Format of device location MQTT topics Policy for device location MQTT topics Device location topics and payload

Resolving device location using Amazon IoT Core Device Location MQTT topics

You can use reserved MQTT topics to get the latest location information for your devices with the Amazon IoT Core Device Location feature.

Format of device location MQTT topics

Reserved topics for Amazon IoT Core Device Location use the following prefix:

$aws/device_location/{customer_device_id}/

To create a complete topic, first replace customer_device_id with your unique ID that you use for identifying your device. We recommend that you specify the WirelessDeviceId, such as for LoRaWAN and Sidewalk devices, and thingName, if your device is registered as an Amazon IoT thing. You then append the topic with the topic stub, such as get_position_estimate or get_position_estimate/accepted as shown in the following section.

Note

The {customer_device_id} can only contain letters, numbers, and dashes. When subscribing to device location topics, you can only use the plus sign (+) as a wildcard character. For example, you can use the + wildcard for the {customer_device_id} to obtain the location information for your devices. When you subscribe to the topic $aws/device_location/+/get_position_estimate/accepted, a message will be published with the location information for devices that match any device ID if it was successfully resolved.

The following are the reserved topics used to interact with Amazon IoT Core Device Location.

Device location MQTT topics
Topic	Allowed operations	Description
$aws/device_location/`customer_device_id`/get_position_estimate	Publish	A device publishes to this topic to get the scanned raw measurement data to be resolved by Amazon IoT Core Device Location.
$aws/device_location/`customer_device_id`/get_position_estimate/accepted	Subscribe	Amazon IoT Core Device Location publishes the location information to this topic when it successfully resolves the device location.
$aws/device_location/`customer_device_id`/get_position_estimate/rejected	Subscribe	Amazon IoT Core Device Location publishes the error information to this topic when it fails to resolve the device location.

Policy for device location MQTT topics

To receive messages from device location topics, your device must use a policy that allows it to connect to the Amazon IoT device gateway and subscribe to the MQTT topics.

The following is an example of the policy required for receiving messages for the various topics.


{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "iot:Publish"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:iot:region:account:topic/$aws/device_location/customer_device_id/get_position_estimate"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "iot:Receive"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:iot:region:account:topic/$aws/device_location/customer_device_id/get_position_estimate/accepted",
        "arn:aws:iot:region:account:topic/$aws/device_location/customer_device_id/get_position_estimate/rejected"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "iot:Subscribe"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:iot:region:account:topicfilter/$aws/device_location/customer_device_id/get_position_estimate/accepted",
        "arn:aws:iot:region:account:topicfilter/$aws/device_location/customer_device_id/get_position_estimate/rejected"
      ]
    }
  ]
}

Device location topics and payload

The following shows the Amazon IoT Core Device Location topics, the format of their message payload, and an example policy for each topic.

/get_position_estimate

Publish a message to this topic to get the raw measurement data from the device to be resolved by Amazon IoT Core Device Location.


$aws/device_location/customer_device_id/get_position_estimate

Amazon IoT Core Device Location responds by publishing to either /get_position_estimate/accepted or /get_position_estimate/rejected.

Note

The message published to this topic must be a valid JSON payload. If the input message is not in valid JSON format, you won't get any response. For more information, see Message payload.

The message payload format follows a similar structure as the Amazon IoT Wireless API operation request body, GetPositionEstimate. It contains:

An optional Timestamp string, which corresponds to the date and time the location was resolved. The Timestamp string can have a minimum length of 1 and maximum length of 10.
An optional MessageId string, which can be used to map the request to the response. If you specify this string, the message published to the get_position_estimate/accepted or get_position_estimate/rejected topics will contain this MessageId. The MessageID string can have a minimum length of 1 and maximum length of 256.
The measurement data from the device that contains one or more of the following measurement types:

The following shows a sample message payload.


{
    "Timestamp": "1664313161",               
    "MessageId": "ABCD1",                
    "WiFiAccessPoints":  [                           
        {
            "MacAddress": "A0:EC:F9:1E:32:C1",                   
            "Rss": -66 
        }
    ],    
    "Ip":{
        "IpAddress": "54.192.168.0"                         
    },
    "Gnss":{
      "Payload":"8295A614A2029517F4F77C0A7823B161A6FC57E25183D96535E3689783F6CA48",
      "CaptureTime":1354393948
    }
}

The following is an example of the required policy:


{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "iot:Publish"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:iot:region:account:topic/$aws/device_location/customer_device_id/get_position_estimate"
      ]
    }
  ]
}

/get_position_estimate/accepted

Amazon IoT Core Device Location publishes a response to this topic when returning the resolved location information for your device. The location information is returned in GeoJSON format.


$aws/device_location/customer_device_id/get_position_estimate/accepted

The following shows the message payload and an example policy.

The following is an example of the message payload in GeoJSON format. If you specified a MessageId in your raw measurement data and Amazon IoT Core Device Location resolved the location information successfully, then the message payload returns the same MessageId information.


{
    "coordinates": [
        13.37704086303711,
        52.51865005493164
    ],
    "type": "Point",
    "properties": {
        "verticalAccuracy": 707,
        "verticalConfidenceLevel": 0.68,
        "horizontalAccuracy": 389,
        "horizontalConfidenceLevel": 0.68,
        "country": "USA",
        "state": "CA",
        "city": "Sunnyvalue",
        "postalCode": "91234",        
        "timestamp": "2022-11-18T14:03:57.391Z",
        "messageId": "ABCD1"
    }
}

The following is an example of the required policy:


{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "iot:Subscribe"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:iot:region:account:topicfilter/$aws/device_location/customer_device_id/get_position_estimate/accepted"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "iot:Receive"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:iot:region:account:topic/$aws/device_location/customer_device_id/get_position_estimate/accepted"
      ]
    }
  ]
}

/get_position_estimate/rejected

Amazon IoT Core Device Location publishes an error response to this topic when it fails to resolve the device location.


$aws/device_location/customer_device_id/get_position_estimate/rejected

The following shows the message payload and example policy. For information about the errors, see Troubleshooting errors when resolving the location.

The following is an example of the message payload that provides the error code and message, which indicates why Amazon IoT Core Device Location failed to resolve the location information. If you specified a MessageId when providing your raw measurement data and Amazon IoT Core Device Location failed to resolve the location information, then the same MessageId information will be returned in the message payload.


{
    "errorCode": 500,
    "errorMessage":"Internal server error",
    "messageId": "ABCD1"
}

The following is an example of the required policy:


{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "iot:Subscribe"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:iot:region:account:topicfilter/$aws/device_location/customer_device_id/get_position_estimate/rejected"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Action": [
        "iot:Receive"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:iot:region:account:topic/$aws/device_location/customer_device_id/get_position_estimate/rejected"
      ]
    }
  ]
}

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