Amazon CloudWatch metrics for Amazon Aurora
The AWS/RDS
namespace includes the following metrics that apply to database entities running on
Amazon Aurora. Some metrics apply to either Aurora MySQL, Aurora PostgreSQL, or both. Furthermore, some metrics are
specific to a DB cluster, primary DB instance, replica DB instance, or all DB instances.
For Aurora global database metrics, see Amazon CloudWatch metrics and Aurora MySQL status variables for write forwarding. For Aurora parallel query metrics, see Monitoring parallel query.
Topics
Cluster-level metrics for Amazon Aurora
The following table describes metrics that are specific to Aurora clusters.
Amazon Aurora cluster-level metrics | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Metric | Console name | Description | Applies to | Units | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Aurora Global DB Data Transfer Bytes (Bytes) |
In an Aurora Global Database, the amount of redo log data transferred from the master Amazon Region to a secondary Amazon Region. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes |
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In an Aurora Global Database, the measure of how far the secondary cluster is behind the primary cluster for both user transactions and system transactions. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Milliseconds |
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Aurora Global DB Replicated Write IO |
In an Aurora Global Database, the number of write I/O operations replicated from the primary
Amazon Region to the cluster volume in a secondary Amazon Region. The billing calculations for the
secondary Amazon Regions in a global database use |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Count |
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Aurora Global DB Replication Lag (Milliseconds) |
For an Aurora Global Database, the amount of lag when replicating updates from the primary Amazon Region. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Milliseconds |
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In an Aurora Global Database, the recovery point objective (RPO) lag time. This metric measures how far the secondary cluster is behind the primary cluster for user transactions. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Milliseconds |
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The remaining available space for the cluster volume. As the cluster volume grows, this value decreases. If it reaches zero, the cluster reports an out-of-space error. If you want to detect whether your Aurora MySQL cluster is approaching the size limit of
128 tebibytes (TiB), this value is simpler and more reliable to monitor than |
Aurora MySQL |
Bytes |
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Backtrack Change Records Creation Rate (Count) |
The number of backtrack change records created over 5 minutes for your DB cluster. |
Aurora MySQL |
Count per 5 minutes |
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Backtrack Change Records Stored (Count) |
The number of backtrack change records used by your DB cluster. |
Aurora MySQL |
Count |
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Backup Retention Period Storage Used (GiB) |
The total amount of backup storage used to support the point-in-time restore feature within the
Aurora DB cluster's backup retention window. This amount is included in the total reported by the
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Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes |
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The current capacity of an Aurora Serverless DB cluster. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Count |
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Snapshot Storage Used (GiB) |
The total amount of backup storage consumed by all Aurora snapshots for an Aurora DB cluster
outside its backup retention window. This amount is included in the total reported by the
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Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes |
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Total Backup Storage Used (GiB) |
The total amount of backup storage in bytes for which you are billed for a given Aurora DB
cluster. The metric includes the backup storage measured by the
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Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes |
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Volume Bytes Used (GiB) |
The amount of storage used by your Aurora DB instance. This value affects the cost of the Aurora DB cluster (for pricing information, see the Amazon RDS pricing page This value doesn't reflect some internal storage allocations that don't affect
storage billing. For Aurora MySQL you can anticipate out-of-space issues more accurately by testing whether
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Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes |
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Volume Read IOPS (Count) |
The number of billed read I/O operations from a cluster volume within a 5-minute interval. Billed read operations are calculated at the cluster volume level, aggregated from all instances in the Aurora DB cluster, and then reported at 5-minute intervals. The value is calculated by taking the value of the Read operations metric over a 5-minute period. You can determine the amount of billed read operations per second by taking the value of the Billed read operations metric and dividing by 300 seconds. For example, if the Billed read operations returns 13,686, then the billed read operations per second is 45 (13,686 / 300 = 45.62). You accrue billed read operations for queries that request database pages that aren't in the buffer cache and must be loaded from storage. You might see spikes in billed read operations as query results are read from storage and then loaded into the buffer cache. Tip If your Aurora MySQL cluster uses parallel query, you might see an increase in
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Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Count per 5 minutes |
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Volume Write IOPS (Count) |
The number of write disk I/O operations to the cluster volume, reported at 5-minute intervals.
For a detailed description of how billed write operations are calculated, see
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Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Count per 5 minutes |
Instance-level metrics for Amazon Aurora
The following instance-specific CloudWatch metrics apply to all Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL instances unless noted otherwise.
Amazon Aurora instance-level metrics | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The number of client connections that have not been closed properly. |
Aurora MySQL |
Count |
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Active Transactions (Count) |
The average number of current transactions executing on an Aurora database instance per second. By default, Aurora doesn't enable this metric. To begin measuring this value, set
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Aurora MySQL |
Count per second |
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ACUUtilization |
The value of the This metric is applicable for Aurora Serverless v1 and Aurora Serverless v2. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Percentage |
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Aurora Binlog Replica Lag (Seconds) |
The amount of time that a binary log replica DB cluster running on Aurora MySQL-Compatible Edition lags behind the binary log replication source. A lag means that the source is generating records faster than the replica can apply them. This metric reports different values depending on the engine version:
You can use this metric to monitor errors and replica lag in a cluster that acts as a binary log replica. The metric value indicates the following:
Because binary log replication only occurs on the writer instance of the cluster, we recommend using the version of this metric associated with the WRITER role. For more information about administering replication, see Replicating Amazon Aurora MySQL DB clusters across Amazon Web Services Regions. For more information about troubleshooting, see Amazon Aurora MySQL replication issues. |
Primary for Aurora MySQL |
Seconds |
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Aurora Replica Lag (Milliseconds) |
For an Aurora replica, the amount of lag when replicating updates from the primary instance. |
Replica for Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Milliseconds |
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Replica Lag Maximum (Milliseconds) |
The maximum amount of lag between the primary instance and any of the Aurora DB instance in the DB cluster. |
Primary for Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Milliseconds |
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Replica Lag Minimum (Milliseconds) |
The minimum amount of lag between the primary instance and any of the Aurora DB instance in the DB cluster. |
Primary for Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Milliseconds |
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AuroraSlowConnectionHandleCount |
The number of connections that have waited two seconds or longer to start the handshake. This metric applies only to Aurora MySQL version 3. |
Aurora MySQL |
Count |
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AuroraSlowHandshakeCount |
The number of connections that have taken 50 milliseconds or longer to finish the handshake. This metric applies only to Aurora MySQL version 3. |
Aurora MySQL |
Count |
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Backtrack Window Actual (Minutes) |
The difference between the target backtrack window and the actual backtrack window. |
Primary for Aurora MySQL |
Minutes |
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Backtrack Window Alert (Count) |
The number of times that the actual backtrack window is smaller than the target backtrack window for a given period of time. |
Primary for Aurora MySQL |
Count |
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Blocked Transactions (Count) |
The average number of transactions in the database that are blocked per second. |
Aurora MySQL |
Count per second |
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Buffer Cache Hit Ratio (Percent) |
The percentage of requests that are served by the buffer cache. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Percentage |
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Commit Latency (Milliseconds) |
The average duration of commit operations. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Milliseconds |
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Commit Throughput (Count/Second) |
The average number of commit operations per second. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Count per second |
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Connection Attempts (Count) |
The number of attempts to connect to an instance, whether successful or not. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Count |
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CPU Credit Balance (Count) |
The number of CPU credits that an instance has accumulated, reported at 5-minute intervals. You can use this metric to determine how long a DB instance can burst beyond its baseline performance level at a given rate. This metric applies only to these instance class:
NoteWe recommend using the T DB instance classes only for development and test servers, or other non-production servers. For more details on the T instance classes, see DB instance class types. Launch credits work the same way in Amazon RDS as they do in Amazon EC2. For more information, see Launch credits in the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Linux Instances. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Count |
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CPU Credit Usage (Count) |
The number of CPU credits consumed during the specified period, reported at 5-minute intervals. This metric measures the amount of time during which physical CPUs have been used for processing instructions by virtual CPUs allocated to the DB instance. This metric applies only to these instance class:
NoteWe recommend using the T DB instance classes only for development and test servers, or other non-production servers. For more details on the T instance classes, see DB instance class types. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Count |
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CPU Utilization (Percent) |
The percentage of CPU used by an Aurora DB instance. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Percentage |
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DB Connections (Count) |
The number of client network connections to the database instance. The number of database sessions can be higher than the metric value because the metric value doesn't include the following:
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Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Count |
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DDL Latency (Milliseconds) |
The average duration of requests such as example, create, alter, and drop requests. |
Aurora MySQL |
Milliseconds |
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DDL (Count/Second) |
The average number of DDL requests per second. |
Aurora MySQL |
Count per second |
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Deadlocks (Count) |
The average number of deadlocks in the database per second. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Count per second |
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Delete Latency (Milliseconds) |
The average duration of delete operations. |
Aurora MySQL |
Milliseconds |
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Delete Throughput (Count/Second) |
The average number of delete queries per second. |
Aurora MySQL |
Count per second |
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Queue Depth (Count) |
The number of outstanding read/write requests waiting to access the disk. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Count |
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DML Latency (Milliseconds) |
The average duration of inserts, updates, and deletes. |
Aurora MySQL |
Milliseconds |
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DML Throughput (Count/Second) |
The average number of inserts, updates, and deletes per second. |
Aurora MySQL |
Count per second |
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EBSByteBalance% |
EBS Byte Balance (Percent) |
The percentage of throughput credits remaining in the burst bucket of your RDS database. This metric is available for basic monitoring only. To find the instance sizes that support this metric, see the instance sizes with an
asterisk (*) in the EBS optimized by default
table in Amazon EC2 User Guide for Linux Instances. The |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Percent |
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EBSIOBalance% |
EBS IO Balance (Percent) |
The percentage of I/O credits remaining in the burst bucket of your RDS database. This metric is available for basic monitoring only. To find the instance sizes that support this metric, see the instance sizes with an
asterisk (*) in the EBS optimized by default
table in Amazon EC2 User Guide for Linux Instances. The This metric is different from |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Percent |
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Engine Uptime (Seconds) |
The amount of time that the instance has been running. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Seconds |
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Freeable Memory (MB) |
The amount of available random access memory. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes |
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Free Local Storage (Bytes) |
The amount of local storage available. Unlike for other DB engines, for Aurora DB instances this metric reports the amount of
storage available to each DB instance. This value depends on the DB instance class (for
pricing information, see the Amazon RDS pricing
page (This doesn't apply to Aurora Serverless v2.) |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes |
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Insert Latency (Milliseconds) |
The average duration of insert operations. |
Aurora MySQL |
Milliseconds |
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Insert Throughput (Count/Second) |
The average number of insert operations per second. |
Aurora MySQL |
Count per second |
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Login Failures (Count) |
The average number of failed login attempts per second. |
Aurora MySQL |
Count per second |
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MaximumUsedTransactionIDs |
The age of the oldest unvacuumed transaction ID, in transactions. If this value reaches
2,146,483,648 (2^31 - 1,000,000), the database is forced into read-only mode, to avoid
transaction ID wraparound. For more information, see Preventing transaction ID wraparound failures |
Aurora PostgreSQL |
Count |
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Network Receive Throughput (MB/Second) |
The amount of network throughput received from clients by each instance in the Aurora MySQL DB cluster. This throughput doesn't include network traffic between instances in the Aurora DB cluster and the cluster volume. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes per second (console shows Megabytes per second) |
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Network Throughput (Byte/Second) |
The amount of network throughput both received from and transmitted to clients by each instance in the Aurora MySQL DB cluster. This throughput doesn't include network traffic between instances in the DB cluster and the cluster volume. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes per second |
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Network Transmit Throughput (MB/Second) |
The amount of network throughput sent to clients by each instance in the Aurora DB cluster. This throughput doesn't include network traffic between instances in the DB cluster and the cluster volume. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes per second (console shows Megabytes per second) |
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The number of binlog files generated. |
Aurora MySQL |
Count |
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Queries (Count/Second) |
The average number of queries executed per second. |
Aurora MySQL |
Count per second |
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The lag when replicating updates from the primary RDS PostgreSQL instance to other nodes in the cluster. |
Replica for Aurora PostgreSQL |
Seconds |
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Read IOPS (Count/Second) |
The average number of disk I/O operations per second but the reports read and write separately, in 1-minute intervals. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Count per second |
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Read Latency |
The average amount of time taken per disk I/O operation. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Seconds |
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Read Throughput (MB/Second) |
The average number of bytes read from disk per second. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes per second |
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The amount of disk space consumed by replication slot files. |
Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes |
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Result Set Cache Hit Ratio (Percent) |
The percentage of requests that are served by the Resultset cache. |
Aurora MySQL |
Percentage |
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The undo logs that record committed transactions with delete-marked records. These records are scheduled to be processed by the InnoDB purge operation. |
Aurora MySQL |
Count |
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The total time spent acquiring row locks for InnoDB tables. |
Aurora MySQL |
Milliseconds |
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Select Latency (Milliseconds) |
The average amount of time for select operations. |
Aurora MySQL |
Milliseconds |
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Select Throughput (Count/Second) |
The average number of select queries per second. |
Aurora MySQL |
Count per second |
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Network Receive Throughput (MB/Second) |
The amount of network throughput received from the Aurora storage subsystem by each instance in the DB cluster. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes per second |
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Network Throughput (Byte/Second) |
The amount of network throughput received from and sent to the Aurora storage subsystem by each instance in the Aurora MySQL DB cluster. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes per second |
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Network Transmit Throughput (MB/Second) |
The amount of network throughput sent to the Aurora storage subsystem by each instance in the Aurora MySQL DB cluster. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes per second |
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|
The total size of the binlog files. |
Aurora MySQL |
Bytes |
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|
Swap Usage (MB) |
The amount of swap space used. This metric isn't available for the following
DB instance classes:
|
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes |
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|
TempStorageIOPS |
The number of IOPS for both read and writes on local storage attached to the DB instance. This metric represents a count and is measured once per second. This metric is applicable for Aurora Serverless v1 and Aurora Serverless v2. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Count per second |
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TempStorageThroughput |
The amount of data transferred to and from local storage associated with the DB instance. This metric represents bytes and is measured once per second. This metric is applicable for Aurora Serverless v1 and Aurora Serverless v2. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes per second |
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Transaction Logs Disk Usage (MB) |
The amount of disk space consumed by transaction logs on the Aurora PostgreSQL DB instance. This metric is generated only when Aurora PostgreSQL is using logical replication or Amazon Database Migration Service.
By default, Aurora PostgreSQL uses log records, not transaction logs. When transaction logs
aren't in use, the value for this metric is |
Primary for Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes |
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|
Update Latency (Milliseconds) |
The average amount of time taken for update operations. |
Aurora MySQL |
Milliseconds |
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Update Throughput (Count/Second) |
The average number of updates per second. |
Aurora MySQL |
Count per second |
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Write IOPS (Count/Second) |
The number of Aurora storage write records generated per second. This is more or less the number of log records generated by the database. These do not correspond to 8K page writes, and do not correspond to network packets sent. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Count per second |
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Write Latency |
The average amount of time taken per disk I/O operation. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Seconds |
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Write Throughput (MB/Second) |
The average number of bytes written to persistent storage every second. |
Aurora MySQL and Aurora PostgreSQL |
Bytes per second |
Amazon CloudWatch usage metrics for Amazon Aurora
The AWS/Usage
namespace in Amazon CloudWatch includes account-level usage metrics for your Amazon RDS service quotas. CloudWatch collects usage
metrics automatically for all Amazon Web Services Regions.
For more information, see CloudWatch usage metrics in the Amazon CloudWatch User Guide. For more information about quotas, see Quotas and constraints for Amazon Aurora and Requesting a quota increase in the Service Quotas User Guide.
Metric | Description | Units* |
---|---|---|
DBClusterParameterGroups |
The number of DB cluster parameter groups in your Amazon Web Services account. The count excludes default parameter groups. |
Count |
DBClusters |
The number of Amazon Aurora DB clusters in your Amazon Web Services account. |
Count |
DBInstances |
The number of DB instances in your Amazon Web Services account. |
Count |
DBParameterGroups |
The number of DB parameter groups in your Amazon Web Services account. The count excludes the default DB parameter groups. |
Count |
DBSubnetGroups
|
The number of DB subnet groups in your Amazon Web Services account. The count excludes the default subnet group. |
Count |
ManualClusterSnapshots |
The number of manually created DB cluster snapshots in your Amazon Web Services account. The count excludes invalid snapshots. |
Count |
OptionGroups |
The number of option groups in your Amazon Web Services account. The count excludes the default option groups. |
Count |
ReservedDBInstances |
The number of reserved DB instances in your Amazon Web Services account. The count excludes retired or declined instances. |
Count |
* Amazon RDS doesn't publish units for usage metrics to CloudWatch. The units only appear in the documentation.