使用 Amazon CloudTrail 记录 Amazon Kinesis Data Streams API 调用 - Amazon Kinesis Data Streams
Amazon Web Services 文档中描述的 Amazon Web Services 服务或功能可能因区域而异。要查看适用于中国区域的差异,请参阅 中国的 Amazon Web Services 服务入门 (PDF)

本文属于机器翻译版本。若本译文内容与英语原文存在差异,则一律以英文原文为准。

使用 Amazon CloudTrail 记录 Amazon Kinesis Data Streams API 调用

Amazon Kinesis Data Streams 已与 Amazon CloudTrail 集成,后者是一种服务,可在 Kinesis Data Streams 中提供由用户、角色或 Amazon 服务所采取操作的记录。CloudTrail 将 Kinesis Data Streams 的所有 API 调用作为事件捕获。捕获的调用包括来自 Kinesis Data Streams 控制台的调用以及对 Kinesis Data Streams API 操作的代码调用。如果您创建跟踪,则可以将 CloudTrail 事件持续交付到 Amazon S3 存储桶,包括 Kinesis Data Streams 的事件。如果您不配置跟踪,则仍可在 CloudTrail 控制台中的事件历史记录中查看最新事件。使用 CloudTrail 收集的信息,您可以确定向 Kinesis Data Streams 发出了什么请求、发出请求的 IP 地址、何人发出的请求、请求的发出时间以及其他详细信息。

要了解有关 CloudTrail 的更多信息(包括如何对其进行配置和启用),请参阅 Amazon CloudTrail 用户指南

CloudTrail 中的 Kinesis Data Streams 信息

在您创建 Amazon 账户时,将在该账户上启用 CloudTrail。当 Kinesis Data Streams 中发生受支持的事件活动时,该活动将记录在 CloudTrail 事件中,并与其他 Amazon 服务事件一同保存在事件历史记录中。您可以在 Amazon 账户中查看、搜索和下载最新事件。有关更多信息,请参阅使用 CloudTrail 事件历史记录查看事件

要持续记录 Amazon 账户中的事件(包括 Kinesis Data Streams 的事件),请创建跟踪。通过跟踪记录,CloudTrail 可将日志文件传送至 Amazon S3 存储桶。预设情况下,在控制台中创建跟踪时,此跟踪应用于所有 Amazon 区域。此跟踪记录在 Amazon 分区中记录所有区域中的事件,并将日志文件传送至您指定的 Simple Storage Service(Amazon S3)存储桶。此外,您可以配置其他 Amazon 服务,进一步分析在 CloudTrail 日志中收集的事件数据并采取行动。有关更多信息,请参阅下列内容:

Kinesis Data Streams 支持将以下操作记录为 CloudTrail 日志文件中的事件:

每个事件或日记账条目都包含有关生成请求的人员信息。身份信息可帮助您确定以下内容:

  • 请求是使用根用户凭证还是 Amazon Identity and Access Management(IAM)用户凭证发出的。

  • 请求是使用角色还是联合用户的临时安全凭证发出的。

  • 请求是否由其它 Amazon 服务发出。

有关更多信息,请参阅 CloudTrail userIdentity 元素

示例:Kinesis Data Firehose 日志文件条目

跟踪是一种配置,可用于将事件作为日志文件传送到您指定的 Amazon S3 存储桶。CloudTrail 日志文件包含一个或多个日记账条目。一个事件表示来自任何源的一个请求,包括有关所请求的操作、操作的日期和时间、请求参数等方面的信息。CloudTrail 日志文件不是公用 API 调用的有序堆栈跟踪,因此它们不会按任何特定顺序显示。

下面的示例显示了一个 CloudTrail 日志条目,该条目说明了 CreateStreamDescribeStreamListStreamsDeleteStreamSplitShardMergeShards 操作。

{ "Records": [ { "eventVersion": "1.01", "userIdentity": { "type": "IAMUser", "principalId": "EX_PRINCIPAL_ID", "arn": "arn:aws:iam::012345678910:user/Alice", "accountId": "012345678910", "accessKeyId": "EXAMPLE_KEY_ID", "userName": "Alice" }, "eventTime": "2014-04-19T00:16:31Z", "eventSource": "kinesis.amazonaws.com", "eventName": "CreateStream", "awsRegion": "us-east-1", "sourceIPAddress": "127.0.0.1", "userAgent": "aws-sdk-java/unknown-version Linux/x.xx", "requestParameters": { "shardCount": 1, "streamName": "GoodStream" }, "responseElements": null, "requestID": "db6c59f8-c757-11e3-bc3b-57923b443c1c", "eventID": "b7acfcd0-6ca9-4ee1-a3d7-c4e8d420d99b" }, { "eventVersion": "1.01", "userIdentity": { "type": "IAMUser", "principalId": "EX_PRINCIPAL_ID", "arn": "arn:aws:iam::012345678910:user/Alice", "accountId": "012345678910", "accessKeyId": "EXAMPLE_KEY_ID", "userName": "Alice" }, "eventTime": "2014-04-19T00:17:06Z", "eventSource": "kinesis.amazonaws.com", "eventName": "DescribeStream", "awsRegion": "us-east-1", "sourceIPAddress": "127.0.0.1", "userAgent": "aws-sdk-java/unknown-version Linux/x.xx", "requestParameters": { "streamName": "GoodStream" }, "responseElements": null, "requestID": "f0944d86-c757-11e3-b4ae-25654b1d3136", "eventID": "0b2f1396-88af-4561-b16f-398f8eaea596" }, { "eventVersion": "1.01", "userIdentity": { "type": "IAMUser", "principalId": "EX_PRINCIPAL_ID", "arn": "arn:aws:iam::012345678910:user/Alice", "accountId": "012345678910", "accessKeyId": "EXAMPLE_KEY_ID", "userName": "Alice" }, "eventTime": "2014-04-19T00:15:02Z", "eventSource": "kinesis.amazonaws.com", "eventName": "ListStreams", "awsRegion": "us-east-1", "sourceIPAddress": "127.0.0.1", "userAgent": "aws-sdk-java/unknown-version Linux/x.xx", "requestParameters": { "limit": 10 }, "responseElements": null, "requestID": "a68541ca-c757-11e3-901b-cbcfe5b3677a", "eventID": "22a5fb8f-4e61-4bee-a8ad-3b72046b4c4d" }, { "eventVersion": "1.01", "userIdentity": { "type": "IAMUser", "principalId": "EX_PRINCIPAL_ID", "arn": "arn:aws:iam::012345678910:user/Alice", "accountId": "012345678910", "accessKeyId": "EXAMPLE_KEY_ID", "userName": "Alice" }, "eventTime": "2014-04-19T00:17:07Z", "eventSource": "kinesis.amazonaws.com", "eventName": "DeleteStream", "awsRegion": "us-east-1", "sourceIPAddress": "127.0.0.1", "userAgent": "aws-sdk-java/unknown-version Linux/x.xx", "requestParameters": { "streamName": "GoodStream" }, "responseElements": null, "requestID": "f10cd97c-c757-11e3-901b-cbcfe5b3677a", "eventID": "607e7217-311a-4a08-a904-ec02944596dd" }, { "eventVersion": "1.01", "userIdentity": { "type": "IAMUser", "principalId": "EX_PRINCIPAL_ID", "arn": "arn:aws:iam::012345678910:user/Alice", "accountId": "012345678910", "accessKeyId": "EXAMPLE_KEY_ID", "userName": "Alice" }, "eventTime": "2014-04-19T00:15:03Z", "eventSource": "kinesis.amazonaws.com", "eventName": "SplitShard", "awsRegion": "us-east-1", "sourceIPAddress": "127.0.0.1", "userAgent": "aws-sdk-java/unknown-version Linux/x.xx", "requestParameters": { "shardToSplit": "shardId-000000000000", "streamName": "GoodStream", "newStartingHashKey": "11111111" }, "responseElements": null, "requestID": "a6e6e9cd-c757-11e3-901b-cbcfe5b3677a", "eventID": "dcd2126f-c8d2-4186-b32a-192dd48d7e33" }, { "eventVersion": "1.01", "userIdentity": { "type": "IAMUser", "principalId": "EX_PRINCIPAL_ID", "arn": "arn:aws:iam::012345678910:user/Alice", "accountId": "012345678910", "accessKeyId": "EXAMPLE_KEY_ID", "userName": "Alice" }, "eventTime": "2014-04-19T00:16:56Z", "eventSource": "kinesis.amazonaws.com", "eventName": "MergeShards", "awsRegion": "us-east-1", "sourceIPAddress": "127.0.0.1", "userAgent": "aws-sdk-java/unknown-version Linux/x.xx", "requestParameters": { "streamName": "GoodStream", "adjacentShardToMerge": "shardId-000000000002", "shardToMerge": "shardId-000000000001" }, "responseElements": null, "requestID": "e9f9c8eb-c757-11e3-bf1d-6948db3cd570", "eventID": "77cf0d06-ce90-42da-9576-71986fec411f" } ] }