instance, note the ID of the EBS volume listed as the Root device.

    2. In the navigation pane, choose Volumes.

    3. In the list of volumes, select the volume noted in the previous step, and choose Actions, Detach Volume. After the volume status changes to available, continue with the next step.

Step 3: Attach the volume to a temporary instance

Next, launch a temporary instance and attach the volume to it as a secondary volume. This is the instance you use to modify the configuration file.

To launch a temporary instance and attach the volume

  1. Launch the temporary instance as follows:

    1. In the navigation pane, choose Instances, choose Launch instances, and then select an AMI.

      Important

      To avoid disk signature collisions, you must select an AMI for a different version of Windows. For example, if the original instance runs Windows Server 2019, launch the temporary instance using the base AMI for Windows Server 2016.

    2. Leave the default instance type and choose Next: Configure Instance Details.

    3. On the Configure Instance Details page, for Subnet, select the same Availability Zone as the original instance and choose Review and Launch.

      Important

      The temporary instance must be in the same Availability Zone as the original instance. If your temporary instance is in a different Availability Zone, you can't attach the original instance's root volume to it.

    4. On the Review Instance Launch page, choose Launch.

    5. When prompted, create a new key pair, download it to a safe location on your computer, and then choose Launch Instances.

  2. Attach the volume to the temporary instance as a secondary volume as follows:

    1. In the navigation pane, choose Volumes, select the volume that you detached from the original instance, and then choose Actions, Attach Volume.

    2. In the Attach Volume dialog box, for Instances, start typing the name or ID of your temporary instance and select the instance from the list.

    3. For Device, type xvdf (if it isn't already there), and choose Attach.

Step 4: Delete the .run-once file

After you have attached the volume to the temporary instance as a secondary volume, delete the .run-once file from the instance. The file path in the secondary volume that you attached will be similar to D:\ProgramData\Amazon\EC2Launch\state\.run-once. This directs EC2Launch v2 to run all tasks with a frequency of once, which includes setting the administrator password.

Important

Any scripts set to run once will be triggered by this action.

Step 5: Restart the original instance

After you have deleted the .run-once file, reattach the volume to the original instance as the root volume and connect to the instance using its key pair to retrieve the administrator password.

  1. Reattach the volume to the original instance as follows:

    1. In the navigation pane, choose Volumes, select the volume that you detached from the temporary instance, and then choose Actions, Attach Volume.

    2. In the Attach Volume dialog box, for Instances, start typing the name or ID of your original instance and then select the instance.

    3. For Device, type /dev/sda1.

    4. Choose Attach. After the volume status changes to in-use, continue to the next step.

  2. In the navigation pane, choose Instances. Select the original instance and choose Instance state, Start instance. After the instance state changes to Running, continue to the next step.

  3. Retrieve your new Windows administrator password using the private key for the new key pair and connect to the instance. For more information, see Connect to your Windows instance.

    Important

    The instance gets a new public IP address after you stop and start it. Make sure to connect to the instance using its current public DNS name. For more information, see Instance lifecycle.

  4. (Optional) If you have no further use for the temporary instance, you can terminate it. Select the temporary instance, and choose Instance State, Terminate instance.