MySQL feature support on Amazon RDS

RDS for MySQL supports most of the features and capabilities of MySQL. Some features might have limited support or restricted privileges.

You can filter new Amazon RDS features on the What's New with Database? page. For Products, choose Amazon RDS. Then search using keywords such as MySQL 2022.

Supported storage engines for RDS for MySQL

While MySQL supports multiple storage engines with varying capabilities, not all of them are optimized for recovery and data durability. Amazon RDS fully supports the InnoDB storage engine for MySQL DB instances. Amazon RDS features such as Point-In-Time restore and snapshot restore require a recoverable storage engine and are supported for the InnoDB storage engine only. For more information, see MySQL memcached support.

The Federated Storage Engine is currently not supported by Amazon RDS for MySQL.

For user-created schemas, the MyISAM storage engine does not support reliable recovery and can result in lost or corrupt data when MySQL is restarted after a recovery, preventing Point-In-Time restore or snapshot restore from working as intended. However, if you still choose to use MyISAM with Amazon RDS, snapshots can be helpful under some conditions.

If you want to convert existing MyISAM tables to InnoDB tables, you can use the ALTER TABLE command (for example, alter table TABLE_NAME engine=innodb;). Bear in mind that MyISAM and InnoDB have different strengths and weaknesses, so you should fully evaluate the impact of making this switch on your applications before doing so.

MySQL 5.1, 5.5, and 5.6 are no longer supported in Amazon RDS. However, you can restore existing MySQL 5.1, 5.5, and 5.6 snapshots. When you restore a MySQL 5.1, 5.5, or 5.6 snapshot, the DB instance is automatically upgraded to MySQL 5.7.

Using memcached and other options with MySQL on Amazon RDS

Most Amazon RDS DB engines support option groups that allow you to select additional features for your DB instance. RDS for MySQL DB instances support the memcached option, a simple, key-based cache. For more information about memcached and other options, see Options for MySQL DB instances. For more information about working with option groups, see Working with option groups.

InnoDB cache warming for MySQL on Amazon RDS

InnoDB cache warming can provide performance gains for your MySQL DB instance by saving the current state of the buffer pool when the DB instance is shut down, and then reloading the buffer pool from the saved information when the DB instance starts up. This bypasses the need for the buffer pool to "warm up" from normal database use and instead preloads the buffer pool with the pages for known common queries. The file that stores the saved buffer pool information only stores metadata for the pages that are in the buffer pool, and not the pages themselves. As a result, the file does not require much storage space. The file size is about 0.2 percent of the cache size. For example, for a 64 GiB cache, the cache warming file size is 128 MiB. For more information on InnoDB cache warming, see Saving and restoring the buffer pool state in the MySQL documentation.

RDS for MySQL DB instances support InnoDB cache warming. To enable InnoDB cache warming, set the innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown and innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup parameters to 1 in the parameter group for your DB instance. Changing these parameter values in a parameter group will affect all MySQL DB instances that use that parameter group. To enable InnoDB cache warming for specific MySQL DB instances, you might need to create a new parameter group for those instances. For information on parameter groups, see Working with parameter groups.

InnoDB cache warming primarily provides a performance benefit for DB instances that use standard storage. If you use PIOPS storage, you do not commonly see a significant performance benefit.

CREATE EVENT periodic_buffer_pool_dump 
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 HOUR 
DO CALL mysql.rds_innodb_buffer_pool_dump_now(); 

Dumping and loading the buffer pool on demand

You can save and load the InnoDB cache "on demand."

MySQL features not supported by Amazon RDS

Amazon RDS doesn't currently support the following MySQL features:

To deliver a managed service experience, Amazon RDS doesn't provide shell access to DB instances. It also restricts access to certain system procedures and tables that require advanced privileges. Amazon RDS supports access to databases on a DB instance using any standard SQL client application. Amazon RDS doesn't allow direct host access to a DB instance by using Telnet, Secure Shell (SSH), or Windows Remote Desktop Connection. When you create a DB instance, you are assigned as db_owner for all databases on that instance, and you have all database-level permissions except for those used for backups. Amazon RDS manages backups for you.