运行 Amazon IoT Greengrass 资格套件的先决条件 - Amazon IoT Greengrass
下载适用于 Amazon IoT Greengrass 的最新版本的 IDT 下载该Amazon IoT Greengrass软件创建和配置 Amazon Web Services 账户
Amazon Web Services 文档中描述的 Amazon Web Services 服务或功能可能因区域而异。要查看适用于中国区域的差异，请参阅 中国的 Amazon Web Services 服务入门 (PDF)。

本文属于机器翻译版本。若本译文内容与英语原文存在差异，则一律以英文原文为准。

运行 Amazon IoT Greengrass 资格套件的先决条件

本节介绍使用 Amazon IoT Device Tester (IDT) 的先决条件。Amazon IoT Greengrass

下载最新版本的 fo Amazon IoT Device Tester r Amazon IoT Greengrass

下载最新版本的 IDT 并将该软件解压缩到文件系统上您拥有读/写权限的位置 (< device-tester-extract-location >)。

注意

IDT 不支持由多个用户从共享位置（如 NFS 目录或 Windows 网络共享文件夹）运行。建议您将 IDT 包解压缩到本地驱动器，并在本地工作站上运行 IDT 二进制文件。

Windows 的路径长度限制为 260 个字符。如果您使用的是 Windows，请将 IDT 提取到根目录（如 C:\ 或 D:\）以使路径长度不超过 260 个字符的限制。

下载该Amazon IoT Greengrass软件

IDT fo Amazon IoT Greengrass r V2 会测试您的设备是否与特定版本的兼容。Amazon IoT Greengrass运行以下命令将 Amazon IoT Greengrass Core 软件下载到名为的文件中aws.greengrass.nucleus.zip。将版本替换为您的 IDT 版本所支持的 nucleus 组件版本。

Linux or Unix
curl -s https://d2s8p88vqu9w66.cloudfront.net/releases/greengrass-version.zip > aws.greengrass.nucleus.zip
Windows Command Prompt (CMD)
curl -s https://d2s8p88vqu9w66.cloudfront.net/releases/greengrass-version.zip > aws.greengrass.nucleus.zip
PowerShell
iwr -Uri https://d2s8p88vqu9w66.cloudfront.net/releases/greengrass-version.zip -OutFile aws.greengrass.nucleus.zip

将下载aws.greengrass.nucleus.zip的文件放在<device-tester-extract-location>/products/文件夹中。

注意

对于相同的操作系统和架构，请勿在此目录中放置多个文件。

创建和配置 Amazon Web Services 账户

在 Amazon IoT Greengrass V2 中使用Amazon IoT Device Tester之前，必须执行以下步骤：

  1. 设置一个 Amazon Web Services 账户。如果您已有 Amazon Web Services 账户，请跳至步骤 2。

  2. 为 IDT 配置权限。

这些账户权限允许 IDT 代表您访问Amazon服务和创建Amazon资源，例如Amazon IoT事物和Amazon IoT Greengrass组件。

要创建这些资源，适用于 Amazon IoT Greengrass V2 的 IDT 使用config.json文件中配置的Amazon凭据代表您进行 API 调用。这些资源将在测试过程的不同时间进行预置。

注意

尽管大多数测试都符合Amazon免费套餐资格，但在注册时必须提供信用卡Amazon Web Services 账户。有关更多信息，请参阅我的账户使用的是免费套餐，为什么还需要提供付款方式？

第 1 步：设置 Amazon Web Services 账户

在此步骤中，将创建并配置 Amazon Web Services 账户。如果您已有 Amazon Web Services 账户，请跳至 步骤 2：为 IDT 配置权限。

如果您还没有 Amazon Web Services 账户，请完成以下步骤来创建一个。

注册 Amazon Web Services 账户

  1. 打开 https://portal.aws.amazon.com/billing/signup。

  2. 按照屏幕上的说明进行操作。

    在注册时，将接到一通电话，要求使用电话键盘输入一个验证码。

    当您注册 Amazon Web Services 账户时，系统将会创建一个 Amazon Web Services 账户根用户。根用户有权访问该账户中的所有 Amazon Web Services 和资源。作为安全最佳实践，请为管理用户分配管理访问权限，并且只使用根用户执行需要根用户访问权限的任务。

保护 IAM 用户

注册 Amazon Web Services 账户 后，启用多重身份验证 (MFA) 保护您的管理用户。有关说明，请参阅《IAM 用户指南》中的为 IAM 用户启用虚拟 MFA 设备（控制台）。

要授予其他用户访问您的 Amazon Web Services 账户资源的权限，请创建 IAM 用户。为了保护您的 IAM 用户，请启用 MFA 并仅向 IAM 用户授予执行任务所需的权限。

有关创建和保护 IAM 用户的更多信息，请参阅《IAM 用户指南》中的以下主题：

步骤 2：为 IDT 配置权限

在此步骤中，配置 IDT for Amazon IoT Greengrass V2 用于运行测试和收集 IDT 使用情况数据的权限。您可以使用Amazon Web Services Management Console或 Amazon Command Line Interface(Amazon CLI) 为 IDT 创建 IAM 策略和测试用户，然后将策略附加到该用户。如果您已经为 IDT 创建了测试用户，请跳至。配置设备以运行 IDT 测试

  1. 登录 IAM 控制台。

  2. 创建客户托管策略，该策略授权创建具有特定权限的角色。

    1. 在导航窗格中，选择 Policies (策略)，然后选择 Create policy (创建策略)。

    2. 如果您未使用 PreInstalled，请在 JSON 选项卡上将占位符内容替换为以下策略。如果您正在使用 PreInstalled，请继续执行以下步骤。

      {
    "Version":"2012-10-17",
    "Statement":[
    {
      "Sid":"passRoleForResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":"iam:PassRole",
      "Resource":"arn:aws:iam::*:role/idt-*",
      "Condition":{
        "StringEquals":{
          "iam:PassedToService":[
            "iot.amazonaws.com",
            "lambda.amazonaws.com",
            "greengrass.amazonaws.com"
          ]
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "Sid":"lambdaResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "lambda:CreateFunction",
        "lambda:PublishVersion",
        "lambda:DeleteFunction",
        "lambda:GetFunction"
      ],
      "Resource":[
        "arn:aws:lambda:*:*:function:idt-*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid":"iotResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "iot:CreateThing",
        "iot:DeleteThing",
        "iot:DescribeThing",
        "iot:CreateThingGroup",
        "iot:DeleteThingGroup",
        "iot:DescribeThingGroup",
        "iot:AddThingToThingGroup",
        "iot:RemoveThingFromThingGroup",
        "iot:AttachThingPrincipal",
        "iot:DetachThingPrincipal",
        "iot:UpdateCertificate",
        "iot:DeleteCertificate",
        "iot:CreatePolicy",
        "iot:AttachPolicy",
        "iot:DetachPolicy",
        "iot:DeletePolicy",
        "iot:GetPolicy",
        "iot:Publish",
        "iot:TagResource",
        "iot:ListThingPrincipals",
        "iot:ListAttachedPolicies",
        "iot:ListTargetsForPolicy",
        "iot:ListThingGroupsForThing",
        "iot:ListThingsInThingGroup",
        "iot:CreateJob",
        "iot:DescribeJob",
        "iot:DescribeJobExecution",
        "iot:CancelJob"
      ],
      "Resource":[
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:thing/idt-*",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:thinggroup/idt-*",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:policy/idt-*",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:cert/*",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:topic/idt-*",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:job/*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid":"s3Resources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "s3:GetObject",
        "s3:PutObject",
        "s3:DeleteObjectVersion",
        "s3:DeleteObject",
        "s3:CreateBucket",
        "s3:ListBucket",
        "s3:ListBucketVersions",
        "s3:DeleteBucket",
        "s3:PutObjectTagging",
        "s3:PutBucketTagging"
      ],
      "Resource":"arn:aws:s3::*:idt-*"
    },
    {
      "Sid":"roleAliasResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "iot:CreateRoleAlias",
        "iot:DescribeRoleAlias",
        "iot:DeleteRoleAlias",
        "iot:TagResource",
        "iam:GetRole"
      ],
      "Resource":[
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:rolealias/idt-*",
        "arn:aws:iam::*:role/idt-*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid":"idtExecuteAndCollectMetrics",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "iot-device-tester:SendMetrics",
        "iot-device-tester:SupportedVersion",
        "iot-device-tester:LatestIdt",
        "iot-device-tester:CheckVersion",
        "iot-device-tester:DownloadTestSuite"
      ],
      "Resource":"*"
    },
    {
      "Sid":"genericResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "greengrass:*",
        "iot:GetThingShadow",
        "iot:UpdateThingShadow",
        "iot:ListThings",
        "iot:DescribeEndpoint",
        "iot:CreateKeysAndCertificate"
      ],
      "Resource":"*"
    },
    {
      "Sid":"iamResourcesUpdate",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "iam:CreateRole",
        "iam:DeleteRole",
        "iam:CreatePolicy",
        "iam:DeletePolicy",
        "iam:AttachRolePolicy",
        "iam:DetachRolePolicy",
        "iam:TagRole",
        "iam:TagPolicy",
        "iam:GetPolicy",
        "iam:ListAttachedRolePolicies",
        "iam:ListEntitiesForPolicy"
      ],
      "Resource":[
        "arn:aws:iam::*:role/idt-*",
        "arn:aws:iam::*:policy/idt-*"
      ]
    }
  ]
}

    3. 如果您使用的是 PreInstalled，请在 JSON 选项卡上将占位符内容替换为以下策略。确保你：

      • 将iotResources语句中的 ThingName 和 ThingGrou p 替换为在受测设备 (DUT) 上安装 Greengrass 期间创建的事物名称和事物组，以添加权限。

      • 将语句和语句中的 roleAliasResourcesPass Role 和 roleAlias 替换passRoleForResources为在 DUT 上安装 Greengrass 期间创建的角色。

      {
    "Version":"2012-10-17",
    "Statement":[
    {
      "Sid":"passRoleForResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":"iam:PassRole",
      "Resource":"arn:aws:iam::*:role/passRole",
      "Condition":{
        "StringEquals":{
          "iam:PassedToService":[
            "iot.amazonaws.com",
            "lambda.amazonaws.com",
            "greengrass.amazonaws.com"
          ]
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "Sid":"lambdaResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "lambda:CreateFunction",
        "lambda:PublishVersion",
        "lambda:DeleteFunction",
        "lambda:GetFunction"
      ],
      "Resource":[
        "arn:aws:lambda:*:*:function:idt-*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid":"iotResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "iot:CreateThing",
        "iot:DeleteThing",
        "iot:DescribeThing",
        "iot:CreateThingGroup",
        "iot:DeleteThingGroup",
        "iot:DescribeThingGroup",
        "iot:AddThingToThingGroup",
        "iot:RemoveThingFromThingGroup",
        "iot:AttachThingPrincipal",
        "iot:DetachThingPrincipal",
        "iot:UpdateCertificate",
        "iot:DeleteCertificate",
        "iot:CreatePolicy",
        "iot:AttachPolicy",
        "iot:DetachPolicy",
        "iot:DeletePolicy",
        "iot:GetPolicy",
        "iot:Publish",
        "iot:TagResource",
        "iot:ListThingPrincipals",
        "iot:ListAttachedPolicies",
        "iot:ListTargetsForPolicy",
        "iot:ListThingGroupsForThing",
        "iot:ListThingsInThingGroup",
        "iot:CreateJob",
        "iot:DescribeJob",
        "iot:DescribeJobExecution",
        "iot:CancelJob"
      ],
      "Resource":[
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:thing/thingName",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:thinggroup/thingGroup",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:policy/idt-*",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:cert/*",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:topic/idt-*",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:job/*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid":"s3Resources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "s3:GetObject",
        "s3:PutObject",
        "s3:DeleteObjectVersion",
        "s3:DeleteObject",
        "s3:CreateBucket",
        "s3:ListBucket",
        "s3:ListBucketVersions",
        "s3:DeleteBucket",
        "s3:PutObjectTagging",
        "s3:PutBucketTagging"
      ],
      "Resource":"arn:aws:s3::*:idt-*"
    },
    {
      "Sid":"roleAliasResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "iot:CreateRoleAlias",
        "iot:DescribeRoleAlias",
        "iot:DeleteRoleAlias",
        "iot:TagResource",
        "iam:GetRole"
      ],
      "Resource":[
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:rolealias/roleAlias",
        "arn:aws:iam::*:role/idt-*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid":"idtExecuteAndCollectMetrics",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "iot-device-tester:SendMetrics",
        "iot-device-tester:SupportedVersion",
        "iot-device-tester:LatestIdt",
        "iot-device-tester:CheckVersion",
        "iot-device-tester:DownloadTestSuite"
      ],
      "Resource":"*"
    },
    {
      "Sid":"genericResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "greengrass:*",
        "iot:GetThingShadow",
        "iot:UpdateThingShadow",
        "iot:ListThings",
        "iot:DescribeEndpoint",
        "iot:CreateKeysAndCertificate"
      ],
      "Resource":"*"
    },
    {
      "Sid":"iamResourcesUpdate",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "iam:CreateRole",
        "iam:DeleteRole",
        "iam:CreatePolicy",
        "iam:DeletePolicy",
        "iam:AttachRolePolicy",
        "iam:DetachRolePolicy",
        "iam:TagRole",
        "iam:TagPolicy",
        "iam:GetPolicy",
        "iam:ListAttachedRolePolicies",
        "iam:ListEntitiesForPolicy"
      ],
      "Resource":[
        "arn:aws:iam::*:role/idt-*",
        "arn:aws:iam::*:policy/idt-*"
      ]
    }
  ]
}
      注意

      如果您想使用自定义 IAM 角色作为受测设备的令牌交换角色，请务必更新策略中的roleAliasResources声明和passRoleForResources声明以允许您的自定义 IAM 角色资源。

    4. 选择查看策略。

    5. 对于 Name (名称)，请输入 IDTGreengrassIAMPermissions。在 Summary (摘要) 下，查看策略授予的权限。

    6. 选择创建策略。

  3. 创建 IAM 用户并附加适用于 Amazon IoT Greengrass 的 IDT 所需的权限。

    1. 创建 IAM 用户。按照 IAM 用户指南的创建 IAM 用户（控制台）中的步骤 1 到 5 操作。

    2. 将权限附加到您的 IAM 用户：

      1. 在 Set permissions (设置权限) 页面上，选择 Attach existing policies to user directly (直接附加现有策略到用户)。

      2. 搜索您在上一步中创建的 IDTGreengrassIAMPermissions 策略。选中复选框。

    3. 选择下一步：标签。

    4. 选择 Next: Review (下一步：审核) 以查看您的选择摘要。

    5. 选择创建用户。

    6. 要查看用户的访问密钥（访问密钥 ID 和秘密访问密钥），请选择密码和访问密钥旁边的 Show (显示)。要保存访问密钥，请选择Download.csv (下载 .csv)，然后将文件保存到安全位置。稍后您可以使用此信息配置 Amazon 凭证文件。

  4. 下一步：配置物理设备。

  1. 在您的计算机上，安装并配置 Amazon CLI（如果尚未安装）。按照《Amazon Command Line Interface 用户指南》中安装 Amazon CLI 的步骤来操作。

    注意

    Amazon CLI 是一个开源工具，您可以使用此工具通过命令行 Shell 与 Amazon 服务进行交互。

  2. 创建用于授予管理 IDT 和 Amazon IoT Greengrass 角色的权限的客户托管策略。

    1. 如果您未使用 PreInstalled，请打开文本编辑器并将以下策略内容保存到 JSON 文件中。如果您正在使用 PreInstalled，请继续执行以下步骤。

      {
    "Version":"2012-10-17",
    "Statement":[
    {
      "Sid":"passRoleForResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":"iam:PassRole",
      "Resource":"arn:aws:iam::*:role/idt-*",
      "Condition":{
        "StringEquals":{
          "iam:PassedToService":[
            "iot.amazonaws.com",
            "lambda.amazonaws.com",
            "greengrass.amazonaws.com"
          ]
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "Sid":"lambdaResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "lambda:CreateFunction",
        "lambda:PublishVersion",
        "lambda:DeleteFunction",
        "lambda:GetFunction"
      ],
      "Resource":[
        "arn:aws:lambda:*:*:function:idt-*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid":"iotResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "iot:CreateThing",
        "iot:DeleteThing",
        "iot:DescribeThing",
        "iot:CreateThingGroup",
        "iot:DeleteThingGroup",
        "iot:DescribeThingGroup",
        "iot:AddThingToThingGroup",
        "iot:RemoveThingFromThingGroup",
        "iot:AttachThingPrincipal",
        "iot:DetachThingPrincipal",
        "iot:UpdateCertificate",
        "iot:DeleteCertificate",
        "iot:CreatePolicy",
        "iot:AttachPolicy",
        "iot:DetachPolicy",
        "iot:DeletePolicy",
        "iot:GetPolicy",
        "iot:Publish",
        "iot:TagResource",
        "iot:ListThingPrincipals",
        "iot:ListAttachedPolicies",
        "iot:ListTargetsForPolicy",
        "iot:ListThingGroupsForThing",
        "iot:ListThingsInThingGroup",
        "iot:CreateJob",
        "iot:DescribeJob",
        "iot:DescribeJobExecution",
        "iot:CancelJob"
      ],
      "Resource":[
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:thing/idt-*",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:thinggroup/idt-*",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:policy/idt-*",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:cert/*",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:topic/idt-*",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:job/*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid":"s3Resources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "s3:GetObject",
        "s3:PutObject",
        "s3:DeleteObjectVersion",
        "s3:DeleteObject",
        "s3:CreateBucket",
        "s3:ListBucket",
        "s3:ListBucketVersions",
        "s3:DeleteBucket",
        "s3:PutObjectTagging",
        "s3:PutBucketTagging"
      ],
      "Resource":"arn:aws:s3::*:idt-*"
    },
    {
      "Sid":"roleAliasResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "iot:CreateRoleAlias",
        "iot:DescribeRoleAlias",
        "iot:DeleteRoleAlias",
        "iot:TagResource",
        "iam:GetRole"
      ],
      "Resource":[
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:rolealias/idt-*",
        "arn:aws:iam::*:role/idt-*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid":"idtExecuteAndCollectMetrics",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "iot-device-tester:SendMetrics",
        "iot-device-tester:SupportedVersion",
        "iot-device-tester:LatestIdt",
        "iot-device-tester:CheckVersion",
        "iot-device-tester:DownloadTestSuite"
      ],
      "Resource":"*"
    },
    {
      "Sid":"genericResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "greengrass:*",
        "iot:GetThingShadow",
        "iot:UpdateThingShadow",
        "iot:ListThings",
        "iot:DescribeEndpoint",
        "iot:CreateKeysAndCertificate"
      ],
      "Resource":"*"
    },
    {
      "Sid":"iamResourcesUpdate",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "iam:CreateRole",
        "iam:DeleteRole",
        "iam:CreatePolicy",
        "iam:DeletePolicy",
        "iam:AttachRolePolicy",
        "iam:DetachRolePolicy",
        "iam:TagRole",
        "iam:TagPolicy",
        "iam:GetPolicy",
        "iam:ListAttachedRolePolicies",
        "iam:ListEntitiesForPolicy"
      ],
      "Resource":[
        "arn:aws:iam::*:role/idt-*",
        "arn:aws:iam::*:policy/idt-*"
      ]
    }
  ]
}

    2. 如果您正在使用 PreInstalled，请打开文本编辑器并将以下策略内容保存到 JSON 文件中。确保你：

      • 在被测设备 (DUT) 上安装 Greengrass 期间创建的iotResources语句中替换 ThingNam e 和 ThingGro up 以添加权限。

      • 将语句和语句中的 roleAliasResourcesPass Role 和 roleAlias 替换passRoleForResources为在 DUT 上安装 Greengrass 期间创建的角色。

      {
    "Version":"2012-10-17",
    "Statement":[
    {
      "Sid":"passRoleForResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":"iam:PassRole",
      "Resource":"arn:aws:iam::*:role/passRole",
      "Condition":{
        "StringEquals":{
          "iam:PassedToService":[
            "iot.amazonaws.com",
            "lambda.amazonaws.com",
            "greengrass.amazonaws.com"
          ]
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "Sid":"lambdaResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "lambda:CreateFunction",
        "lambda:PublishVersion",
        "lambda:DeleteFunction",
        "lambda:GetFunction"
      ],
      "Resource":[
        "arn:aws:lambda:*:*:function:idt-*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid":"iotResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "iot:CreateThing",
        "iot:DeleteThing",
        "iot:DescribeThing",
        "iot:CreateThingGroup",
        "iot:DeleteThingGroup",
        "iot:DescribeThingGroup",
        "iot:AddThingToThingGroup",
        "iot:RemoveThingFromThingGroup",
        "iot:AttachThingPrincipal",
        "iot:DetachThingPrincipal",
        "iot:UpdateCertificate",
        "iot:DeleteCertificate",
        "iot:CreatePolicy",
        "iot:AttachPolicy",
        "iot:DetachPolicy",
        "iot:DeletePolicy",
        "iot:GetPolicy",
        "iot:Publish",
        "iot:TagResource",
        "iot:ListThingPrincipals",
        "iot:ListAttachedPolicies",
        "iot:ListTargetsForPolicy",
        "iot:ListThingGroupsForThing",
        "iot:ListThingsInThingGroup",
        "iot:CreateJob",
        "iot:DescribeJob",
        "iot:DescribeJobExecution",
        "iot:CancelJob"
      ],
      "Resource":[
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:thing/thingName",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:thinggroup/thingGroup",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:policy/idt-*",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:cert/*",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:topic/idt-*",
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:job/*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid":"s3Resources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "s3:GetObject",
        "s3:PutObject",
        "s3:DeleteObjectVersion",
        "s3:DeleteObject",
        "s3:CreateBucket",
        "s3:ListBucket",
        "s3:ListBucketVersions",
        "s3:DeleteBucket",
        "s3:PutObjectTagging",
        "s3:PutBucketTagging"
      ],
      "Resource":"arn:aws:s3::*:idt-*"
    },
    {
      "Sid":"roleAliasResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "iot:CreateRoleAlias",
        "iot:DescribeRoleAlias",
        "iot:DeleteRoleAlias",
        "iot:TagResource",
        "iam:GetRole"
      ],
      "Resource":[
        "arn:aws:iot:*:*:rolealias/roleAlias",
        "arn:aws:iam::*:role/idt-*"
      ]
    },
    {
      "Sid":"idtExecuteAndCollectMetrics",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "iot-device-tester:SendMetrics",
        "iot-device-tester:SupportedVersion",
        "iot-device-tester:LatestIdt",
        "iot-device-tester:CheckVersion",
        "iot-device-tester:DownloadTestSuite"
      ],
      "Resource":"*"
    },
    {
      "Sid":"genericResources",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "greengrass:*",
        "iot:GetThingShadow",
        "iot:UpdateThingShadow",
        "iot:ListThings",
        "iot:DescribeEndpoint",
        "iot:CreateKeysAndCertificate"
      ],
      "Resource":"*"
    },
    {
      "Sid":"iamResourcesUpdate",
      "Effect":"Allow",
      "Action":[
        "iam:CreateRole",
        "iam:DeleteRole",
        "iam:CreatePolicy",
        "iam:DeletePolicy",
        "iam:AttachRolePolicy",
        "iam:DetachRolePolicy",
        "iam:TagRole",
        "iam:TagPolicy",
        "iam:GetPolicy",
        "iam:ListAttachedRolePolicies",
        "iam:ListEntitiesForPolicy"
      ],
      "Resource":[
        "arn:aws:iam::*:role/idt-*",
        "arn:aws:iam::*:policy/idt-*"
      ]
    }
  ]
}
      注意

      如果您想使用自定义 IAM 角色作为受测设备的令牌交换角色，请务必更新策略中的roleAliasResources声明和passRoleForResources声明以允许您的自定义 IAM 角色资源。

    3. 运行以下命令创建名为的客户托管策略IDTGreengrassIAMPermissions。policy.json替换为您在上一步中创建的 JSON 文件的完整路径。

      aws iam create-policy --policy-name IDTGreengrassIAMPermissions --policy-document file://policy.json

  3. 创建 IAM 用户并附加适用于 Amazon IoT Greengrass 的 IDT 所需的权限。

    1. 创建 IAM 用户。在此示例设置中，用户被命名为 IDTGreengrassUser。

      aws iam create-user --user-name IDTGreengrassUser

    2. 将您在步骤 2 中创建的 IDTGreengrassIAMPermissions 策略附加到您的 IAM 用户。将命令中的 <account-id> 替换为您的 Amazon Web Services 账户 ID。

      aws iam attach-user-policy --user-name IDTGreengrassUser --policy-arn arn:aws:iam::<account-id>:policy/IDTGreengrassIAMPermissions

  4. 为用户创建私密访问密钥。

    aws iam create-access-key --user-name IDTGreengrassUser

    将输出存储在安全位置。稍后您可以使用此信息配置 Amazon 凭证文件。

  5. 下一步：配置物理设备。

Amazon IoT Device Tester 权限

以下策略描述了Amazon IoT Device Tester权限。

Amazon IoT Device Tester版本检查和自动更新功能需要这些权限。

  • iot-device-tester:SupportedVersion

    授予 Amazon IoT Device Tester 获取受支持产品、测试套件和 IDT 版本列表的权限。

  • iot-device-tester:LatestIdt

    授予 Amazon IoT Device Tester 获取可供下载的最新 IDT 版本的权限。

  • iot-device-tester:CheckVersion

    授予 Amazon IoT Device Tester 检查 IDT、测试套件和产品的版本兼容性的权限。

  • iot-device-tester:DownloadTestSuite

    授Amazon IoT Device Tester予下载测试套件更新的权限。

Amazon IoT Device Tester还使用以下权限来报告可选指标：

  • iot-device-tester:SendMetrics

    授Amazon予收集Amazon IoT Device Tester内部使用情况指标的权限。如果省略此权限，则不会收集这些指标。