Amazon CloudWatch metrics for Amazon RDS - Amazon Relational Database Service
Amazon CloudWatch instance-level metrics for Amazon RDSAmazon CloudWatch usage metrics for Amazon RDS
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Amazon CloudWatch metrics for Amazon RDS

Amazon RDS publishes metrics to Amazon CloudWatch in the AWS/RDS and AWS/Usage namespaces.

Amazon CloudWatch instance-level metrics for Amazon RDS

The AWS/RDS namespace in Amazon CloudWatch includes the following instance-level metrics.

Note

The Amazon RDS console might display metrics in units that are different from the units sent to Amazon CloudWatch. For example, the Amazon RDS console might display a metric in megabytes (MB), while the metric is sent to Amazon CloudWatch in bytes.

Metric Description Applies to Units
BinLogDiskUsage

The amount of disk space occupied by binary logs. If automatic backups are enabled for MySQL and MariaDB instances, including read replicas, binary logs are created.

MariaDB

MySQL

Bytes
BurstBalance

The percent of General Purpose SSD (gp2) burst-bucket I/O credits available.

All

Percent
CheckpointLag

The amount of time since the most recent checkpoint.

Seconds

ConnectionAttempts

The number of attempts to connect to an instance, whether successful or not.

MySQL

Count
CPUUtilization

The percentage of CPU utilization.

All

Percentage

CPUCreditUsage

The number of CPU credits spent by the instance for CPU utilization. One CPU credit equals one vCPU running at 100 percent utilization for one minute or an equivalent combination of vCPUs, utilization, and time. For example, you might have one vCPU running at 50 percent utilization for two minutes or two vCPUs running at 25 percent utilization for two minutes.

This metric applies only to db.t2, db.t3, and db.t4g instances.
Note

We recommend using the T DB instance classes only for development and test servers, or other non-production servers. For more details on the T instance classes, see DB instance class types

CPU credit metrics are available at a five-minute frequency only. If you specify a period greater than five minutes, use the Sum statistic instead of the Average statistic.

Credits (vCPU-minutes)

CPUCreditBalance

The number of earned CPU credits that an instance has accrued since it was launched or started. For T2 Standard, the CPUCreditBalance also includes the number of launch credits that have been accrued.

Credits are accrued in the credit balance after they are earned, and removed from the credit balance when they are spent. The credit balance has a maximum limit, determined by the instance size. After the limit is reached, any new credits that are earned are discarded. For T2 Standard, launch credits don't count towards the limit.

The credits in the CPUCreditBalance are available for the instance to spend to burst beyond its baseline CPU utilization.

When an instance is running, credits in the CPUCreditBalance don't expire. When the instance stops, the CPUCreditBalance does not persist, and all accrued credits are lost.

CPU credit metrics are available at a five-minute frequency only.

This metric applies only to db.t2, db.t3, and db.t4g instances.
Note

We recommend using the T DB instance classes only for development and test servers, or other non-production servers. For more details on the T instance classes, see DB instance class types

Launch credits work the same way in Amazon RDS as they do in Amazon EC2. For more information, see Launch credits in the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud User Guide for Linux Instances.

Credits (vCPU-minutes)

CPUSurplusCreditBalance

The number of surplus credits that have been spent by an unlimited instance when its CPUCreditBalance value is zero.

The CPUSurplusCreditBalance value is paid down by earned CPU credits. If the number of surplus credits exceeds the maximum number of credits that the instance can earn in a 24-hour period, the spent surplus credits above the maximum incur an additional charge.

CPU credit metrics are available at a 5-minute frequency only.

All

Credits (vCPU-minutes)

CPUSurplusCreditsCharged

The number of spent surplus credits that are not paid down by earned CPU credits, and which thus incur an additional charge.

Spent surplus credits are charged when any of the following occurs:

  • The spent surplus credits exceed the maximum number of credits that the instance can earn in a 24-hour period. Spent surplus credits above the maximum are charged at the end of the hour.

  • The instance is stopped or terminated.

  • The instance is switched from unlimited to standard.

CPU credit metrics are available at a 5-minute frequency only.

All

Credits (vCPU-minutes)
DatabaseConnections

The number of client network connections to the database instance.

The number of database sessions can be higher than the metric value because the metric value doesn't include the following:

  • Sessions that no longer have a network connection but which the database hasn't cleaned up

  • Sessions created by the database engine for its own purposes

  • Sessions created by the database engine's parallel execution capabilities

  • Sessions created by the database engine job scheduler

  • Amazon RDS connections

All

Count
DiskQueueDepth

The number of outstanding I/Os (read/write requests) waiting to access the disk.

All

Count
DiskQueueDepthLogVolume

The number of outstanding I/Os (read/write requests) waiting to access the log volume disk.

All

Count
EBSByteBalance%

The percentage of throughput credits remaining in the burst bucket of your RDS database. This metric is available for basic monitoring only.

The metric value is based on the throughput of all volumes, including the root volume, rather than on only those volumes containing database files.

To find the instance sizes that support this metric, see the instance sizes with an asterisk (*) in the EBS optimized by default table in Amazon EC2 User Guide for Linux Instances. The Sum statistic is not applicable to this metric.

All

Percentage
EBSIOBalance%

The percentage of I/O credits remaining in the burst bucket of your RDS database. This metric is available for basic monitoring only.

The metric value is based on the IOPS of all volumes, including the root volume, rather than on only those volumes containing database files.

To find the instance sizes that support this metric, see the instance sizes with an asterisk (*) in the EBS optimized by default table in Amazon EC2 User Guide for Linux Instances. The Sum statistic is not applicable to this metric.

This metric is different from BurstBalance. To learn how to use this metric, see Improving application performance and reducing costs with Amazon EBS-Optimized Instance burst capability.

All

Percentage
FailedSQLServerAgentJobsCount

The number of failed Microsoft SQL Server Agent jobs during the last minute.

Microsoft SQL Server

Count per minute
FreeableMemory

The amount of available random access memory.

For MariaDB, MySQL, Oracle, and PostgreSQL DB instances, this metric reports the value of the MemAvailable field of /proc/meminfo.

All

Bytes
FreeStorageSpace

The amount of available storage space.

All

Bytes
FreeStorageSpaceLogVolume

The amount of available storage space on the log volume.

All

Bytes
MaximumUsedTransactionIDs

The maximum transaction IDs that have been used.

PostgreSQL

Count
NetworkReceiveThroughput

The incoming (receive) network traffic on the DB instance, including both customer database traffic and Amazon RDS traffic used for monitoring and replication.

All

Bytes per second
NetworkTransmitThroughput

The outgoing (transmit) network traffic on the DB instance, including both customer database traffic and Amazon RDS traffic used for monitoring and replication.

All

Bytes per second
OldestReplicationSlotLag

The lagging size of the replica lagging the most in terms of write-ahead log (WAL) data received.

PostgreSQL

Bytes
ReadIOPS

The average number of disk read I/O operations per second.

All

Count per second
ReadIOPSLogVolume

The average number of disk read I/O operations per second for the log volume.

All

Count per second
ReadLatency

The average amount of time taken per disk I/O operation.

All

Seconds
ReadLatencyLogVolume

The average amount of time taken per disk I/O operation for the log volume.

All

Seconds
ReadThroughput

The average number of bytes read from disk per second.

All

Bytes per second
ReadThroughputLogVolume

The average number of bytes read from disk per second for the log volume.

All

Bytes per second
ReplicaLag

For read replica configurations, the amount of time a read replica DB instance lags behind the source DB instance. Applies to MariaDB, Microsoft SQL Server, MySQL, Oracle, and PostgreSQL read replicas.

For Multi-AZ DB clusters, the difference in time between the latest transaction on the writer DB instance and the latest applied transaction on a reader DB instance.

Seconds
ReplicationChannelLag

For multi-source replica configurations, the amount of time a particular channel on the multi-source replica lags behind the source DB instance. For more information, see Monitoring multi-source replication channels.

MySQL

Seconds
ReplicationSlotDiskUsage

The disk space used by replication slot files.

PostgreSQL

Bytes
SwapUsage

The amount of swap space used on the DB instance.

MariaDB

MySQL

Oracle

PostgreSQL

Bytes
TransactionLogsDiskUsage

The disk space used by transaction logs.

PostgreSQL

Bytes
TransactionLogsGeneration

The size of transaction logs generated per second.

PostgreSQL

Bytes per second
WriteIOPS

The average number of disk write I/O operations per second.

All

Count per second
WriteIOPSLogVolume

The average number of disk write I/O operations per second for the log volume.

All

Count per second
WriteLatency

The average amount of time taken per disk I/O operation.

All

Seconds
WriteLatencyLogVolume

The average amount of time taken per disk I/O operation for the log volume.

All

Seconds
WriteThroughput

The average number of bytes written to disk per second.

All

Bytes per second
WriteThroughputLogVolume

The average number of bytes written to disk per second for the log volume.

All

Bytes per second

Amazon CloudWatch usage metrics for Amazon RDS

The AWS/Usage namespace in Amazon CloudWatch includes account-level usage metrics for your Amazon RDS service quotas. CloudWatch collects usage metrics automatically for all Amazon Web Services Regions.

For more information, see CloudWatch usage metrics in the Amazon CloudWatch User Guide. For more information about quotas, see Quotas and constraints for Amazon RDS and Requesting a quota increase in the Service Quotas User Guide.

Metric Description Units*
AllocatedStorage

The total storage for all DB instances. The sum excludes temporary migration instances.

Gigabytes
DBClusterParameterGroups

The number of DB cluster parameter groups in your Amazon Web Services account. The count excludes default parameter groups.

Count
DBClusters

The number of Amazon Aurora DB clusters in your Amazon Web Services account.

Count
DBInstances

The number of DB instances in your Amazon Web Services account.

Count
DBParameterGroups

The number of DB parameter groups in your Amazon Web Services account. The count excludes the default DB parameter groups.

Count
DBSecurityGroups

The number of security groups in your Amazon Web Services account. The count excludes the default security group and the default VPC security group.

Count
DBSubnetGroups

The number of DB subnet groups in your Amazon Web Services account. The count excludes the default subnet group.

Count
ManualClusterSnapshots

The number of manually created DB cluster snapshots in your Amazon Web Services account. The count excludes invalid snapshots.

Count
ManualSnapshots

The number of manually created DB snapshots in your Amazon Web Services account. The count excludes invalid snapshots.

Count
OptionGroups

The number of option groups in your Amazon Web Services account. The count excludes the default option groups.

Count
ReservedDBInstances

The number of reserved DB instances in your Amazon Web Services account. The count excludes retired or declined instances.

Count
Note

Amazon RDS doesn't publish units for usage metrics to CloudWatch. The units only appear in the documentation.