Python Lambda 函数日志记录和监控

打开 CloudWatch 控制台的 Log groups（日志组页面）。

选择您的函数 (/aws/lambda/your-function-name) 的日志组。

创建日志流。

使用 Hello World Python 模板初始化该应用程序。

sam init --app-template hello-world-powertools-python --name sam-app --package-type Zip --runtime python3.9 --no-tracing

构建应用程序。

cd sam-app && sam build

部署应用程序。

sam deploy --guided

按照屏幕上的提示操作。要在交互式体验中接受提供的默认选项，请按 Enter。

获取已部署应用程序的 URL：

aws cloudformation describe-stacks --stack-name sam-app --query 'Stacks[0].Outputs[?OutputKey==`HelloWorldApi`].OutputValue' --output text

调用 API 端点：

curl GET <URL_FROM_PREVIOUS_STEP>

如果成功，您将会看到如下响应：

{"message":"hello world"}

要获取该函数的日志，请运行 sam logs。有关更多信息，请参阅《Amazon Serverless Application Model 开发人员指南》中的 使用日志。

sam logs --stack-name sam-app

该日志输出类似于以下示例：

2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:50.371000 INIT_START Runtime Version: python:3.9.v16    Runtime Version ARN: arn:aws:lambda:us-east-1::runtime:07a48df201798d627f2b950f03bb227aab4a655a1d019c3296406f95937e2525
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.112000 START RequestId: d455cfc4-7704-46df-901b-2a5cce9405be Version: $LATEST
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.114000 {
  "level": "INFO",
  "location": "hello:23",
  "message": "Hello world API - HTTP 200",
  "timestamp": "2023-02-03 14:59:51,113+0000",
  "service": "PowertoolsHelloWorld",
  "cold_start": true,
  "function_name": "sam-app-HelloWorldFunction-YBg8yfYtOc9j",
  "function_memory_size": "128",
  "function_arn": "arn:aws:lambda:us-east-1:111122223333:function:sam-app-HelloWorldFunction-YBg8yfYtOc9j",
  "function_request_id": "d455cfc4-7704-46df-901b-2a5cce9405be",
  "correlation_id": "e73f8aef-5e07-436e-a30b-63e4b23f0047",
  "xray_trace_id": "1-63dd2166-434a12c22e1307ff2114f299"
}
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.126000 {
  "_aws": {
    "Timestamp": 1675436391126,
    "CloudWatchMetrics": [
      {
        "Namespace": "Powertools",
        "Dimensions": [
          [
            "function_name",
            "service"
          ]
        ],
        "Metrics": [
          {
            "Name": "ColdStart",
            "Unit": "Count"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "function_name": "sam-app-HelloWorldFunction-YBg8yfYtOc9j",
  "service": "PowertoolsHelloWorld",
  "ColdStart": [
    1.0
  ]
}
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.126000 {
  "_aws": {
    "Timestamp": 1675436391126,
    "CloudWatchMetrics": [
      {
        "Namespace": "Powertools",
        "Dimensions": [
          [
            "service"
          ]
        ],
        "Metrics": [
          {
            "Name": "HelloWorldInvocations",
            "Unit": "Count"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "service": "PowertoolsHelloWorld",
  "HelloWorldInvocations": [
    1.0
  ]
}
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.128000 END RequestId: d455cfc4-7704-46df-901b-2a5cce9405be
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.128000 REPORT RequestId: d455cfc4-7704-46df-901b-2a5cce9405be    Duration: 16.33 ms    Billed Duration: 17 ms    Memory Size: 128 MB    Max Memory Used: 64 MB    Init Duration: 739.46 ms    
XRAY TraceId: 1-63dd2166-434a12c22e1307ff2114f299    SegmentId: 3c5d18d735a1ced0    Sampled: true

这是一个可以通过互联网访问的公有 API 端点。我们建议您在测试后删除该端点。

sam delete

为您的新应用程序创建一个项目目录。

mkdir hello-world
cd hello-world

初始化该应用程序。

cdk init app --language python

安装 Python 依赖项。

pip install -r requirements.txt

在根文件夹下创建目录 lambda_function。

mkdir lambda_function
cd lambda_function

创建文件 app.py 并将以下代码添加到该文件中。这是适用于 Lambda 函数的代码。

from aws_lambda_powertools.event_handler import APIGatewayRestResolver
from aws_lambda_powertools.utilities.typing import LambdaContext
from aws_lambda_powertools.logging import correlation_paths
from aws_lambda_powertools import Logger
from aws_lambda_powertools import Tracer
from aws_lambda_powertools import Metrics
from aws_lambda_powertools.metrics import MetricUnit

app = APIGatewayRestResolver()
tracer = Tracer()
logger = Logger()
metrics = Metrics(namespace="PowertoolsSample")

@app.get("/hello")
@tracer.capture_method
def hello():
    # adding custom metrics
    # See: https://docs.powertools.aws.dev/lambda-python/latest/core/metrics/
    metrics.add_metric(name="HelloWorldInvocations", unit=MetricUnit.Count, value=1)

    # structured log
    # See: https://docs.powertools.aws.dev/lambda-python/latest/core/logger/
    logger.info("Hello world API - HTTP 200")
    return {"message": "hello world"}

# Enrich logging with contextual information from Lambda
@logger.inject_lambda_context(correlation_id_path=correlation_paths.API_GATEWAY_REST)
# Adding tracer
# See: https://docs.powertools.aws.dev/lambda-python/latest/core/tracer/
@tracer.capture_lambda_handler
# ensures metrics are flushed upon request completion/failure and capturing ColdStart metric
@metrics.log_metrics(capture_cold_start_metric=True)
def lambda_handler(event: dict, context: LambdaContext) -> dict:
    return app.resolve(event, context)

打开 hello_world 目录。您应该会看到一个名为 hello_world_stack.py 的文件。

cd ..
cd hello_world

打开 hello_world_stack.py，然后将以下代码添加到该文件中。其中包含 Lambda 构造函数，该构造函数可创建 Lambda 函数，为 Powertools 配置环境变量并将日志保留期设置为一周；还包含 ApiGatewayv1 构造函数，用于创建 REST API。

from aws_cdk import (
    Stack,
    aws_apigateway as apigwv1,
    aws_lambda as lambda_,
    CfnOutput,
    Duration
)
from constructs import Construct

class HelloWorldStack(Stack):

    def __init__(self, scope: Construct, construct_id: str, **kwargs) -> None:
        super().__init__(scope, construct_id, **kwargs)

        # Powertools Lambda Layer
        powertools_layer = lambda_.LayerVersion.from_layer_version_arn(
            self,
            id="lambda-powertools",
            # At the moment we wrote this example, the aws_lambda_python_alpha CDK constructor is in Alpha, o we use layer to make the example simpler
            # See https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cdk/api/v2/python/aws_cdk.aws_lambda_python_alpha/README.html
            # Check all Powertools layers versions here: https://docs.powertools.aws.dev/lambda-python/latest/#lambda-layer
            layer_version_arn=f"arn:aws:lambda:{self.region}:017000801446:layer:AWSLambdaPowertoolsPythonV2:21"
        )

        function = lambda_.Function(self,
            'sample-app-lambda',
            runtime=lambda_.Runtime.PYTHON_3_9,
            layers=[powertools_layer],
            code = lambda_.Code.from_asset("./lambda_function/"),
            handler="app.lambda_handler",
            memory_size=128,
            timeout=Duration.seconds(3),
            architecture=lambda_.Architecture.X86_64,
            environment={
                "POWERTOOLS_SERVICE_NAME": "PowertoolsHelloWorld",
                "POWERTOOLS_METRICS_NAMESPACE": "PowertoolsSample",
                "LOG_LEVEL": "INFO"
            }
        )

        apigw = apigwv1.RestApi(self, "PowertoolsAPI", deploy_options=apigwv1.StageOptions(stage_name="dev"))

        hello_api = apigw.root.add_resource("hello")
        hello_api.add_method("GET", apigwv1.LambdaIntegration(function, proxy=True))

        CfnOutput(self, "apiUrl", value=f"{apigw.url}hello")

部署您的应用程序。

cd ..
cdk deploy

获取已部署应用程序的 URL：

aws cloudformation describe-stacks --stack-name HelloWorldStack --query 'Stacks[0].Outputs[?OutputKey==`apiUrl`].OutputValue' --output text

调用 API 端点：

curl GET <URL_FROM_PREVIOUS_STEP>

如果成功，您将会看到如下响应：

{"message":"hello world"}

要获取该函数的日志，请运行 sam logs。有关更多信息，请参阅《Amazon Serverless Application Model 开发人员指南》中的 使用日志。

sam logs --stack-name HelloWorldStack

该日志输出类似于以下示例：

2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:50.371000 INIT_START Runtime Version: python:3.9.v16    Runtime Version ARN: arn:aws:lambda:us-east-1::runtime:07a48df201798d627f2b950f03bb227aab4a655a1d019c3296406f95937e2525
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.112000 START RequestId: d455cfc4-7704-46df-901b-2a5cce9405be Version: $LATEST
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.114000 {
  "level": "INFO",
  "location": "hello:23",
    "message": "Hello world API - HTTP 200",
  "timestamp": "2023-02-03 14:59:51,113+0000",
  "service": "PowertoolsHelloWorld",
  "cold_start": true,
  "function_name": "sam-app-HelloWorldFunction-YBg8yfYtOc9j",
  "function_memory_size": "128",
  "function_arn": "arn:aws:lambda:us-east-1:111122223333:function:sam-app-HelloWorldFunction-YBg8yfYtOc9j",
  "function_request_id": "d455cfc4-7704-46df-901b-2a5cce9405be",
  "correlation_id": "e73f8aef-5e07-436e-a30b-63e4b23f0047",
  "xray_trace_id": "1-63dd2166-434a12c22e1307ff2114f299"
}
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.126000 {
  "_aws": {
    "Timestamp": 1675436391126,
    "CloudWatchMetrics": [
      {
        "Namespace": "Powertools",
        "Dimensions": [
          [
            "function_name",
            "service"
          ]
        ],
        "Metrics": [
          {
            "Name": "ColdStart",
            "Unit": "Count"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "function_name": "sam-app-HelloWorldFunction-YBg8yfYtOc9j",
  "service": "PowertoolsHelloWorld",
  "ColdStart": [
    1.0
  ]
}
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.126000 {
  "_aws": {
    "Timestamp": 1675436391126,
    "CloudWatchMetrics": [
      {
        "Namespace": "Powertools",
        "Dimensions": [
          [
            "service"
          ]
        ],
        "Metrics": [
          {
            "Name": "HelloWorldInvocations",
            "Unit": "Count"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "service": "PowertoolsHelloWorld",
  "HelloWorldInvocations": [
    1.0
  ]
}
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.128000 END RequestId: d455cfc4-7704-46df-901b-2a5cce9405be
2023/02/03/[$LATEST]ea9a64ec87294bf6bbc9026c05a01e04 2023-02-03T14:59:51.128000 REPORT RequestId: d455cfc4-7704-46df-901b-2a5cce9405be    Duration: 16.33 ms    Billed Duration: 17 ms    Memory Size: 128 MB    Max Memory Used: 64 MB    Init Duration: 739.46 ms    
XRAY TraceId: 1-63dd2166-434a12c22e1307ff2114f299    SegmentId: 3c5d18d735a1ced0    Sampled: true

这是一个可以通过互联网访问的公有 API 端点。我们建议您在测试后删除该端点。

cdk destroy