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在 Neptune ML 中使用链接预测模型的 Gremlin 链接预测查询
链接预测模型可以解决如下问题:
头节点预测:给定顶点和边缘类型,该顶点可能从哪些顶点链接?
尾节点预测:给定顶点和边缘标签,该顶点可能链接到哪些顶点?
注意
Neptune ML 尚不支持边缘预测。
对于下面的示例,请考虑一个包含顶点 User
和 Movie
的简单图形,这些顶点通过边缘 Rated
相连。
以下是头节点预测查询示例,用于预测最有可能对电影 "movie_1"
、"movie_2"
和 "movie_3"
进行评分的前五位用户:
g.with("Neptune#ml.endpoint","node-prediction-movie-lens-endpoint") .with("Neptune#ml.iamRoleArn","arn:aws:iam::0123456789:role/sagemaker-role") .with("Neptune#ml.limit", 5) .V("movie_1", "movie_2", "movie_3") .in("rated").with("Neptune#ml.prediction").hasLabel("user")
以下是类似的尾节点预测示例,用于预测用户 "user_1"
可能评分的前五部电影:
g.with("Neptune#ml.endpoint","node-prediction-movie-lens-endpoint") .with("Neptune#ml.iamRoleArn","arn:aws:iam::0123456789:role/sagemaker-role") .V("user_1") .out("rated").with("Neptune#ml.prediction").hasLabel("movie")
边缘标签和预测的顶点标签都是必需的。如果省略其中一个,则会引发异常。例如,以下没有预测顶点标签的查询会引发异常:
g.with("Neptune#ml.endpoint","node-prediction-movie-lens-endpoint") .with("Neptune#ml.iamRoleArn","arn:aws:iam::0123456789:role/sagemaker-role") .V("user_1") .out("rated").with("Neptune#ml.prediction")
同样,以下没有边缘标签的查询也会引发异常:
g.with("Neptune#ml.endpoint","node-prediction-movie-lens-endpoint") .with("Neptune#ml.iamRoleArn","arn:aws:iam::0123456789:role/sagemaker-role") .V("user_1") .out().with("Neptune#ml.prediction").hasLabel("movie")
有关这些异常返回的具体错误消息,请参阅 Neptune ML 异常列表。
其它链接预测查询
可以将 select()
步骤与 as(
) 步骤一起使用来输出预测的顶点以及输入顶点:
g.with("Neptune#ml.endpoint","node-prediction-movie-lens-endpoint") .with("Neptune#ml.iamRoleArn","arn:aws:iam::0123456789:role/sagemaker-role") .V("movie_1").as("source") .in("rated").with("Neptune#ml.prediction").hasLabel("user").as("target") .select("source","target") g.with("Neptune#ml.endpoint","node-prediction-movie-lens-endpoint") .with("Neptune#ml.iamRoleArn","arn:aws:iam::0123456789:role/sagemaker-role") .V("user_1").as("source") .out("rated").with("Neptune#ml.prediction").hasLabel("movie").as("target") .select("source","target")
您可以进行无界查询,如下所示:
g.with("Neptune#ml.endpoint","node-prediction-movie-lens-endpoint") .with("Neptune#ml.iamRoleArn","arn:aws:iam::0123456789:role/sagemaker-role") .V("user_1") .out("rated").with("Neptune#ml.prediction").hasLabel("movie") g.with("Neptune#ml.endpoint","node-prediction-movie-lens-endpoint") .with("Neptune#ml.iamRoleArn","arn:aws:iam::0123456789:role/sagemaker-role") .V("movie_1") .in("rated").with("Neptune#ml.prediction").hasLabel("user")
在链接预测查询中使用归纳推理
假设您要在 Jupyter 笔记本的现有图形中添加一个新节点,如下所示:
%%gremlin g.addV('label1').property(id,'101').as('newV1') .addV('label2').property(id,'102').as('newV2') .V('1').as('oldV1') .V('2').as('oldV2') .addE('eLabel1').from('newV1').to('oldV1') .addE('eLabel2').from('oldV2').to('newV2')
然后,您可以使用归纳推理查询来预测头节点,同时考虑到新节点:
%%gremlin g.with("Neptune#ml.endpoint", "lp-ep") .with("Neptune#ml.iamRoleArn", "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/NeptuneMLRole") .V('101').out("eLabel1") .with("Neptune#ml.prediction") .with("Neptune#ml.inductiveInference") .hasLabel("label2")
结果:
==>V[2]
同样,您可以使用归纳推理查询来预测尾节点,同时考虑到新节点:
%%gremlin g.with("Neptune#ml.endpoint", "lp-ep") .with("Neptune#ml.iamRoleArn", "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/NeptuneMLRole") .V('102').in("eLabel2") .with("Neptune#ml.prediction") .with("Neptune#ml.inductiveInference") .hasLabel("label1")
结果:
==>V[1]