使用 Amazon CloudTrail 记录 Amazon ECR 操作
Amazon ECR 与 Amazon CloudTrail 集成，后者是一项服务，提供 Amazon ECR 中由用户、角色或 Amazon 服务所采取操作的记录。CloudTrail 将以下 Amazon ECR 操作作为事件捕获：
-
所有 API 调用，包括来自 Amazon ECR 控制台的调用
-
由于存储库上的加密设置而采取的所有操作
-
由于生命周期策略规则而采取的所有操作，包括成功和不成功的操作
重要
由于单个 CloudTrail 事件的大小限制原因，对于有 10 个或以上镜像过期的生命周期策略操作，Amazon ECR 会向 CloudTrail 发送多个事件。此外，Amazon ECR 中每个镜像最多可包含 100 个标签。
创建跟踪时，可以使 CloudTrail 事件持续传送到 Amazon S3 存储桶，包括 Amazon ECR 的事件。如果您不配置跟踪，则仍可在 CloudTrail 控制台的事件历史记录中查看最新事件。使用此信息，您可以确定向 Amazon ECR 发出了什么请求、发出请求的 IP 地址、何人发出的请求、请求的发出时间以及其他详细信息。
有关更多信息，请参阅 Amazon CloudTrail 用户指南。
CloudTrail 中的 Amazon ECR 信息
在您创建 Amazon 账户时，将在该账户上启用 CloudTrail。当 Amazon ECR 中发生活动时，该活动将记录在 CloudTrail 事件中，并与其他 Amazon 服务事件一同保存在事件历史记录中。您可以在 Amazon 账户中查看、搜索和下载最新事件。有关更多信息，请参阅使用 CloudTrail 事件历史记录查看事件。
要持续记录 Amazon 账户中的事件 (包括 Amazon ECR 的事件)，请创建跟踪记录。通过跟踪，CloudTrail 可将日志文件传送至 Amazon S3 桶。在控制台中创建跟踪时，您可以将跟踪应用到单个区域或所有区域。此跟踪在 Amazon 分区中记录所有区域中的事件，并将日志文件传送至您指定的 Amazon S3 存储桶。此外，您可以配置其他 Amazon 服务，分析在 CloudTrail 日志中收集的事件数据并采取行动。有关更多信息，请参阅：
所有 Amazon ECR API 操作都由 CloudTrail 记录，并记录在 Amazon Elastic Container Registry API 参考中。当执行常见任务时，CloudTrail 日志文件会针对该任务中的每个 API 操作生成相应的部分。例如，当创建存储库时，CloudTrail 日志文件中将生成 GetAuthorizationToken、CreateRepository 和 SetRepositoryPolicy 部分。当您将某个镜像推送到存储库中时，则将生成 InitiateLayerUpload、UploadLayerPart、CompleteLayerUpload 和 PutImage 部分。当您提取镜像时，则将生成 GetDownloadUrlForLayer 和 BatchGetImage 部分。有关这些常见任务的示例，请参阅 CloudTrail 日志条目示例。
每个事件或日志条目都包含有关生成请求的人员信息。身份信息可帮助您确定以下内容：
-
请求是使用根用户凭证还是 用户凭证发出的
-
请求是使用角色还是联合身份用户的临时安全凭证发出的
-
请求是否由其它 Amazon 服务发出
有关更多信息，请参阅 CloudTrail userIdentity 元素。
了解 Amazon ECR 日志文件条目
跟踪是一种配置，可用于将事件作为日志文件传送到您指定的 Amazon S3 桶。CloudTrail 日志文件包含一个或多个日志条目。一个事件表示来自任何源的一个请求，包括有关所请求的操作、操作的日期和时间、请求参数和其他信息。CloudTrail 日志文件不是公用 API 调用的有序堆栈跟踪，因此它们不会按任何特定顺序显示。
CloudTrail 日志条目示例
以下是针对一些常见 Amazon ECR 任务的 CloudTrail 日志条目示例
注意
为提高可读性，这些示例已进行格式化处理。在 CloudTrail 日志文件，所有条目和事件都连接成一行。此外，该示例限于一个 Amazon ECR 条目。在实际的 CloudTrail 日志文件中，有来自多个 Amazon 服务的条目和事件。
示例：创建存储库操作
下面的示例显示了一个 CloudTrail 日志条目，该条目说明了 CreateRepository 操作。
{
"eventVersion": "1.04",
"userIdentity": {
"type": "AssumedRole",
"principalId": "AIDACKCEVSQ6C2EXAMPLE:account_name",
"arn": "arn:aws:sts::123456789012:user/Mary_Major",
"accountId": "123456789012",
"accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE",
"sessionContext": {
"attributes": {
"mfaAuthenticated": "false",
"creationDate": "2018-07-11T21:54:07Z"
},
"sessionIssuer": {
"type": "Role",
"principalId": "AIDACKCEVSQ6C2EXAMPLE",
"arn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/Admin",
"accountId": "123456789012",
"userName": "Admin"
}
}
},
"eventTime": "2018-07-11T22:17:43Z",
"eventSource": "ecr.amazonaws.com",
"eventName": "CreateRepository",
"awsRegion": "us-east-2",
"sourceIPAddress": "203.0.113.12",
"userAgent": "console.amazonaws.com",
"requestParameters": {
"repositoryName": "testrepo"
},
"responseElements": {
"repository": {
"repositoryArn": "arn:aws:ecr:us-east-2:123456789012:repository/testrepo",
"repositoryName": "testrepo",
"repositoryUri": "123456789012.dkr.ecr.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/testrepo",
"createdAt": "Jul 11, 2018 10:17:44 PM",
"registryId": "123456789012"
}
},
"requestID": "cb8c167e-EXAMPLE",
"eventID": "e3c6f4ce-EXAMPLE",
"resources": [
{
"ARN": "arn:aws:ecr:us-east-2:123456789012:repository/testrepo",
"accountId": "123456789012"
}
],
"eventType": "AwsApiCall",
"recipientAccountId": "123456789012"
}示例：创建 Amazon ECR 存储库时的 Amazon KMS CreateGrant API 操作
下面的示例显示了一个 CloudTrail 日志条目，该条目说明了创建启用 KMS 加密的 Amazon ECR 存储库时的 Amazon KMS CreateGrant 操作。对于已启用 KMS 加密创建的每个存储库，您应该在 CloudTrail 中看到两个 CreateGrant 日志条目。
{ "eventVersion": "1.05", "userIdentity": { "type": "IAMUser", "principalId": "AIDAIEP6W46J43IG7LXAQ", "arn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:user/Mary_Major", "accountId": "123456789012", "accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE", "userName": "Mary_Major", "sessionContext": { "sessionIssuer": { }, "webIdFederationData": { }, "attributes": { "mfaAuthenticated": "false", "creationDate": "2020-06-10T19:22:10Z" } }, "invokedBy": "AWS Internal" }, "eventTime": "2020-06-10T19:22:10Z", "eventSource": "kms.amazonaws.com", "eventName": "CreateGrant", "awsRegion": "us-west-2", "sourceIPAddress": "203.0.113.12", "userAgent": "console.amazonaws.com", "requestParameters": { "keyId": "4b55e5bf-39c8-41ad-b589-18464af7758a", "granteePrincipal": "ecr.us-west-2.amazonaws.com", "operations": [ "GenerateDataKey", "Decrypt" ], "retiringPrincipal": "ecr.us-west-2.amazonaws.com", "constraints": { "encryptionContextSubset": { "aws:ecr:arn": "arn:aws:ecr:us-west-2:123456789012:repository/testrepo" } } }, "responseElements": { "grantId": "3636af9adfee1accb67b83941087dcd45e7fadc4e74ff0103bb338422b5055f3" }, "requestID": "047b7dea-b56b-4013-87e9-a089f0f6602b", "eventID": "af4c9573-c56a-4886-baca-a77526544469", "readOnly": false, "resources": [ { "accountId": "123456789012", "type": "AWS::KMS::Key", "ARN": "arn:aws:kms:us-west-2:123456789012:key/4b55e5bf-39c8-41ad-b589-18464af7758a" } ], "eventType": "AwsApiCall", "recipientAccountId": "123456789012" }
示例：镜像推送操作
下面的示例显示了一个 CloudTrail 日志条目，该条目说明的是使用 PutImage 操作推送镜像。
注意
当推送镜像时，您在 CloudTrail 日志中还可以看到 InitiateLayerUpload、UploadLayerPart 和 CompleteLayerUpload 引用。
{
"eventVersion": "1.04",
"userIdentity": {
"type": "IAMUser",
"principalId": "AIDACKCEVSQ6C2EXAMPLE:account_name",
"arn": "arn:aws:sts::123456789012:user/Mary_Major",
"accountId": "123456789012",
"accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE",
"userName": "Mary_Major",
"sessionContext": {
"attributes": {
"mfaAuthenticated": "false",
"creationDate": "2019-04-15T16:42:14Z"
}
}
},
"eventTime": "2019-04-15T16:45:00Z",
"eventSource": "ecr.amazonaws.com",
"eventName": "PutImage",
"awsRegion": "us-east-2",
"sourceIPAddress": "203.0.113.12",
"userAgent": "console.amazonaws.com",
"requestParameters": {
"repositoryName": "testrepo",
"imageTag": "latest",
"registryId": "123456789012",
"imageManifest": "{\n \"schemaVersion\": 2,\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json\",\n \"config\": {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.container.image.v1+json\",\n \"size\": 5543,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:000b9b805af1cdb60628898c9f411996301a1c13afd3dbef1d8a16ac6dbf503a\"\n },\n \"layers\": [\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 43252507,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:3b37166ec61459e76e33282dda08f2a9cd698ca7e3d6bc44e6a6e7580cdeff8e\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 846,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:504facff238fde83f1ca8f9f54520b4219c5b8f80be9616ddc52d31448a044bd\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 615,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:ebbcacd28e101968415b0c812b2d2dc60f969e36b0b08c073bf796e12b1bb449\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 850,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:c7fb3351ecad291a88b92b600037e2435c84a347683d540042086fe72c902b8a\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 168,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:2e3debadcbf7e542e2aefbce1b64a358b1931fb403b3e4aeca27cb4d809d56c2\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 37720774,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:f8c9f51ad524d8ae9bf4db69cd3e720ba92373ec265f5c390ffb21bb0c277941\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 30432107,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:813a50b13f61cf1f8d25f19fa96ad3aa5b552896c83e86ce413b48b091d7f01b\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 197,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:7ab043301a6187ea3293d80b30ba06c7bf1a0c3cd4c43d10353b31bc0cecfe7d\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 154,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:67012cca8f31dc3b8ee2305e7762fee20c250513effdedb38a1c37784a5a2e71\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 176,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:3bc892145603fffc9b1c97c94e2985b4cb19ca508750b15845a5d97becbd1a0e\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 183,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:6f1c79518f18251d35977e7e46bfa6c6b9cf50df2a79d4194941d95c54258d18\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 212,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:b7bcfbc2e2888afebede4dd1cd5eebf029bb6315feeaf0b56e425e11a50afe42\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 212,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:2b220f8b0f32b7c2ed8eaafe1c802633bbd94849b9ab73926f0ba46cdae91629\"\n }\n ]\n}"
},
"responseElements": {
"image": {
"repositoryName": "testrepo",
"imageManifest": "{\n \"schemaVersion\": 2,\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json\",\n \"config\": {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.container.image.v1+json\",\n \"size\": 5543,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:000b9b805af1cdb60628898c9f411996301a1c13afd3dbef1d8a16ac6dbf503a\"\n },\n \"layers\": [\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 43252507,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:3b37166ec61459e76e33282dda08f2a9cd698ca7e3d6bc44e6a6e7580cdeff8e\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 846,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:504facff238fde83f1ca8f9f54520b4219c5b8f80be9616ddc52d31448a044bd\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 615,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:ebbcacd28e101968415b0c812b2d2dc60f969e36b0b08c073bf796e12b1bb449\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 850,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:c7fb3351ecad291a88b92b600037e2435c84a347683d540042086fe72c902b8a\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 168,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:2e3debadcbf7e542e2aefbce1b64a358b1931fb403b3e4aeca27cb4d809d56c2\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 37720774,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:f8c9f51ad524d8ae9bf4db69cd3e720ba92373ec265f5c390ffb21bb0c277941\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 30432107,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:813a50b13f61cf1f8d25f19fa96ad3aa5b552896c83e86ce413b48b091d7f01b\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 197,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:7ab043301a6187ea3293d80b30ba06c7bf1a0c3cd4c43d10353b31bc0cecfe7d\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 154,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:67012cca8f31dc3b8ee2305e7762fee20c250513effdedb38a1c37784a5a2e71\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 176,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:3bc892145603fffc9b1c97c94e2985b4cb19ca508750b15845a5d97becbd1a0e\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 183,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:6f1c79518f18251d35977e7e46bfa6c6b9cf50df2a79d4194941d95c54258d18\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 212,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:b7bcfbc2e2888afebede4dd1cd5eebf029bb6315feeaf0b56e425e11a50afe42\"\n },\n {\n \"mediaType\": \"application/vnd.docker.image.rootfs.diff.tar.gzip\",\n \"size\": 212,\n \"digest\": \"sha256:2b220f8b0f32b7c2ed8eaafe1c802633bbd94849b9ab73926f0ba46cdae91629\"\n }\n ]\n}",
"registryId": "123456789012",
"imageId": {
"imageDigest": "sha256:98c8b060c21d9adbb6b8c41b916e95e6307102786973ab93a41e8b86d1fc6d3e",
"imageTag": "latest"
}
}
},
"requestID": "cf044b7d-5f9d-11e9-9b2a-95983139cc57",
"eventID": "2bfd4ee2-2178-4a82-a27d-b12939923f0f",
"resources": [{
"ARN": "arn:aws:ecr:us-east-2:123456789012:repository/testrepo",
"accountId": "123456789012"
}],
"eventType": "AwsApiCall",
"recipientAccountId": "123456789012"
}示例：镜像提取操作
下面的示例显示了一个 CloudTrail 日志条目，该条目说明的是使用 BatchGetImage 操作提取镜像。
注意
当提取镜像时，如果本地尚没有镜像，您在 CloudTrail 日志中还将看到 GetDownloadUrlForLayer 引用。
{
"eventVersion": "1.04",
"userIdentity": {
"type": "IAMUser",
"principalId": "AIDACKCEVSQ6C2EXAMPLE:account_name",
"arn": "arn:aws:sts::123456789012:user/Mary_Major",
"accountId": "123456789012",
"accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE",
"userName": "Mary_Major",
"sessionContext": {
"attributes": {
"mfaAuthenticated": "false",
"creationDate": "2019-04-15T16:42:14Z"
}
}
},
"eventTime": "2019-04-15T17:23:20Z",
"eventSource": "ecr.amazonaws.com",
"eventName": "BatchGetImage",
"awsRegion": "us-east-2",
"sourceIPAddress": "203.0.113.12",
"userAgent": "console.amazonaws.com",
"requestParameters": {
"imageIds": [{
"imageTag": "latest"
}],
"acceptedMediaTypes": [
"application/json",
"application/vnd.oci.image.manifest.v1+json",
"application/vnd.oci.image.index.v1+json",
"application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json",
"application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.list.v2+json",
"application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v1+prettyjws"
],
"repositoryName": "testrepo",
"registryId": "123456789012"
},
"responseElements": null,
"requestID": "2a1b97ee-5fa3-11e9-a8cd-cd2391aeda93",
"eventID": "c84f5880-c2f9-4585-9757-28fa5c1065df",
"resources": [{
"ARN": "arn:aws:ecr:us-east-2:123456789012:repository/testrepo",
"accountId": "123456789012"
}],
"eventType": "AwsApiCall",
"recipientAccountId": "123456789012"
}示例：镜像生命周期策略操作
以下示例显示了一个 CloudTrail 日志条目，该条目演示镜像何时由于生命周期策略规则而过期。可通过筛选事件名称字段的 PolicyExecutionEvent 来定位此事件类型。
重要
由于单个 CloudTrail 事件的大小限制原因，对于有 10 个或以上镜像过期的生命周期策略操作，Amazon ECR 会向 CloudTrail 发送多个事件。此外，Amazon ECR 中每个镜像最多可包含 100 个标签。
{
"eventVersion": "1.05",
"userIdentity": {
"accountId": "123456789012",
"invokedBy": "AWS Internal"
},
"eventTime": "2020-03-12T20:22:12Z",
"eventSource": "ecr.amazonaws.com",
"eventName": "PolicyExecutionEvent",
"awsRegion": "us-west-2",
"sourceIPAddress": "AWS Internal",
"userAgent": "AWS Internal",
"requestParameters": null,
"responseElements": null,
"eventID": "9354dd7f-9aac-4e9d-956d-12561a4923aa",
"readOnly": true,
"resources": [
{
"ARN": "arn:aws:ecr:us-west-2:123456789012:repository/testrepo",
"accountId": "123456789012",
"type": "AWS::ECR::Repository"
}
],
"eventType": "AwsServiceEvent",
"recipientAccountId": "123456789012",
"serviceEventDetails": {
"repositoryName": "testrepo",
"lifecycleEventPolicy": {
"lifecycleEventRules": [
{
"rulePriority": 1,
"description": "remove all images > 2",
"lifecycleEventSelection": {
"tagStatus": "Any",
"tagPrefixList": [],
"countType": "Image count more than",
"countNumber": 2
},
"action": "expire"
}
],
"lastEvaluatedAt": 0,
"policyVersion": 1,
"policyId": "ceb86829-58e7-9498-920c-aa042e33037b"
},
"lifecycleEventImageActions": [
{
"lifecycleEventImage": {
"digest": "sha256:ddba4d27a7ffc3f86dd6c2f92041af252a1f23a8e742c90e6e1297bfa1bc0c45",
"tagStatus": "Tagged",
"tagList": [
"alpine"
],
"pushedAt": 1584042813000
},
"rulePriority": 1
},
{
"lifecycleEventImage": {
"digest": "sha256:6ab380c5a5acf71c1b6660d645d2cd79cc8ce91b38e0352cbf9561e050427baf",
"tagStatus": "Tagged",
"tagList": [
"centos"
],
"pushedAt": 1584042842000
},
"rulePriority": 1
}
]
}
}