Running SQL queries using Amazon Athena

You can run SQL queries using Amazon Athena on data sources that are registered with the Amazon Glue Data Catalog and data sources such as Hive metastores and Amazon DocumentDB instances that you connect to using the Athena Federated Query feature. For more information about working with data sources, see Connecting to data sources. When you run a Data Definition Language (DDL) query that modifies schema, Athena writes the metadata to the metastore associated with the data source. In addition, some queries, such as CREATE TABLE AS and INSERT INTO can write records to the dataset—for example, adding a CSV record to an Amazon S3 location. When you run a query, Athena saves the results of a query in a query result location that you specify. This allows you to view query history and to download and view query results sets.

This section provides guidance for running Athena queries on common data sources and data types using a variety of SQL statements. General guidance is provided for working with common structures and operators—for example, working with arrays, concatenating, filtering, flattening, and sorting. Other examples include queries for data in tables with nested structures and maps, tables based on JSON-encoded datasets, and datasets associated with Amazon Web Services such as Amazon CloudTrail logs and Amazon EMR logs. Comprehensive coverage of standard SQL usage is beyond the scope of this documentation. For more information about SQL, refer to the Trino and Presto language references.

For considerations and limitations, see Considerations and limitations for SQL queries in Amazon Athena.