Services or capabilities described in Amazon Web Services documentation might vary by Region. To see the differences applicable to the China Regions, see Getting Started with Amazon Web Services in China (PDF).

Deprecated in AL2023, removed in AL2027

When you migrate to AL2027, some functionality available in AL2023 is no longer present. Review these changes to update your workloads before migrating. Most of these removals were announced in Deprecated in AL2023. For the complete package-level list, see Comparing packages in the AL2027 Release Notes.

DNF version 4 and its Python API

AL2027 replaces DNF (version 4) with DNF5. The dnf and yum commands run DNF5, and compatibility aliases keep common DNF (version 4) command spellings working. The DNF (version 4) Python API (python3-dnf) is not available; port Python scripts to the python3-libdnf5 bindings. The yum-utils and dnf-utils package names remain installable and resolve to the dnf5-plugins package, which provides the replacement commands. For more information, see Package management tool.

32-bit x86 (i686) packages

AL2023 deprecated 32-bit x86 (i686) runtime support. The AL2027 repositories do not contain i686 packages. Rebuild remaining 32-bit workloads as 64-bit (x86_64), or run them on AL2023 for the remainder of its support period.

pcre version 1

The legacy pcre package, deprecated in AL2023, is removed in AL2027. Migrate code to pcre2, which is included.

Berkeley DB (libdb)

The Berkeley DB library (libdb), deprecated in AL2023, is removed in AL2027. This includes the read-only support for Berkeley DB format RPM databases that the AL2023 package manager retained; AL2027 uses the SQLite RPM database format. Migrate applications that store data in Berkeley DB to another database library, such as GDBM or SQLite.

System V init scripts

AL2027 ships systemd 260, which removes support for System V service (init) scripts, following the upstream systemd deprecation announced in v254. AL2023 retained backwards compatibility and documented the deprecation; AL2027 completes the removal. Convert remaining init scripts to systemd unit files.

Control groups version 1 (cgroup v1)

cgroup v1 was deprecated in AL2 and AL2023 ran cgroup v2 by default. The systemd project removed cgroup v1 support in v258, so AL2027 (with systemd 260) supports cgroup v2 only. Move any remaining tooling that mounts or reads the legacy cgroup v1 hierarchy to the cgroup v2 interfaces. For more information, see Limiting process resource usage in AL2027 using cgroups. We recommend using systemd to control resource usage instead of manipulating cgroups directly; for more information, see Limiting process resource usage in AL2027 using systemd.

ksh

The ksh shell is removed in AL2027. Port shell scripts to bash, which is included by default, or install zsh from the repositories.

opensmtpd

The opensmtpd mail server is removed in AL2027. Use postfix or sendmail, both available in the repositories.

Packages that reached end of support in AL2023

Packages whose support ended during the AL2023 lifetime are not carried into AL2027. This includes dotnet6.0, mariadb105, and php8.1. Move to the current versions of these runtimes shipped in AL2027. For the package list, see Getting started with programming runtimes on AL2027 and the AL2027 Release Notes.

ftp client

The legacy ftp package from AL2 was removed in AL2023 and remains unavailable in AL2027. The package was not actively maintained upstream, and the FTP protocol transmits data, including credentials, in plaintext. The wget package, listed as an alternative in the AL2023 documentation, is also not available in the AL2027 repositories during the preview.

Use one of the following alternatives. For file transfers, lftp supports FTP, FTPS, HTTP, HTTPS, and SFTP. Install it with sudo dnf install lftp. For downloads, curl is installed by default, and the curl-minimal and curl-full split from AL2023 does not exist in AL2027. Where you control both endpoints, we recommend sftp from the openssh-clients package, because transfers and credentials are encrypted.

Some applications declare a dependency on the ftp package in their package metadata even though they no longer use it. Such applications might work correctly on AL2027 despite the absence of /usr/bin/ftp. Review your application's actual requirements, and remove stale ftp dependencies from packages you maintain.