Amazon Timestream 查看 LiveAnalytics 基于身份的策略示例 - Amazon Timestream
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Amazon Timestream 查看 LiveAnalytics 基于身份的策略示例

默认情况下,IAM 用户和角色无权为 LiveAnalytics 资源创建或修改 Timestream。他们也无法使用 Amazon Web Services Management Console、CQLSH 或 Amazon API 执行任务。 Amazon CLI IAM 管理员必须创建 IAM 策略,以便为用户和角色授予权限以对所需的指定资源执行特定的 API 操作。然后,管理员必须将这些策略附加到需要这些权限的 IAM 用户或组。

要了解如何使用这些示例 JSON 策略文档创建 IAM 基于身份的策略,请参阅《IAM 用户指南》中的 在 JSON 选项卡上创建策略

策略最佳实践

基于身份的策略决定了某人是否可以创建、访问或删除您账户中的 LiveAnalytics 资源的 Timestream。这些操作可能会使 Amazon Web Services 账户产生成本。创建或编辑基于身份的策略时,请遵循以下指南和建议:

  • 开始使用 Amazon 托管策略并转向最低权限权限 — 要开始向用户和工作负载授予权限,请使用为许多常见用例授予权限的Amazon 托管策略。它们在你的版本中可用 Amazon Web Services 账户。我们建议您通过定义针对您的用例的 Amazon 客户托管策略来进一步减少权限。有关更多信息,请参阅《IAM 用户指南》中的 Amazon 托管式策略工作职能的Amazon 托管式策略

  • 应用最低权限:在使用 IAM 策略设置权限时,请仅授予执行任务所需的权限。为此,您可以定义在特定条件下可以对特定资源执行的操作,也称为最低权限许可。有关使用 IAM 应用权限的更多信息,请参阅《IAM 用户指南》中的 IAM 中的策略和权限

  • 使用 IAM 策略中的条件进一步限制访问权限:您可以向策略添加条件来限制对操作和资源的访问。例如,您可以编写策略条件来指定必须使用 SSL 发送所有请求。如果服务操作是通过特定的方式使用的,则也可以使用条件来授予对服务操作的访问权限 Amazon Web Services 服务,例如 Amazon CloudFormation。有关更多信息,请参阅《IAM 用户指南》中的 IAM JSON 策略元素:条件

  • 使用 IAM Access Analyzer 验证您的 IAM 策略,以确保权限的安全性和功能性 – IAM Access Analyzer 会验证新策略和现有策略,以确保策略符合 IAM 策略语言(JSON)和 IAM 最佳实践。IAM Access Analyzer 提供 100 多项策略检查和可操作的建议,以帮助您制定安全且功能性强的策略。有关更多信息,请参阅《IAM 用户指南》中的使用 IAM Access Analyzer 验证策略

  • 需要多重身份验证 (MFA)-如果 Amazon Web Services 账户您的场景需要 IAM 用户或根用户,请启用 MFA 以提高安全性。若要在调用 API 操作时需要 MFA,请将 MFA 条件添加到您的策略中。有关更多信息,请参阅《IAM 用户指南》中的使用 MFA 保护 API 访问

有关 IAM 中的最佳实操的更多信息,请参阅《IAM 用户指南》中的 IAM 中的安全最佳实践

使用控制台的 Timestrea LiveAnalytics m

Timestream LiveAnalytics 版不需要特定权限即可访问适用于控制台的 Amazon Timestream LiveAnalytics 。您至少需要具有只读权限才能列出和查看有关您 Amazon 账户中 LiveAnalytics 资源的时间流的详细信息。如果您创建的基于身份的策略比所需的最低权限更严格,则无法为具有该策略的实体(IAM 用户或角色)正常运行控制台。

允许用户查看他们自己的权限

该示例说明了您如何创建策略,以允许 IAM 用户查看附加到其用户身份的内联和托管式策略。此策略包括在控制台上或使用 Amazon CLI 或 Amazon API 以编程方式完成此操作的权限。

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Sid": "ViewOwnUserInfo", "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "iam:GetUserPolicy", "iam:ListGroupsForUser", "iam:ListAttachedUserPolicies", "iam:ListUserPolicies", "iam:GetUser" ], "Resource": ["arn:aws:iam::*:user/${aws:username}"] }, { "Sid": "NavigateInConsole", "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "iam:GetGroupPolicy", "iam:GetPolicyVersion", "iam:GetPolicy", "iam:ListAttachedGroupPolicies", "iam:ListGroupPolicies", "iam:ListPolicyVersions", "iam:ListPolicies", "iam:ListUsers" ], "Resource": "*" } ] }

Timestream 中的常见操作 LiveAnalytics

以下是允许在 Timestream 中进行常见操作的 IAM 策略示例 LiveAnalytics。

允许所有操作

以下是允许在 Timestream 中进行所有操作的示例策略。 LiveAnalytics

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "timestream:*" ], "Resource": "*" } ] }

允许选择操作

以下示例策略允许对特定资源进行样SELECT式查询。

注意

<account_ID>用您的亚马逊账户编号替换。

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "timestream:Select", "timestream:DescribeTable", "timestream:ListMeasures" ], "Resource": "arn:aws:timestream:us-east-1:<account_ID>:database/sampleDB/table/DevOps" }, { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "timestream:DescribeEndpoints", "timestream:SelectValues", "timestream:CancelQuery" ], "Resource": "*" } ] }

允许对多个资源进行 SELECT 操作

以下示例策略允许对多个资源进行样SELECT式查询。

注意

<account_ID>用您的亚马逊账户编号替换。

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "timestream:Select", "timestream:DescribeTable", "timestream:ListMeasures" ], "Resource": [ "arn:aws:timestream:us-east-1:<account_ID>:database/sampleDB/table/DevOps", "arn:aws:timestream:us-east-1:<account_ID>:database/sampleDB/table/DevOps1", "arn:aws:timestream:us-east-1:<account_ID>:database/sampleDB/table/DevOps2" ] }, { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "timestream:DescribeEndpoints", "timestream:SelectValues", "timestream:CancelQuery" ], "Resource": "*" } ] }

允许元数据操作

以下示例策略允许用户执行元数据查询,但不允许用户执行在 Timestream 中读取或写入实际数据的操作。 LiveAnalytics

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "timestream:DescribeEndpoints", "timestream:DescribeTable", "timestream:ListMeasures", "timestream:SelectValues", "timestream:ListTables", "timestream:ListDatabases", "timestream:CancelQuery" ], "Resource": "*" } ] }

允许 INSERT 操作

以下示例策略允许用户对账户database/sampleDB/table/DevOps内执行INSERT操作<account_id>

注意

<account_ID>用您的亚马逊账户编号替换。

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Action": [ "timestream:WriteRecords" ], "Resource": [ "arn:aws:timestream:us-east-1:<account_id>:database/sampleDB/table/DevOps" ], "Effect": "Allow" }, { "Action": [ "timestream:DescribeEndpoints" ], "Resource": "*", "Effect": "Allow" } ] }

允许 CRUD 操作

以下示例策略允许用户在 Timestream 中为执行 CRUD 操作。 LiveAnalytics

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "timestream:DescribeEndpoints", "timestream:CreateTable", "timestream:DescribeTable", "timestream:CreateDatabase", "timestream:DescribeDatabase", "timestream:ListTables", "timestream:ListDatabases", "timestream:DeleteTable", "timestream:DeleteDatabase", "timestream:UpdateTable", "timestream:UpdateDatabase" ], "Resource": "*" } ] }

取消查询并在不指定资源的情况下选择数据

以下示例策略允许用户取消查询并对不需要指定资源的数据执行Select查询:

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "timestream:SelectValues", "timestream:CancelQuery" ], "Resource": "*" } ] }

创建、描述、删除和描述数据库

以下示例策略允许用户创建、描述、删除和描述数据库sampleDB

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "timestream:CreateDatabase", "timestream:DescribeDatabase", "timestream:DeleteDatabase", "timestream:UpdateDatabase" ], "Resource": "arn:aws:timestream:us-east-1:<account_ID>:database/sampleDB" } ] }

按标签限制列出的数据库 {"Owner": "${username}"}

以下示例策略允许用户列出所有使用键值对标记的数据库{"Owner": "${username}"}

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "timestream:ListDatabases" ], "Resource": "arn:aws:timestream:us-east-1:<account_ID>:database/*", "Condition": { "StringEquals": { "aws:ResourceTag/Owner": "${aws:username}" } } } ] }

列出数据库中的所有表

以下示例策略用于列出数据库中的所有表sampleDB

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "timestream:ListTables" ], "Resource": "arn:aws:timestream:us-east-1:<account_ID>:database/sampleDB/" } ] }

在表格上创建、描述、删除、更新和选择

以下示例策略允许用户创建表、描述表、删除表、更新表以及对数据库DevOps中的表执行Select查询sampleDB

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "timestream:CreateTable", "timestream:DescribeTable", "timestream:DeleteTable", "timestream:UpdateTable", "timestream:Select" ], "Resource": "arn:aws:timestream:us-east-1:<account_ID>:database/sampleDB/table/DevOps" } ] }

按表限制查询

以下示例策略允许用户查询除DevOps数据库之外的所有表sampleDB

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "timestream:Select" ], "Resource": "arn:aws:timestream:us-east-1:<account_ID>:database/sampleDB/table/*" }, { "Effect": "Deny", "Action": [ "timestream:Select" ], "Resource": "arn:aws:timestream:us-east-1:<account_ID>:database/sampleDB/table/DevOps" } ] }

基于标签的 LiveAnalytics 资源访问时间流

您可以使用基于身份的策略中的条件来控制基于标签的 LiveAnalytics 资源对 Timestream 的访问权限。本章节提供了一些示例。

以下示例说明如何创建一个策略,该策略授予用户查看表的权限(如果表的 Owner 包含该用户的用户名的值)。

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Sid": "ReadOnlyAccessTaggedTables", "Effect": "Allow", "Action": "timestream:Select", "Resource": "arn:aws:timestream:us-east-2:111122223333:database/mydatabase/table/*", "Condition": { "StringEquals": { "aws:ResourceTag/Owner": "${aws:username}" } } } ] }

您可以将该策略附加到您账户中的 IAM 用户。如果名为的用户richard-roe尝试查看 LiveAnalytics 表的时间流,则必须对该表进行标记Owner=richard-roeowner=richard-roe。否则,他将被拒绝访问。条件标签键 Owner 匹配 Ownerowner,因为条件键名称不区分大小写。有关更多信息,请参阅 IAM 用户指南 中的 IAM JSON 策略元素:条件

如果请求中传递的标签具有键Owner和值,则以下策略向用户授予创建带有标签的表的权限username

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Sid": "CreateTagTableUser", "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "timestream:Create", "timestream:TagResource" ], "Resource": "arn:aws:timestream:us-east-2:111122223333:database/mydatabase/table/*", "Condition": { "ForAnyValue:StringEquals": { "aws:RequestTag/Owner": "${aws:username}" } } } ] }

以下政策允许在env标签设置为dev或的任何数据库上使用DescribeDatabase该 APItest

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Sid": "AllowDescribeEndpoints", "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "timestream:DescribeEndpoints" ], "Resource": "*" }, { "Sid": "AllowDevTestAccess", "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "timestream:DescribeDatabase" ], "Resource": "*", "Condition": { "StringEquals": { "timestream:tag/env": [ "dev", "test" ] } } } ] } { "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Sid": "AllowTagAccessForDevResources", "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "timestream:TagResource" ], "Resource": "*", "Condition": { "StringEquals": { "aws:RequestTag/env": [ "test", "dev" ] } } } ] }

此策略使用Condition密钥来允许将密钥env且值为testqa、或dev的标签添加到资源中。

计划查询

列出、删除、更新、执行 ScheduledQuery

以下示例策略允许用户列出、删除、更新和执行计划查询。

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "timestream:DeleteScheduledQuery", "timestream:ExecuteScheduledQuery", "timestream:UpdateScheduledQuery", "timestream:ListScheduledQueries", "timestream:DescribeEndpoints" ], "Resource": "*" } ] }

CreateScheduledQuery 使用客户管理的 KMS 密钥

以下示例策略允许用户创建使用客户托管的 KMS 密钥加密的计划查询; <keyid for ScheduledQuery>

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Action": [ "iam:PassRole" ], "Resource": [ "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/ScheduledQueryExecutionRole" ], "Effect": "Allow" }, { "Action": [ "timestream:CreateScheduledQuery", "timestream:DescribeEndpoints" ], "Resource": "*", "Effect": "Allow" }, { "Action": [ "kms:DescribeKey", "kms:GenerateDataKey" ], "Resource": "arn:aws:kms:us-west-2:123456789012:key/<keyid for ScheduledQuery>", "Effect": "Allow" } ] }

DescribeScheduledQuery 使用客户管理的 KMS 密钥

以下示例策略允许用户描述使用客户托管的 KMS 密钥创建的计划查询; <keyid for ScheduledQuery>

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Action": [ "timestream:DescribeScheduledQuery", "timestream:DescribeEndpoints" ], "Resource": "*", "Effect": "Allow" }, { "Action": [ "kms:Decrypt" ], "Resource": "arn:aws:kms:us-west-2:123456789012:key/<keyid for ScheduledQuery>", "Effect": "Allow" } ] }

执行角色权限(使用客户托管的 KMS 密钥进行计划查询,使用SSE-KMS进行错误报告)

将以下示例策略附加到 CreateScheduledQuery API ScheduledQueryExecutionRoleArn 参数中指定的 IAM 角色,该角色使用客户托管的 KMS 密钥进行计划查询SSE-KMS加密和错误报告加密。

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Action": [ "kms:GenerateDataKey", ], "Resource": "arn:aws:kms:us-west-2:123456789012:key/<keyid for ScheduledQuery>", "Effect": "Allow" }, { "Action": [ "kms:Decrypt" ], "Resource": [ "arn:aws:kms:us-west-2:123456789012:key/<keyid for database-1>", "arn:aws:kms:us-west-2:123456789012:key/<keyid for database-n>", "arn:aws:kms:us-west-2:123456789012:key/<keyid for ScheduledQuery>" ], "Effect": "Allow" }, { "Action": [ "sns:Publish" ], "Resource": [ "arn:aws:sns:us-west-2:123456789012:scheduled-query-notification-topic-*" ], "Effect": "Allow" }, { "Action": [ "timestream:Select", "timestream:SelectValues", "timestream:WriteRecords" ], "Resource": "*", "Effect": "Allow" }, { "Action": [ "s3:PutObject", "s3:GetBucketAcl" ], "Resource": [ "arn:aws:s3:::scheduled-query-error-bucket", "arn:aws:s3:::scheduled-query-error-bucket/*" ], "Effect": "Allow" } ] }

执行角色信任关系

以下是 CreateScheduledQuery API ScheduledQueryExecutionRoleArn 参数中指定的 IAM 角色的信任关系。

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Principal": { "Service": [ "timestream.amazonaws.com" ] }, "Action": "sts:AssumeRole" } ] }

允许访问在账户中创建的所有计划查询

将以下示例策略附加到 CreateScheduledQuery API ScheduledQueryExecutionRoleArn 参数中指定的 IAM 角色,以允许访问在账户中创建的所有计划查询Account_ID

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Principal": { "Service": "timestream.amazonaws.com" }, "Action": "sts:AssumeRole", "Condition": { "StringEquals": { "aws:SourceAccount": "Account_ID" }, "ArnLike": { "aws:SourceArn": "arn:aws:timestream:us-west-2:Account_ID:scheduled-query/*" } } } ] }

允许访问所有具有特定名称的计划查询

将以下示例策略附加到 CreateScheduledQuery API ScheduledQueryExecutionRoleArn 参数中指定的 IAM 角色,以允许访问账户内名称以开头Scheduled_Query_Name的所有计划查询Account_ID

{ "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Principal": { "Service": "timestream.amazonaws.com" }, "Action": "sts:AssumeRole", "Condition": { "StringEquals": { "aws:SourceAccount": "Account_ID" }, "ArnLike": { "aws:SourceArn": "arn:aws:timestream:us-west-2:Account_ID:scheduled-query/Scheduled_Query_Name*" } } } ] }