DB instance class types Supported DB engines Determining DB instance class support in Amazon Regions Changing your DB instance class Configuring the processor Hardware specifications

DB instance classes

The DB instance class determines the computation and memory capacity of an Amazon RDS DB instance. The DB instance class you need depends on your processing power and memory requirements.

Topics

DB instance class types
Supported DB engines for DB instance classes
Determining DB instance class support in Amazon Regions
Changing your DB instance class
Configuring the processor for a DB instance class
Hardware specifications for DB instance classes

DB instance class types

Amazon RDS supports three types of instance classes: Standard, Memory Optimized, and Burstable Performance. For more information about Amazon EC2 instance types, see Instance types in the Amazon EC2 documentation.

The following are the Standard DB instance classes available:

db.m6g – General-purpose instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton2 processors. These deliver balanced compute, memory, and networking for a broad range a general purpose workloads.

You can modify a DB instance to use one of the DB instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton2 processors by completing the same steps as any other DB instance modification.
db.m5d – Newest generation instance classes that are optimized for low latency, very high random I/O performance, and high sequential read throughput.
db.m5 – Latest generation general-purpose instance classes that provide a balance of compute, memory, and network resources, and are a good choice for many applications. The db.m5 instance classes provide more computing capacity than the previous db.m4 instance classes. They are powered by the Amazon Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor.
db.m4 – General-purpose instance classes that provide more computing capacity than the previous db.m3 instance classes.
db.m3 – General-purpose instance classes that provide more computing capacity than the previous db.m1 instance classes.

The following are the Memory Optimized DB instance classes available:

db.z1d – Instance classes optimized for memory-intensive applications. These offer both high compute capacity and a high memory footprint. High frequency z1d instances deliver a sustained all core frequency of up to 4.0 GHz.
db.x1e – Instance classes optimized for memory-intensive applications. These offer one of the lowest price per gibibyte (GiB) of RAM among the DB instance classes and up to 3,904 GiB of DRAM-based instance memory.
db.x1 – Instance classes optimized for memory-intensive applications. These offer one of the lowest price per GiB of RAM among the DB instance classes and up to 1,952 GiB of DRAM-based instance memory.
db.r6g – Instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton2 processors. These are ideal for running memory-intensive workloads in open-source databases such as MySQL and PostgreSQL.

You can modify a DB instance to use one of the DB instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton2 processors by completing the same steps as any other DB instance modification.
db.r5b – Instance classes that are memory-optimized for throughput-intensive applications. Powered by the Amazon Nitro System, db.r5b instances deliver up to 60 Gbps bandwidth and 260,000 IOPS of EBS performance, which is the fastest block storage performance on EC2.
db.r5d – Instance classes that are optimized for low latency, very high random I/O performance, and high sequential read throughput.
db.r5 – Latest generation instance classes optimized for memory-intensive applications. These offer improved networking and Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) performance. They are powered by the Amazon Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor.
db.r4 – Instance classes optimized for memory-intensive applications. These offer improved networking and Amazon EBS performance.
db.r3 – Instance classes that provide memory optimization.

The following are the Burstable Performance DB instance classes available:

db.t3 – Next generation instance classes that provide a baseline performance level, with the ability to burst to full CPU usage. These instance classes provide more computing capacity than the previous db.t2 instance classes. They are powered by the Amazon Nitro System, a combination of dedicated hardware and lightweight hypervisor.
db.t2 – Instance classes that provide a baseline performance level, with the ability to burst to full CPU usage.

Note

The DB instance classes that use the Amazon Nitro System (db.m5, db.r5, db.t3) are throttled on combined read plus write workload.

For DB instance class hardware specifications, see Hardware specifications for DB instance classes .

Supported DB engines for DB instance classes

The following are DB engine considerations for DB instance classes:

MariaDB: The Graviton2 instance classes db.m6g and db.r6g are supported for all MariaDB 10.5 versions and MariaDB version 10.4.13 and higher 10.4 versions.
Microsoft SQL Server: Instance class support varies according to the version and edition of SQL Server. For instance class support by version and edition, see DB instance class support for Microsoft SQL Server.
MySQL: The Graviton2 instance classes db.m6g and db.r6g are supported for RDS for MySQL versions 8.0.17 and higher.
Oracle: Instance class support varies according to the Oracle Database version and edition. RDS for Oracle supports additional memory-optimized instance classes. These classes have names of the form db.r5.instance_size.tpcthreads_per_core.memratio. For the vCPU count and memory allocation for each optimized class, see Supported Oracle DB instance classes.
PostgreSQL: PostgreSQL versions 13 and higher support the db.m6g, db.m5, db.r6g, db.r5, db.t3 instance classes. Previous generations of classes are supported only by PostgreSQL versions lower than 13 and include db.m4, db.m3, db.r4, db.r3, and db.t2.

In the following table, you can find details about supported Amazon RDS DB instance classes for each Amazon RDS DB engine.

Instance class	MariaDB	Microsoft SQL Server	MySQL	Oracle	PostgreSQL
db.m6g – Standard instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton2 processors
db.m6g.16xlarge	All MariaDB 10.5 versions and MariaDB version 10.4.13 & higher 10.4 versions	No	MySQL 8.0.17 & higher	No	PostgreSQL 13,12.3 & higher
db.m6g.12xlarge	All MariaDB 10.5 versions and MariaDB version 10.4.13 & higher 10.4 versions	No	MySQL 8.0.17 & higher	No	PostgreSQL 13,12.3 & higher
db.m6g.8xlarge	All MariaDB 10.5 versions and MariaDB version 10.4.13 & higher 10.4 versions	No	MySQL 8.0.17 & higher	No	PostgreSQL 13,12.3 & higher
db.m6g.4xlarge	All MariaDB 10.5 versions and MariaDB version 10.4.13 & higher 10.4 versions	No	MySQL 8.0.17 & higher	No	PostgreSQL 13,12.3 & higher
db.m6g.2xlarge	All MariaDB 10.5 versions and MariaDB version 10.4.13 & higher 10.4 versions	No	MySQL 8.0.17 & higher	No	PostgreSQL 13,12.3 & higher
db.m6g.xlarge	All MariaDB 10.5 versions and MariaDB version 10.4.13 & higher 10.4 versions	No	MySQL 8.0.17 & higher	No	PostgreSQL 13,12.3 & higher
db.m6g.large	All MariaDB 10.5 versions and MariaDB version 10.4.13 & higher 10.4 versions	No	MySQL 8.0.17 & higher	No	PostgreSQL 13,12.3 & higher
db.m5d – Newest generation standard instance classes
db.m5d.24xlarge	No	Yes	No	No	No
db.m5d.16xlarge	No	Yes	No	No	No
db.m5d.12xlarge	No	Yes	No	No	No
db.m5d.8xlarge	No	Yes	No	No	No
db.m5d.4xlarge	No	Yes	No	No	No
db.m5d.2xlarge	No	Yes	No	No	No
db.m5d.xlarge	No	Yes	No	No	No
db.m5d.large	No	Yes	No	No	No
db.m5 – Latest generation standard instance classes
db.m5.24xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10.4 & higher, 9.6.9 & higher
db.m5.16xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10.4 & higher, 9.6.9 & higher
db.m5.12xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10.4 & higher, 9.6.9 & higher
db.m5.8xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10.4 & higher, 9.6.9 & higher
db.m5.4xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10.4 & higher, 9.6.9 & higher
db.m5.2xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10.4 & higher, 9.6.9 & higher
db.m5.xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10.4 & higher, 9.6.9 & higher
db.m5.large	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10.4 & higher, 9.6.9 & higher
db.m4 – Standard instance classes
db.m4.16xlarge	Yes	Yes	MySQL 8.0, 5.7, 5.6	Yes	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.m4.10xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.m4.4xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.m4.2xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.m4.xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.m4.large	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.m3 – Standard instance classes
db.m3.2xlarge	No	Yes	Yes	Deprecated	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.m3.xlarge	No	Yes	Yes	Deprecated	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.m3.large	No	Yes	Yes	Deprecated	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.m3.medium	No	Yes	Yes	Deprecated	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.z1d – Memory-optimized instance classes
db.z1d.12xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.z1d.6xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.z1d.3xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.z1d.2xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.z1d.xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.z1d.large	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.x1e – Memory-optimized instance classes
db.x1e.32xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.x1e.16xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.x1e.8xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.x1e.4xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.x1e.2xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.x1e.xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.x1 – Memory-optimized instance classes
db.x1.32xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.x1.16xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.r6g – Memory-optimized instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton2 processors
db.r6g.16xlarge	All MariaDB 10.5 versions and MariaDB version 10.4.13 & higher 10.4 versions	No	MySQL 8.0.17 & higher	No	PostgreSQL 13, 12.3 & higher
db.r6g.12xlarge	All MariaDB 10.5 versions and MariaDB version 10.4.13 & higher 10.4 versions	No	MySQL 8.0.17 & higher	No	PostgreSQL 13, 12.3 & higher
db.r6g.8xlarge	All MariaDB 10.5 versions and MariaDB version 10.4.13 & higher 10.4 versions	No	MySQL 8.0.17 & higher	No	PostgreSQL 12.3 & higher
db.r6g.4xlarge	All MariaDB 10.5 versions and MariaDB version 10.4.13 & higher 10.4 versions	No	MySQL 8.0.17 & higher	No	PostgreSQL 13, 12.3 & higher
db.r6g.2xlarge	All MariaDB 10.5 versions and MariaDB version 10.4.13 & higher 10.4 versions	No	MySQL 8.0.17 & higher	No	PostgreSQL 13, 12.3 & higher
db.r6g.xlarge	All MariaDB 10.5 versions and MariaDB version 10.4.13 & higher 10.4 versions	No	MySQL 8.0.17 & higher	No	PostgreSQL 13, 12.3 & higher
db.r6g.large	All MariaDB 10.5 versions and MariaDB version 10.4.13 & higher 10.4 versions	No	MySQL 8.0.17 & higher	No	PostgreSQL 13, 12.3 & higher
db.r5d – Newest Generation Memory Optimized Instance Classes
db.r5d.24xlarge	No	Yes	No	No	No
db.r5d.16xlarge	No	Yes	No	No	No
db.r5d.12xlarge	No	Yes	No	No	No
db.r5d.8xlarge	No	Yes	No	No	No
db.r5d.4xlarge	No	Yes	No	No	No
db.r5d.2xlarge	No	Yes	No	No	No
db.r5d.xlarge	No	Yes	No	No	No
db.r5d.large	No	Yes	No	No	No
db.r5b – Memory-optimized instance classes
db.r5b.24xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.r5b.16xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.r5b.12xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.r5b.8xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.r5b.4xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.r5b.2xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.r5b.xlarge	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.r5b.large	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
db.r5 – Latest generation memory-optimized instance classes preconfigured for high memory, storage, and I/O
db.r5.12xlarge.tpc2.mem2x	No	No	No	Yes	No
db.r5.8xlarge.tpc2.mem3x	No	No	No	Yes	No
db.r5.6xlarge.tpc2.mem4x	No	No	No	Yes	No
db.r5.4xlarge.tpc2.mem4x	No	No	No	Yes	No
db.r5.4xlarge.tpc2.mem3x	No	No	No	Yes	No
db.r5.4xlarge.tpc2.mem2x	No	No	No	Yes	No
db.r5.2xlarge.tpc2.mem8x	No	No	No	Yes	No
db.r5.2xlarge.tpc2.mem4x	No	No	No	Yes	No
db.r5.2xlarge.tpc1.mem2x	No	No	No	Yes	No
db.r5.xlarge.tpc2.mem4x	No	No	No	Yes	No
db.r5.xlarge.tpc2.mem2x	No	No	No	Yes	No
db.r5.large.tpc1.mem2x	No	No	No	Yes	No
db.r5 – Latest generation memory-optimized instance classes
db.r5.24xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10.4 & higher, 9.6.9 & higher
db.r5.16xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10.4 & higher, 9.6.9 & higher
db.r5.12xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10.4 & higher, 9.6.9 & higher
db.r5.8xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10.4 & higher, 9.6.9 & higher
db.r5.4xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10.4 & higher, 9.6.9 & higher
db.r5.2xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10.4 & higher, 9.6.9 & higher
db.r5.xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10.4 & higher, 9.6.9 & higher
db.r5.large	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10.4 & higher, 9.6.9 & higher
db.r4 – Memory-optimized instance classes
db.r4.16xlarge	Yes	Yes	MySQL 8.0, 5.7, 5.6	Yes	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.r4.8xlarge	Yes	Yes	MySQL 8.0, 5.7, 5.6	Yes	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.r4.4xlarge	Yes	Yes	MySQL 8.0, 5.7, 5.6	Yes	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.r4.2xlarge	Yes	Yes	MySQL 8.0, 5.7, 5.6	Yes	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.r4.xlarge	Yes	Yes	MySQL 8.0, 5.7, 5.6	Yes	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.r4.large	Yes	Yes	MySQL 8.0, 5.7, 5.6	Yes	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.r3 – Memory-optimized instance classes
db.r3.8xlarge**	Yes	Yes	Yes	Deprecated	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.r3.4xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Deprecated	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.r3.2xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Deprecated	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.r3.xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Deprecated	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.r3.large	Yes	Yes	Yes	Deprecated	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.t3 – Next generation burstable performance instance classes
db.t3.2xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10, 9.6.9 & higher
db.t3.xlarge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10, 9.6.9 & higher
db.t3.large	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10, 9.6.9 & higher
db.t3.medium	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10, 9.6.9 & higher
db.t3.small	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10, 9.6.9 & higher
db.t3.micro	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	PostgreSQL 13, 12, 11, 10, 9.6.9 & higher
db.t2 – Burstable performance instance classes
db.t2.2xlarge	Yes	No	MySQL 8.0, 5.7, 5.6	Deprecated	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.t2.xlarge	Yes	No	MySQL 8.0, 5.7, 5.6	Deprecated	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.t2.large	Yes	Yes	Yes	Deprecated	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.t2.medium	Yes	Yes	Yes	Deprecated	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.t2.small	Yes	Yes	Yes	Deprecated	Lower than PostgreSQL 13
db.t2.micro	Yes	Yes	Yes	Deprecated	Lower than PostgreSQL 13

Determining DB instance class support in Amazon Regions

To determine the DB instance classes supported by each DB engine in a specific Amazon Region, you can use the Amazon Web Services Management Console, the Amazon RDS Pricing page, or the describe-orderable-db-instance-options command for the Amazon Command Line Interface (Amazon CLI).

Note

When you perform operations with the Amazon CLI, such as creating or modifying a DB instance, it automatically shows the supported DB instance classes for a specific DB engine, DB engine version, and Amazon Region.

Contents

Using the Amazon RDS pricing page to determine DB instance class support in Amazon Regions

You can use the Amazon RDS Pricing page to determine the DB instance classes supported by each DB engine in a specific Amazon Region.

To use the pricing page to determine the DB instance classes supported by each engine in a Region

Go to Amazon RDS Pricing.
Choose a DB engine.
On the pricing page for the DB engine, choose On-Demand DB Instances or Reserved DB Instances.
To see the DB instance classes available in an Amazon Region, choose the Amazon Region in Region.

Other choices might be available for some DB engines, such as Single-AZ Deployment or Multi-AZ Deployment.

Using the Amazon CLI to determine DB instance class support in Amazon Regions

You can use the Amazon CLI to determine which DB instance classes are supported for specific DB engines and DB engine versions in an Amazon Region. The following table shows the valid DB engine values.

Engine names	Engine values in CLI commands	More information about versions
MariaDB	`mariadb`	MariaDB on Amazon RDS versions
Microsoft SQL Server	`sqlserver-ee` `sqlserver-se` `sqlserver-ex` `sqlserver-web`	Microsoft SQL Server versions on Amazon RDS
MySQL	`mysql`	MySQL on Amazon RDS versions
Oracle	`oracle-ee` `oracle-se2` `oracle-se`	Oracle database engine release notes
PostgreSQL	`postgres`	Supported PostgreSQL database versions

For information about Amazon Region names, see Amazon Regions Availability Zones.

The following examples demonstrate how to determine DB instance class support in an Amazon Region using the describe-orderable-db-instance-options Amazon CLI command.

Note

To limit the output, these examples show results only for the General Purpose SSD (gp2) storage type. If necessary, you can change the storage type to Provisioned IOPS (io1) or magnetic (standard) in the commands.

Topics

Listing the DB instance classes that are supported by a specific DB engine version in an Amazon Region
Listing the DB engine versions that support a specific DB instance class in an Amazon Region

Listing the DB instance classes that are supported by a specific DB engine version in an Amazon Region

To list the DB instance classes that are supported by a specific DB engine version in an Amazon Region, run the following command.

For Linux, macOS, or Unix:


aws rds describe-orderable-db-instance-options --engine engine --engine-version version \
    --query "*[].{DBInstanceClass:DBInstanceClass,StorageType:StorageType}|[?StorageType=='gp2']|[].{DBInstanceClass:DBInstanceClass}" \
    --output text \
    --region region

For Windows:


aws rds describe-orderable-db-instance-options --engine engine --engine-version version ^
    --query "*[].{DBInstanceClass:DBInstanceClass,StorageType:StorageType}|[?StorageType=='gp2']|[].{DBInstanceClass:DBInstanceClass}" ^
    --output text ^
    --region region

For example, the following command lists the supported DB instance classes for version 12.4 of the RDS for PostgreSQL DB engine in US East (N. Virginia).

For Linux, macOS, or Unix:


aws rds describe-orderable-db-instance-options --engine postgres --engine-version 12.4 \
    --query "*[].{DBInstanceClass:DBInstanceClass,StorageType:StorageType}|[?StorageType=='gp2']|[].{DBInstanceClass:DBInstanceClass}" \
    --output text \
    --region us-east-1

For Windows:


aws rds describe-orderable-db-instance-options --engine postgres --engine-version 12.4 ^
    --query "*[].{DBInstanceClass:DBInstanceClass,StorageType:StorageType}|[?StorageType=='gp2']|[].{DBInstanceClass:DBInstanceClass}" ^
    --output text ^
    --region us-east-1

Listing the DB engine versions that support a specific DB instance class in an Amazon Region

To list the DB engine versions that support a specific DB instance class in an Amazon Region, run the following command.

For Linux, macOS, or Unix:


aws rds describe-orderable-db-instance-options --engine engine --db-instance-class DB_instance_class \
    --query "*[].{EngineVersion:EngineVersion,StorageType:StorageType}|[?StorageType=='gp2']|[].{EngineVersion:EngineVersion}" \
    --output text \
    --region region

For Windows:


aws rds describe-orderable-db-instance-options --engine engine --db-instance-class DB_instance_class ^
    --query "*[].{EngineVersion:EngineVersion,StorageType:StorageType}|[?StorageType=='gp2']|[].{EngineVersion:EngineVersion}" ^
    --output text ^
    --region region

For example, the following command lists the DB engine versions of the RDS for PostgreSQL DB engine that support the db.r5.large DB instance class in US East (N. Virginia).

For Linux, macOS, or Unix:


aws rds describe-orderable-db-instance-options --engine postgres --db-instance-class db.r5.large \
    --query "*[].{EngineVersion:EngineVersion,StorageType:StorageType}|[?StorageType=='gp2']|[].{EngineVersion:EngineVersion}" \
    --output text \
    --region us-east-1

For Windows:


aws rds describe-orderable-db-instance-options --engine postgres --db-instance-class db.r5.large ^
    --query "*[].{EngineVersion:EngineVersion,StorageType:StorageType}|[?StorageType=='gp2']|[].{EngineVersion:EngineVersion}" ^
    --output text ^
    --region us-east-1

Changing your DB instance class

You can change the CPU and memory available to a DB instance by changing its DB instance class. To change the DB instance class, modify your DB instance by following the instructions in Modifying an Amazon RDS DB instance.

Some instance classes require that your DB instance is in a VPC. If your current DB instance isn't in a VPC, and you want to use an instance class that requires one, first move your DB instance into a VPC. For more information, see Moving a DB instance not in a VPC into a VPC.

Configuring the processor for a DB instance class

Amazon RDS DB instance classes support Intel Hyper-Threading Technology, which enables multiple threads to run concurrently on a single Intel Xeon CPU core. Each thread is represented as a virtual CPU (vCPU) on the DB instance. A DB instance has a default number of CPU cores, which varies according to DB instance class. For example, a db.m4.xlarge DB instance class has two CPU cores and two threads per core by default—four vCPUs in total.

Note

Each vCPU is a hyperthread of an Intel Xeon CPU core.

Topics

Overview of configuring the processor
DB instance classes that support processor configuration
Setting the CPU cores and threads per CPU core for a DB instance class

Overview of configuring the processor

In most cases, you can find a DB instance class that has a combination of memory and number of vCPUs to suit your workloads. However, you can also specify the following processor features to optimize your DB instance for specific workloads or business needs:

Number of CPU cores – You can customize the number of CPU cores for the DB instance. You might do this to potentially optimize the licensing costs of your software with a DB instance that has sufficient amounts of RAM for memory-intensive workloads but fewer CPU cores.
Threads per core – You can disable Intel Hyper-Threading Technology by specifying a single thread per CPU core. You might do this for certain workloads, such as high-performance computing (HPC) workloads.

You can control the number of CPU cores and threads for each core separately. You can set one or both in a request. After a setting is associated with a DB instance, the setting persists until you change it.

The processor settings for a DB instance are associated with snapshots of the DB instance. When a snapshot is restored, its restored DB instance uses the processor feature settings used when the snapshot was taken.

If you modify the DB instance class for a DB instance with nondefault processor settings, either specify default processor settings or explicitly specify processor settings at modification. This requirement ensures that you are aware of the third-party licensing costs that might be incurred when you modify the DB instance.

There is no additional or reduced charge for specifying processor features on an Amazon RDS DB instance. You're charged the same as for DB instances that are launched with default CPU configurations.

DB instance classes that support processor configuration

You can configure the number of CPU cores and threads per core only when the following conditions are met:

You're configuring an Oracle DB instance. For information about the DB instance classes supported by different Oracle database editions, see RDS for Oracle instance classes.
Your instance is using the Bring Your Own License (BYOL) licensing option. For more information about Oracle licensing options, see Oracle licensing options.
Your instance isn't one of the db.r5 instance classes that have predefined processor configurations. These instance classes have names of the form db.r5.instance_size.tpcthreads_per_core.memratio. For example, db.r5.xlarge.tpc2.mem4x is preconfigured with 2 threads per core (tpc2) and 4x as much memory as the standard db.r5.xlarge instance class. You can't configure the processor features of these optimized instance classes. For more information, see Supported Oracle DB instance classes.

In the following table, you can find the DB instance classes that support setting a number of CPU cores and CPU threads per core. You can also find the default value and the valid values for the number of CPU cores and CPU threads per core for each DB instance class.

DB instance class	Default vCPUs	Default CPU cores	Default threads per core	Valid number of CPU cores	Valid number of threads per core
db.m5.large	2	1	2	1	1, 2
db.m5.xlarge	4	2	2	2	1, 2
db.m5.2xlarge	8	4	2	2, 4	1, 2
db.m5.4xlarge	16	8	2	2, 4, 6, 8	1, 2
db.m5.8xlarge	32	16	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16	1, 2
db.m5.12xlarge	48	24	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24	1, 2
db.m5.16xlarge	64	32	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32	1, 2
db.m5.24xlarge	96	48	2	4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48	1, 2
db.m5d.large	2	1	2	1	1, 2
db.m5d.xlarge	4	2	2	2	1, 2
db.m5d.2xlarge	8	4	2	2, 4	1, 2
db.m5d.4xlarge	16	8	2	2, 4, 6, 8	1, 2
db.m5d.8xlarge	32	16	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16	1, 2
db.m5d.12xlarge	48	24	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24	1, 2
db.m5d.16xlarge	64	32	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32	1, 2
db.m5d.24xlarge	96	48	2	4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48	1, 2
db.m4.10xlarge	40	20	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20	1, 2
db.m4.16xlarge	64	32	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32	1, 2
db.r5.large	2	1	2	1	1, 2
db.r5.xlarge	4	2	2	2	1, 2
db.r5.2xlarge	8	4	2	2, 4	1, 2
db.r5.4xlarge	16	8	2	2, 4, 6, 8	1, 2
db.r5.8xlarge	32	16	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16	1, 2
db.r5.12xlarge	48	24	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24	1, 2
db.r5.16xlarge	64	32	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32	1, 2
db.r5.24xlarge	96	48	2	4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48	1, 2
db.r5b.large	2	1	2	1	1, 2
db.r5b.xlarge	4	2	2	2	1, 2
db.r5b.2xlarge	8	4	2	2, 4	1, 2
db.r5b.4xlarge	16	8	2	2, 4, 6, 8	1, 2
db.r5b.8xlarge	32	16	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16	1, 2
db.r5b.12xlarge	48	24	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24	1, 2
db.r5b.16xlarge	64	32	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32	1, 2
db.r5b.24xlarge	96	48	2	4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48	1, 2
db.r5d.large	2	1	2	1	1, 2
db.r5d.xlarge	4	2	2	2	1, 2
db.r5d.2xlarge	8	4	2	2, 4	1, 2
db.r5d.4xlarge	16	8	2	2, 4, 6, 8	1, 2
db.r5d.8xlarge	32	16	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16	1, 2
db.r5d.12xlarge	48	24	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24	1, 2
db.r5d.16xlarge	64	32	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32	1, 2
db.r5d.24xlarge	96	48	2	4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48	1, 2
db.r4.large	2	1	2	1	1, 2
db.r4.xlarge	4	2	2	1, 2	1, 2
db.r4.2xlarge	8	4	2	1, 2, 3, 4	1, 2
db.r4.4xlarge	16	8	2	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8	1, 2
db.r4.8xlarge	32	16	2	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16	1, 2
db.r4.16xlarge	64	32	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32	1, 2
db.r3.large	2	1	2	1	1, 2
db.r3.xlarge	4	2	2	1, 2	1, 2
db.r3.2xlarge	8	4	2	1, 2, 3, 4	1, 2
db.r3.4xlarge	16	8	2	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8	1, 2
db.r3.8xlarge	32	16	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16	1, 2
db.x1.16xlarge	64	32	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32	1, 2
db.x1.32xlarge	128	64	2	4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64	1, 2
db.x1e.xlarge	4	2	2	1, 2	1, 2
db.x1e.2xlarge	8	4	2	1, 2, 3, 4	1, 2
db.x1e.4xlarge	16	8	2	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8	1, 2
db.x1e.8xlarge	32	16	2	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16	1, 2
db.x1e.16xlarge	64	32	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32	1, 2
db.x1e.32xlarge	128	64	2	4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64	1, 2
db.z1d.large	2	1	2	1	1, 2
db.z1d.xlarge	4	2	2	2	1, 2
db.z1d.2xlarge	8	4	2	2, 4	1, 2
db.z1d.3xlarge	12	6	2	2, 4, 6	1, 2
db.z1d.6xlarge	24	12	2	2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12	1, 2
db.z1d.12xlarge	48	24	2	4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24	1, 2

Note

You can use Amazon CloudTrail to monitor and audit changes to the process configuration of Amazon RDS for Oracle DB instances. For more information about using CloudTrail, see Working with Amazon CloudTrail and Amazon RDS.

Setting the CPU cores and threads per CPU core for a DB instance class

You can configure the number of CPU cores and threads per core for the DB instance class when you perform the following operations:

Note

When you modify a DB instance to configure the number of CPU cores or threads per core, there is a brief DB instance outage.

You can set the CPU cores and the threads per CPU core for a DB instance class using the Amazon Web Services Management Console, the Amazon CLI, or the RDS API.

When you are creating, modifying, or restoring a DB instance, you set the DB instance class in the Amazon Web Services Management Console. The Instance specifications section shows options for the processor. The following image shows the processor features options.

Set the following options to the appropriate values for your DB instance class under Processor features:

Core count – Set the number of CPU cores using this option. The value must be equal to or less than the maximum number of CPU cores for the DB instance class.
Threads per core – Specify 2 to enable multiple threads per core, or specify 1 to disable multiple threads per core.

When you modify or restore a DB instance, you can also set the CPU cores and the threads per CPU core to the defaults for the instance class.

When you view the details for a DB instance in the console, you can view the processor information for its DB instance class on the Configuration tab. The following image shows a DB instance class with one CPU core and multiple threads per core enabled.

For Oracle DB instances, the processor information only appears for Bring Your Own License (BYOL) DB instances.

You can set the processor features for a DB instance when you run one of the following Amazon CLI commands:

To configure the processor of a DB instance class for a DB instance by using the Amazon CLI, include the --processor-features option in the command. Specify the number of CPU cores with the coreCount feature name, and specify whether multiple threads per core are enabled with the threadsPerCore feature name.

The option has the following syntax.



--processor-features "Name=coreCount,Value=<value>" "Name=threadsPerCore,Value=<value>"

The following are examples that configure the processor:

Examples

Setting the number of CPU cores for a DB instance
Setting the number of CPU cores and disabling multiple threads for a DB instance
Viewing the valid processor values for a DB instance class
Returning to default processor settings for a DB instance
Returning to the default number of CPU cores for a DB instance
Returning to the default number of threads per core for a DB instance

Setting the number of CPU cores for a DB instance

The following example modifies mydbinstance by setting the number of CPU cores to 4. The changes are applied immediately by using --apply-immediately. If you want to apply the changes during the next scheduled maintenance window, omit the --apply-immediately option.

For Linux, macOS, or Unix:


aws rds modify-db-instance \
    --processor-features "Name=coreCount,Value=4" \
    --apply-immediately

For Windows:


aws rds modify-db-instance ^
    --processor-features "Name=coreCount,Value=4" ^
    --apply-immediately

Setting the number of CPU cores and disabling multiple threads for a DB instance

The following example modifies mydbinstance by setting the number of CPU cores to 4 and disabling multiple threads per core. The changes are applied immediately by using --apply-immediately. If you want to apply the changes during the next scheduled maintenance window, omit the --apply-immediately option.

For Linux, macOS, or Unix:


aws rds modify-db-instance \
    --processor-features "Name=coreCount,Value=4" "Name=threadsPerCore,Value=1" \
    --apply-immediately

For Windows:


aws rds modify-db-instance ^
    --processor-features "Name=coreCount,Value=4" "Name=threadsPerCore,Value=1" ^
    --apply-immediately

Viewing the valid processor values for a DB instance class

You can view the valid processor values for a particular DB instance class by running the describe-orderable-db-instance-options command and specifying the instance class for the --db-instance-class option. For example, the output for the following command shows the processor options for the db.r3.large instance class.


aws rds describe-orderable-db-instance-options --engine oracle-ee --db-instance-class db.r3.large

Following is sample output for the command in JSON format.


    {
                "SupportsIops": true,
                "MaxIopsPerGib": 50.0,
                "LicenseModel": "bring-your-own-license",
                "DBInstanceClass": "db.r3.large",
                "SupportsIAMDatabaseAuthentication": false,
                "MinStorageSize": 100,
                "AvailabilityZones": [
                    {
                        "Name": "us-west-2a"
                    },
                    {
                        "Name": "us-west-2b"
                    },
                    {
                        "Name": "us-west-2c"
                    }
                ],
                "EngineVersion": "12.1.0.2.v2",
                "MaxStorageSize": 32768,
                "MinIopsPerGib": 1.0,
                "MaxIopsPerDbInstance": 40000,
                "ReadReplicaCapable": false,
                "AvailableProcessorFeatures": [
                    {
                        "Name": "coreCount",
                        "DefaultValue": "1",
                        "AllowedValues": "1"
                    },
                    {
                        "Name": "threadsPerCore",
                        "DefaultValue": "2",
                        "AllowedValues": "1,2"
                    }
                ],
                "SupportsEnhancedMonitoring": true,
                "SupportsPerformanceInsights": false,
                "MinIopsPerDbInstance": 1000,
                "StorageType": "io1",
                "Vpc": false,
                "SupportsStorageEncryption": true,
                "Engine": "oracle-ee",
                "MultiAZCapable": true
    }

In addition, you can run the following commands for DB instance class processor information:

describe-db-instances – Shows the processor information for the specified DB instance.
describe-db-snapshots – Shows the processor information for the specified DB snapshot.
describe-valid-db-instance-modifications – Shows the valid modifications to the processor for the specified DB instance.

In the output of the preceding commands, the values for the processor features are not null only if the following conditions are met:

You are using an Oracle DB instance.
Your Oracle DB instance supports changing processor values.
The current CPU core and thread settings are set to nondefault values.

If the preceding conditions aren't met, you can get the instance type using describe-db-instances. You can get the processor information for this instance type by running the EC2 operation describe-instance-types.

Returning to default processor settings for a DB instance

The following example modifies mydbinstance by returning its DB instance class to the default processor values for it. The changes are applied immediately by using --apply-immediately. If you want to apply the changes during the next scheduled maintenance window, omit the --apply-immediately option.

For Linux, macOS, or Unix:


aws rds modify-db-instance \
    --use-default-processor-features \
    --apply-immediately

For Windows:


aws rds modify-db-instance ^
    --use-default-processor-features ^
    --apply-immediately

Returning to the default number of CPU cores for a DB instance

The following example modifies mydbinstance by returning its DB instance class to the default number of CPU cores for it. The threads per core setting isn't changed. The changes are applied immediately by using --apply-immediately. If you want to apply the changes during the next scheduled maintenance window, omit the --apply-immediately option.

For Linux, macOS, or Unix:


aws rds modify-db-instance \
    --processor-features "Name=coreCount,Value=DEFAULT" \
    --apply-immediately

For Windows:


aws rds modify-db-instance ^
    --processor-features "Name=coreCount,Value=DEFAULT" ^
    --apply-immediately

Returning to the default number of threads per core for a DB instance

The following example modifies mydbinstance by returning its DB instance class to the default number of threads per core for it. The number of CPU cores setting isn't changed. The changes are applied immediately by using --apply-immediately. If you want to apply the changes during the next scheduled maintenance window, omit the --apply-immediately option.

For Linux, macOS, or Unix:


aws rds modify-db-instance \
    --processor-features "Name=threadsPerCore,Value=DEFAULT" \
    --apply-immediately

For Windows:


aws rds modify-db-instance ^
    --processor-features "Name=threadsPerCore,Value=DEFAULT" ^
    --apply-immediately

You can set the processor features for a DB instance when you call one of the following Amazon RDS API operations:

To configure the processor features of a DB instance class for a DB instance by using the Amazon RDS API, include the ProcessFeatures parameter in the call.

The parameter has the following syntax.


ProcessFeatures "Name=coreCount,Value=<value>" "Name=threadsPerCore,Value=<value>"

Specify the number of CPU cores with the coreCount feature name, and specify whether multiple threads per core are enabled with the threadsPerCore feature name.

You can view the valid processor values for a particular instance class by running the DescribeOrderableDBInstanceOptions operation and specifying the instance class for the DBInstanceClass parameter. You can also use the following operations:

DescribeDBInstances – Shows the processor information for the specified DB instance.
DescribeDBSnapshots – Shows the processor information for the specified DB snapshot.
DescribeValidDBInstanceModifications – Shows the valid modifications to the processor for the specified DB instance.

In the output of the preceding operations, the values for the processor features are not null only if the following conditions are met:

You are using an Oracle DB instance.
Your Oracle DB instance supports changing processor values.
The current CPU core and thread settings are set to nondefault values.

If the preceding conditions aren't met, you can get the instance type using DescribeDBInstances. You can get the processor information for this instance type by running the EC2 operation DescribeInstanceTypes.

Hardware specifications for DB instance classes

The following terminology is used to describe hardware specifications for DB instance classes:

vCPU: The number of virtual central processing units (CPUs). A virtual CPU is a unit of capacity that you can use to compare DB instance classes. Instead of purchasing or leasing a particular processor to use for several months or years, you are renting capacity by the hour. Our goal is to make a consistent and specific amount of CPU capacity available, within the limits of the actual underlying hardware.
ECU: The relative measure of the integer processing power of an Amazon EC2 instance. To make it easy for developers to compare CPU capacity between different instance classes, we have defined an Amazon EC2 Compute Unit. The amount of CPU that is allocated to a particular instance is expressed in terms of these EC2 Compute Units. One ECU currently provides CPU capacity equivalent to a 1.0–1.2 GHz 2007 Opteron or 2007 Xeon processor.
Memory (GiB): The RAM, in gibibytes, allocated to the DB instance. There is often a consistent ratio between memory and vCPU. As an example, take the db.r4 instance class, which has a memory to vCPU ratio similar to the db.r5 instance class. However, for most use cases the db.r5 instance class provides better, more consistent performance than the db.r4 instance class.
VPC Only: The instance class is supported only for DB instances that are in a VPC based on the Amazon VPC service. In some cases, you might want to use an instance class that requires a VPC but your current DB instance isn't in a VPC. In these cases, start by moving your DB instance into a VPC. For more information, see Moving a DB instance not in a VPC into a VPC.
EBS-Optimized: The DB instance uses an optimized configuration stack and provides additional, dedicated capacity for I/O. This optimization provides the best performance by minimizing contention between I/O and other traffic from your instance. For more information about Amazon EBS–optimized instances, see Amazon EBS–Optimized instances in the Amazon EC2 User Guide for Linux Instances.
Max. Bandwidth (Mbps): The maximum bandwidth in megabits per second. Divide by 8 to get the expected throughput in megabytes per second.

Important

General Purpose SSD (gp2) volumes for Amazon RDS DB instances have a throughput limit of 250 MiB/s in most cases. However, the throughput limit can vary depending on volume size. For more information, see Amazon EBS volume types in the Amazon EC2 User Guide for Linux Instances. For information on estimating bandwidth for gp2 storage, see General Purpose SSD storage.
Network Performance: The network speed relative to other DB instance classes.

In the following table, you can find hardware details about the Amazon RDS DB instance classes.

For information about Amazon RDS DB engine support for each DB instance class, see Supported DB engines for DB instance classes.

Instance class	vCPU	ECU	Memory (GiB)	VPC only	EBS optimized	Max. bandwidth (mbps)	Network performance
db.m6g – Standard instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton2 processors
db.m6g.16xlarge	64	–	256	Yes	Yes	19,000	25 Gbps
db.m6g.12xlarge	48	–	192	Yes	Yes	13,500	20 Gbps
db.m6g.8xlarge	32	–	128	Yes	Yes	9,500	12 Gbps
db.m6g.4xlarge	16	–	64	Yes	Yes	6,800	Up to 10 Gbps
db.m6g.2xlarge*	8	–	32	Yes	Yes	Up to 4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.m6g.xlarge*	4	–	16	Yes	Yes	Up to 4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.m6g.large*	2	–	8	Yes	Yes	Up to 4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.m5d – Latest generation standard instance classes
db.m5d.24xlarge	96	345	384	Yes	Yes	19,000	25 Gbps
db.m5d.16xlarge	64	262	256	Yes	Yes	13,600	20 Gbps
db.m5d.12xlarge	48	173	192	Yes	Yes	9,500	10 Gbps
db.m5d.8xlarge	32	131	128	Yes	Yes	6,800	10 Gbps
db.m5d.4xlarge	16	61	64	Yes	Yes	4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.m5d.2xlarge*	8	31	32	Yes	Yes	Up to 4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.m5d.xlarge*	4	15	16	Yes	Yes	Up to 4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.m5d.large*	2	10	8	Yes	Yes	Up to 4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.m5 – Latest generation standard instance classes
db.m5.24xlarge	96	345	384	Yes	Yes	19,000	25 Gbps
db.m5.16xlarge	64	262	256	Yes	Yes	13,600	20 Gbps
db.m5.12xlarge	48	173	192	Yes	Yes	9,500	10 Gbps
db.m5.8xlarge	32	131	128	Yes	Yes	6,800	10 Gbps
db.m5.4xlarge	16	61	64	Yes	Yes	4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.m5.2xlarge*	8	31	32	Yes	Yes	Up to 4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.m5.xlarge*	4	15	16	Yes	Yes	Up to 4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.m5.large*	2	10	8	Yes	Yes	Up to 4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.m4 – Standard instance classes
db.m4.16xlarge	64	188	256	Yes	Yes	10,000	25 Gbps
db.m4.10xlarge	40	124.5	160	Yes	Yes	4,000	10 Gbps
db.m4.4xlarge	16	53.5	64	Yes	Yes	2,000	High
db.m4.2xlarge	8	25.5	32	Yes	Yes	1,000	High
db.m4.xlarge	4	13	16	Yes	Yes	750	High
db.m4.large	2	6.5	8	Yes	Yes	450	Moderate
db.m3 – Standard instance classes
db.m3.2xlarge	8	26	30	No	Yes	1,000	High
db.m3.xlarge	4	13	15	No	Yes	500	High
db.m3.large	2	6.5	7.5	No	No	—	Moderate
db.m3.medium	1	3	3.75	No	No	—	Moderate
db.m1 – Standard instance classes
db.m1.xlarge	4	4	15	No	Yes	450	High
db.m1.large	2	2	7.5	No	Yes	450	Moderate
db.m1.medium	1	1	3.75	No	No	—	Moderate
db.m1.small	1	1	1.7	No	No	—	Very Low
db.z1d – Memory-optimized instance classes
db.z1d.12xlarge	48	271	384	Yes	Yes	14,000	25 Gbps
db.z1d.6xlarge	24	134	192	Yes	Yes	7,000	10 Gbps
db.z1d.3xlarge	12	75	96	Yes	Yes	3,500	Up to 10 Gbps
db.z1d.2xlarge	8	53	64	Yes	Yes	2,333	Up to 10 Gbps
db.z1d.xlarge*	4	28	32	Yes	Yes	Up to 2,333	Up to 10 Gbps
db.z1d.large*	2	15	16	Yes	Yes	Up to 2,333	Up to 10 Gbps
db.x1e – Memory-optimized instance classes
db.x1e.32xlarge	128	340	3,904	Yes	Yes	14,000	25 Gbps
db.x1e.16xlarge	64	179	1,952	Yes	Yes	7,000	10 Gbps
db.x1e.8xlarge	32	91	976	Yes	Yes	3,500	Up to 10 Gbps
db.x1e.4xlarge	16	47	488	Yes	Yes	1,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.x1e.2xlarge	8	23	244	Yes	Yes	1,000	Up to 10 Gbps
db.x1e.xlarge	4	12	122	Yes	Yes	500	Up to 10 Gbps
db.x1 – Memory-optimized instance classes
db.x1.32xlarge	128	349	1,952	Yes	Yes	14,000	25 Gbps
db.x1.16xlarge	64	174.5	976	Yes	Yes	7,000	10 Gbps
db.r6g – Memory-optimized instance classes powered by Amazon Graviton2 processors
db.r6g.16xlarge	64	–	512	Yes	Yes	19,000	25 Gbps
db.r6g.12xlarge	48	–	384	Yes	Yes	13,500	20 Gbps
db.r6g.8xlarge	32	–	256	Yes	Yes	9,000	12 Gbps
db.r6g.4xlarge	16	–	128	Yes	Yes	4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r6g.2xlarge*	8	–	64	Yes	Yes	Up to 4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r6g.xlarge*	4	–	32	Yes	Yes	Up to 4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r6g.large*	2	–	16	Yes	Yes	Up to 4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r5d – Latest generation memory optimized instance classes
db.r5d.24xlarge	96	347	768	Yes	Yes	19,000	25 Gbps
db.r5d.16xlarge	64	264	512	Yes	Yes	13,600	20 Gbps
db.r5d.12xlarge	48	173	384	Yes	Yes	9,500	10 Gbps
db.r5d.8xlarge	32	132	256	Yes	Yes	6,800	10 Gbps
db.r5d.4xlarge	16	71	128	Yes	Yes	4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r5d.2xlarge*	8	38	64	Yes	Yes	Up to 4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r5d.xlarge*	4	19	32	Yes	Yes	Up to 4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r5d.large*	2	10	16	Yes	Yes	Up to 4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r5b – Memory-optimized instance classes
db.r5b.24xlarge	96	347	768	Yes	Yes	60,000	25 Gbps
db.r5b.16xlarge	64	264	512	Yes	Yes	40,000	20 Gbps
db.r5b.12xlarge	48	173	384	Yes	Yes	30,000	10 Gbps
db.r5b.8xlarge	32	132	256	Yes	Yes	20,000	10 Gbps
db.r5b.4xlarge	16	71	128	Yes	Yes	10,000	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r5b.2xlarge*	8	38	64	Yes	Yes	Up to 10,000	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r5b.xlarge*	4	19	32	Yes	Yes	Up to 10,000	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r5b.large*	2	10	16	Yes	Yes	Up to 10,000	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r5 – Latest generation memory-optimized instance classes
db.r5.24xlarge	96	347	768	Yes	Yes	19,000	25 Gbps
db.r5.16xlarge	64	264	512	Yes	Yes	13,600	20 Gbps
db.r5.12xlarge	48	173	384	Yes	Yes	9,500	10 Gbps
db.r5.8xlarge	32	132	256	Yes	Yes	6,800	10 Gbps
db.r5.4xlarge	16	71	128	Yes	Yes	4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r5.2xlarge*	8	38	64	Yes	Yes	Up to 4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r5.xlarge*	4	19	32	Yes	Yes	Up to 4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r5.large*	2	10	16	Yes	Yes	Up to 4,750	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r4 – Memory-optimized instance classes
db.r4.16xlarge	64	195	488	Yes	Yes	14,000	25 Gbps
db.r4.8xlarge	32	99	244	Yes	Yes	7,000	10 Gbps
db.r4.4xlarge	16	53	122	Yes	Yes	3,500	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r4.2xlarge	8	27	61	Yes	Yes	1,700	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r4.xlarge	4	13.5	30.5	Yes	Yes	850	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r4.large	2	7	15.25	Yes	Yes	425	Up to 10 Gbps
db.r3 – Memory-optimized instance classes (deprecated)
db.r3.8xlarge	32	104	244	No	No	—	10 Gbps
db.r3.4xlarge	16	52	122	No	Yes	2,000	High
db.r3.2xlarge	8	26	61	No	Yes	1,000	High
db.r3.xlarge	4	13	30.5	No	Yes	500	Moderate
db.r3.large	2	6.5	15.25	No	No	—	Moderate
db.m2 – Memory-optimized instance classes
db.m2.4xlarge	8	26	68.4	No	Yes	1,000	High
db.m2.2xlarge	4	13	34.2	No	Yes	500	Moderate
db.m2.xlarge	2	6.5	17.1	No	No	—	Moderate
db.t3 – Next generation burstable performance instance classes
db.t3.2xlarge*	8	Variable	32	Yes	Yes	Up to 2,048	Up to 5 Gbps
db.t3.xlarge*	4	Variable	16	Yes	Yes	Up to 2,048	Up to 5 Gbps
db.t3.large*	2	Variable	8	Yes	Yes	Up to 2,048	Up to 5 Gbps
db.t3.medium*	2	Variable	4	Yes	Yes	Up to 1,536	Up to 5 Gbps
db.t3.small*	2	Variable	2	Yes	Yes	Up to 1,536	Up to 5 Gbps
db.t3.micro*	2	Variable	1	Yes	Yes	Up to 1,536	Up to 5 Gbps
db.t2 – Burstable performance instance classes
db.t2.2xlarge	8	Variable	32	Yes	No	—	Moderate
db.t2.xlarge	4	Variable	16	Yes	No	—	Moderate
db.t2.large	2	Variable	8	Yes	No	—	Moderate
db.t2.medium	2	Variable	4	Yes	No	—	Moderate
db.t2.small	1	Variable	2	Yes	No	—	Low
db.t2.micro	1	Variable	1	Yes	No	—	Low

* These DB instance classes can support maximum performance for 30 minutes at least once every 24 hours. For more information on baseline performance of these instance types, see Amazon EBS-optimized instances in the Amazon EC2 User Guide for Linux Instances.

** The r3.8xlarge instance doesn't have dedicated EBS bandwidth and therefore doesn't offer EBS optimization. On this instance, network traffic and Amazon EBS traffic share the same 10-gigabit network interface.

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DB instances

DB instance storage